Rosarium
A rose garden ( majority Rosarien , German Rosengarten ) is a predominantly with roses planted, mostly publicly accessible, usually intended artistically landscaped garden or park, Rose species or varieties to gather from around the world. The rosary , i.e. the counting cord for the rosary prayer, or this form of devotion itself are also called rosary .
history
Joséphine , wife of Napoleon I , planted the first known collection of roses in Malmaison, not far from Paris . In the year she died, the rose garden comprised around 250 varieties of roses - all of the rose varieties available at the time. Today there is (again) a rose garden there, but it no longer has anything to do with the famous model.
The oldest still existing rosarium was laid out in 1899 by Jules Gravereaux (1844–1916), a French businessman. It is the Roseraie du Val-de-Marne in L'Haÿ-les-Roses south of Paris, the largest rosarium in France .
Europe
Belgium
The rose garden at Coloma Castle 10 kilometers south of Brussels is home to 6,000 rose plants of over 3,000 different rose varieties, with a focus on climbing roses and commercially sold varieties.
The International Rose Garden of Kortrijk ( West Flanders Province ) was laid out on the grounds of Castle Hooghe and presents rose varieties from all over the world. The garden is also a test garden for new rose varieties.
Germany
Founded in 1899, today's Europa-Rosarium in Sangerhausen has the largest rose collection in the world. The second largest rosarium in Germany is the German Rosarium in Dortmund. Europe's rose garden in Zweibrücken is the third largest rose garden in the world.
In Germany, the Rosenhöhe Park in Darmstadt is one of the oldest rosary arias, the core of which goes back to the 17th century. The rose island in Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe is also very old . It was laid out in 1766 by Daniel August Schwarzkopf under Landgrave Friedrich II of Hessen-Kassel. Among other things, the "Pearl of Weißenstein" grows there, which was bred and cultivated by Schwarzkopf, the then court gardener of Landgrave Friedrich II., In 1795 and is therefore regarded as the first German cultivated rose. After the Rose Island had been neglected for decades, the Roseninsel Park Wilhelmshöhe Association under the direction of the couple Hedi (Hedwig) and Wernt Grimm has been reviving the Rosarium since 1977 .
Gardens from the early 19th century with a high proportion of roses are the Rosenhöhe Park near Darmstadt (approx. 1810) and the Rosensteinpark in Stuttgart (approx. 1824).
The rose garden in the New Residence in Bamberg goes back to a Renaissance garden that has existed since the 16th century, which was converted into a pure rose garden in the 18th century. Over 4500 roses are now blooming there; there are over 50 different types. The Jena Rosarium existed from the 1930s to the 1960s.
In 1879 Franz Späth , owner of the world's largest tree nursery around 1900 , had a rosarium built in front of the gates of what was then Berlin (in today's Berlin-Baumschulenweg ) next to the arboretum , which can still be visited today , which was destroyed at the end of the Second World War. Since 1963 there has been a public garden of the Humboldt University , department "System, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants".
In Karlsruhe there has been a rose garden in the city garden / zoo since 1899, financed by a foundation from Karlsruhe citizens. It was expanded in 1915 and presented around 11,500 roses in around 70 varieties. It was given its present form for the 1967 Federal Horticultural Show and now houses 170 varieties.
In 1912, work began on building the rose garden on the banks of the Franconian Saale below the Regentenbau in the Bavarian state spa in Bad Kissingen , which was handed over to the population in 1913. At that time, the garden was the only park for the residents of the spa town, as all other state-owned parks and green areas were reserved for spa guests only. Today, visitors to the Bad Kissinger rose garden can admire around 12,000 rose bushes in 155 varieties on around 2.5 hectares.
The first rosarium in northern Germany was built in 1913 in Uetersen under the name Kaiser-Wilhelm-Rosengarten in honor of the 25th anniversary of the reign of Kaiser Wilhelm II. This park was abandoned around 1933 due to lack of space and rebuilt elsewhere. In today's Rosarium Uetersen from 1934, over 35,000 roses and 1,020 different rose varieties, including 200 historical ones, can be admired on 7 hectares.
In 1968 some rose beds were laid out on the site of a former garbage dump on the outskirts of Seppenrade . This little rose garden has been expanded three times over the years. It is currently 18,753 m². There are around 600 varieties of roses and 24,000 rose plants in the garden.
The Rosarium, founded in Wilhelmshaven in 1989, is currently home to over 3,000 roses from around 500 varieties on an area of 4 hectares.
The Glücksburg Rosarium in the north of Schleswig-Holstein was opened in 1991 in a former part of the castle park and houses over 500 varieties of roses on an area of around one hectare, including mainly historical varieties and Germany's largest collection of English roses .
In the Killesberg Park in Stuttgart, 18,000 roses in 400 species and varieties bloom in the “Valley of Roses”, which were planted for the 1993 International Horticultural Exhibition.
In the open-air museum Roscheider Hof there is a small rose garden with around 100 varieties as part of the bourgeois living culture.
Sangerhausen: Europe Rosarium
Dortmund: Rosarium Westfalenpark
Zweibrücken: Europe's rose garden
Darmstadt: Park Rosenhöhe
Seppenrade: Rose Park
Wilhelmshaven: Rosarium
Stuttgart: Valley of the Roses in the Killesberg Park
Bad Rothenfelde: rose garden with "Rosenzeit" flea market
Bad Wörishofen: rose garden in the spa gardens
Rose garden in the open-air museum Roscheider Hof
France
In addition to the above-mentioned oldest and largest rosarium in France in L'Haÿ-les-Roses , the following French rose collections are worth mentioning: Roseraie du Parc de Bagatelle in Bois de Boulogne ( 16th district ), Roseraie du Parc Floral de la Source in Orléans , Roseraie du Parc de la Beaujoire in Nantes , Roseraie Saint-Nicolas in Chalon-sur-Saône , Roseraie du Parc de la Tête d'Or in Lyon , Roseraie du Conservatoire botanique de Charance in Gap , Roseraie de Saverne , Roseraie de l ' École Du Breuil in the Bois de Vincennes in Paris ( 12th arrdt. ), Roseraie du Lycée horticole de Lomme .
Italy
The Roseto Comunale in Rome is a public garden in Rome that has existed since 1931, which is located opposite the Circus Maximus on the Aventine hill and houses 1200 varieties of roses on an area of more than 10,000 m². Another 350 varieties are tested in the rose test garden.
The Roseto di Cavriglia in Cavriglia , Arezzo, is the largest private rose collection in Europe with 7000 varieties.
Other well-known rose gardens are in Monza ( Il Roseto Niso Fumagalli ), Genoa ( Il Roseto di Nervi Villa Grimaldi )
Netherlands
The largest rosarium in the Netherlands is located in Winschoten ( Groningen province ).
Austria
There are several rose arias in Vienna itself - the rose garden in the Volksgarten is probably the best known. Further rose gardens can be found in the Danube Park , in the garden of the Hermesvilla and in the Schönbrunn Palace Park . In Wettstein Park on the Danube Canal existed from 1934 to 2015 a rose.
In Baden there has been a rosarium in the publicly accessible Doblhoff Park since 1969 with 25,000 rose plants and around 900 different varieties on 90,000 square meters, both modern and historical rose varieties, including around 40 varieties from the rose breeder Rudolf Geschwind . An international rose show takes place here every year in June, where thousands of cut roses are presented in the baroque orangery.
On June 14, 2001, Governor Hans Niessl opened the baroque rose garden "Stein und Rose" in Kaisersteinbruch . In this way, a park with historical English roses was created in front of the Europe Fountain with the "Wall of Unity" . This was the first step towards a “garden road” along the Leithagebirge .
Another Rosarium from Burgenland was built in 2003 in the spa town of Bad Sauerbrunn . There over 1600 roses of 300 varieties can be admired on 4000 square meters. The fragrant rose garden for the blind is also a special feature.
Giovannis Garden is a rose garden of 1400 rose varieties and a focus on historical roses in Graz .
Schlossparterre in the Rosarium Baden
Bad Sauerbrunn Rosarium
Rose garden in the Volksgarten , Vienna
Wettsteinpark Rosarium, Vienna
Schönbrunner Rosarium, Vienna
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Switzerland
In 1913, the “Rapperswil and Surroundings Transport and Improvement Association” had the rose gardens set up in Rapperswil at the Fischmarktplatz on Lake Zurich , followed by further plantings on the lakeshore in the early 1920s and on streets and squares in the densely built-up old town . Rose gardens in the real sense followed around 1965 a. a. at the hermitage in the former orchard of the Capuchin monastery. A cross-national specialty is the fragrant rose garden for the visually impaired in the city center, which was planted in 1984 with around 1,500 roses from 75 different types of scent, all signposted with Braille and normal writing. Between June and October a total of around 15,000 hybrid tea roses, polyantha and shrub roses bloom in the gardens and alleys of the rose city .
Czech Republic
The largest rosarium in the Czech Republic with over 25,000 rose bushes is located on the site of the Lidice Memorial , 20 kilometers northwest of Prague . The internationally awarded rose garden in Lidice was opened in June 1955 on the initiative of the Lidice shall live campaign .
Worldwide
Australia
Notable rose gardens in Australia are among others
- the Morwell Centenary Rose Garden in Morwell, Victoria, with over 4,000 rose plants and a focus on varieties from Australian growers.
- the rose garden in the Royal Botanic Garden Melbourne ( Royal Botanical Garden Melbourne ) in Melbourne with many types of roses .
- the Alister Clark Memorial Rose Garden , a rose garden in Bulla, Victoria , home of the Australian rose grower Alister Clark (1864-1949), which is dedicated to the grower and contains all 67 Clarks currently available.
- the Nieuwesteeg Heritage Rose Garden in Maddingley Park in Bacchus Marsh, Victoria is home to 40 old varieties of roses, most of them Australian varieties.
- the Victoria State Rose Garden in Werribee, Victoria , with over 5000 roses.
- Ruston's Rose Garden near Renmark in South Australia is home to one of the largest rose collections in the world with almost 4,000 rose varieties. The garden was named Australia's National Rose Collection in 2005. The garden was originally laid out as a commercial orchard, which increasingly supplied the cut flower market, until it was entirely focused on the sale of rose plants and cut roses in the 1970s.
India
The government rose garden in Ooty is located at 2250 meters above sea level and is one of the largest in India with 2800 rose varieties and over 20,000 rose bushes on an area of 4 hectares. Due to the unique climatic conditions without significant temperature changes over the year, the blooming time of the roses is very long.
Another large rose garden in India, the Zakir Hussain rose garden, is located in the Chandigarh Botanical Garden with over 50,000 rose bushes and 1,600 different varieties. With an area of 120,000 square meters, it is one of the largest in Asia. One of the oldest rose gardens in India, on the other hand, is the rose garden in Bangalore in Lalbagh, which was laid out by Hyder Ali in 1760 .
Morocco
The city of El-Kelâa M'Gouna is known as the rose city of Morocco . It is bordered by the valley of roses , a large rose-growing area that also houses a rose park.
United States
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The well-known rose gardens in the United States include
- The American Rose Center , the American Rose Society's garden in Shreveport, Louisiana with over 20,000 rose plants.
- The rose garden in Exposition Park in Los Angeles, California, laid out in 1927, covers over 28,000 square meters
- The International Rose Test Garden in Washington Park in Portland (Oregon) with over 7000 rose plants and around 550 rose varieties, has existed since 1917 and is therefore the oldest rose test garden in the United States that has always been open to the public - and the reason that Portland is also known as the "City of Roses" is called.
Trivia
- Rose garden is a common name or designation (Denmark) in many European countries, for example for old people's homes.
- At the Johannisfriedhof ( rose cemetery ) in Nuremberg there are many old high rose sticks (stock from the 16th century ).
See also
literature
- Rosarium. In: Meyers Enzyklopädisches Lexikon. Bibliographical Institute, Mannheim / Vienna / Zurich 1973, Volume 20, p. 333.
- Rose gardens today. In: David Squire, Jane Newdick: Fascination Roses . Unipart Verlag, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8122-3417-3 , p. 17.
- Chateau Malmaison and its famous rose collection. In: Hanneke van Dijk, Mineke Kurpershock: Rosen . Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen 1996, ISBN 3-86070-523-7 , p. 8.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Opening times ( Memento of the original from December 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on hu-berlin.de .
- ↑ History of the Späth Arboretum on hu-berlin.de .
- ↑ karlsruhe.de ( Memento of the original from January 29, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c d e 2014 directory. (PDF) World Federation of Rose Societies, accessed July 7, 2014 . ( Page no longer available )
- ↑ Rosarium in Doblhoffpark. In: Tourist Information Baden. Retrieved June 25, 2014 .
- ↑ Rosarium Baden - assortment list. (PDF) In: www.baden.at. Retrieved June 25, 2014 . ( Page no longer available )
- ↑ Excellent garden: Award for rose garden in Lidice. Retrieved March 21, 2020 .
- ↑ Ruston's Roses. Retrieved January 21, 2011 .
- ↑ Stirling Macaboy, Tommy Cairns (ed.): The Ultimate Rose Book. Abrams, New York 2007, ISBN 978-0-8109-9410-2 , p. 467 (English).
- ^ World Federation of Rose Societies. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2011 ; Retrieved July 7, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
