Killesberg Park
The Höhenpark Killesberg is a 50- hectare park in the Stuttgart-Nord district ( Killesberg district ) of the state capital. It is part of the Green U and borders the Wartberg in the east and the park on the Rote Wand in the south. The Green Fugue on the areas of the former trade fair has also been part of the Höhenpark since 2012 .
history
The facility goes back to the measures taken for the 1939 Reichsgartenschau . For this purpose, an area originally used as a quarry, but already abandoned, was redesigned into a park and exhibition area according to plans by the landscape architect Hermann Mattern .
From 1941 to 1942 the site was the collection point for Jewish citizens from Württemberg and Hohenzollern for transports to the concentration and extermination camps. A stone memorial commemorates the more than 2000 Jewish fellow citizens "who began their ordeal from here to the concentration camps and to their deaths during the time of the calamity in 1941 and 1942".
After the Second World War, the Höhenpark was the scene of other horticultural exhibitions on several occasions. The first post-war garden show in Stuttgart followed in 1950, the German Garden Show 1950 , also planned and realized by Hermann Mattern. It took place in the same area. The Federal Horticultural Show followed in 1961 for the first time in the upper and middle palace gardens and at that time the first Federal Horticultural Show in Baden-Württemberg. It was not until the International Horticultural Exhibition in 1993 that the Höhenpark was included again as an exhibition area. Since then, the Killesberg has also been an important part of the Stuttgart “Green U”.
After the completion of the new exhibition center in October 2007, the dismantling of the adjacent old exhibition center began, which was completed in December 2009. The city of Stuttgart invested a total of 21 million euros in the new infrastructure on the Killesberg, including the demolition of the fair and road construction. More than half of this went into the construction of the outdoor facilities (10.4 million euros). The pure construction costs for the park (Grüne Fuge, Rote Wand, Feuerbacher Heide) amounted to 7.65 million euros. A ten hectare park area, called Green Fugue , was created and opened in May 2012. They expanded the amount Park and The Green U .
art
The numerous sculptural works of art have been placed over the entire history of the park, some of which date from the founding time of 1939. In addition to other motifs, the horse motif appears several times, probably based on the Stuttgart heraldic animal.
| image | Surname | description | Artist | Coordinates |
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Adorant / youth | Bronze sculpture from 1912 | Ludwig Habich | 48.80264 ° N , 9.17285 ° O |
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Rising horse | Bronze sculpture that was erected on the occasion of the Baden-Württemberg State Exhibition in 1955. | Peter Otto Heim | 48.8022 ° N , 9.17034 ° O |
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Relief cuboid with horses | The bird bath in the form of a sandstone cube with four horse reliefs was set up on the occasion of the Reichsgartenschau in 1939. | NN | 48.80276 ° N , 9.17065 ° O |
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Woman with a towel / standing | The marble figure, created in 1936 and first exhibited in the Great German Art Exhibition in Munich in 1938, was also shown during the 1939 Reichsgartenschau. However, it was not installed in the Höhenpark until 1950. | Fritz Nut | 48.80439 ° N , 9.1708 ° O |
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Flamingo couple | The bronze sculpture created in 1957 was not originally intended for this location. | Rudolf Pauschinger | 48.80623 ° N , 9.16884 ° O |
| Wall relief "Vintage" | Majolica relief created in 1949 for the rebuilt Höhencafé Killesberg. | Peter Otto Heim | 48.80558 ° N , 9.16992 ° O | |
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Memorial stone "Rundfunkfritzle" (Erich Hermann) | Memorial stone made of red sandstone with a bronze plaque from 2011 on the occasion of Erich Hermann's 100th birthday . He is the author of the Killesberg song. | Markus Wolf (sculptor) | 48.80537 ° N , 9.17091 ° O |
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foal | The original made of tin came from 1942, was set up in 1950 on the occasion of the German Garden Show and is now part of the rider's squadron in the Körschtal. Instead of the original, a bronze cast was set up in 1987. | Lilli Kerzinger-Werth | 48.8048 ° N , 9.17161 ° O |
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Wall fountain with ducks | The two-part sandstone wall fountain with reliefs of fish, frogs, amphibians and snails from 1939 was set up on the occasion of the Reichsgartenschau. | Rudolf Pauschinger | 48.8048 ° N , 9.17161 ° O |
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Ball fountain | The replica of an original from 1925 was set up in 1950 on the occasion of the German Garden Show. A bronze heron originally stood on the sphere of the sandstone fountain. | Fritz von Graevenitz | 48.80569 ° N , 9.17255 ° O |
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Rising horse | The original bronze sculpture was erected on the occasion of the Reichsgartenschau in 1939 and sold in the early 1950s. The replenishment, created in 1955 with slight changes, was set up on the occasion of the Baden-Württemberg State Exhibition. | Fritz von Graevenitz | 48.80611 ° N , 9.17226 ° O |
| Wall relief with cows | The sandstone relief was created in 1950 for the new building of the milk bar on the occasion of the German Garden Show. | Fritz Melis | 48.80677 ° N , 9.17128 ° O | |
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Lying lion | The stone sculpture probably dates from the 19th century and is now on the children's playground near the milk bar. | NN | 48.80775 ° N , 9.17141 ° O |
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Children's slide | The concrete sculpture was created on the occasion of the new construction of the children's playground for the Federal Garden Show in 1961. | Erich Glauer | 48.80762 ° N , 9.1716 ° O |
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Fountain in the hornbeam rondel | The sandstone fountain was created in 1939 for the Reichsgartenschau. | Hermann Mattern | 48.80793 ° N , 9.17263 ° O |
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Rising horse | The travertine sculpture was created in 1936 and placed in its current location on the occasion of the 1977 Federal Garden Show. | Fritz von Graevenitz | 48.80742 ° N , 9.17635 ° O |
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V2A steel plastic | The steel sculpture from 1956 was erected in its current location on the occasion of the 1977 Federal Garden Show. | Erich Hauser | 48.80642 ° N , 9.17492 ° O |
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Hunting trophy | Created on the occasion of the Reichsgartenschau in 1939, the bronze sculpture is now emblazoned above the main entrance of the “Perkins Park” disco, the former main restaurant of the Reichsgartenschau. | Eugene Schwab | 48.8049 ° N , 9.17431 ° O |
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Doe with calf | The pewter sculpture was created around the time of the Reichsgartenschau in 1939, but was not installed until 2008. | Josef Zeitler | 48.80399 ° N , 9.17347 ° O |
| deer | The replica of the original from 1921 is from 1930. The bronze sculpture was erected on the occasion of the German Garden Show in 1950 | Fritz von Graevenitz | 48.80266 ° N , 9.17223 ° O | |
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Cuboid | The granite block was erected in 1993 on the occasion of the International Garden Show. | NN | 48.80288 ° N , 9.17128 ° O |
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"Collective camp" memorial stele | The granite site with a bronze inscription was built in 1962 to commemorate the deportation of Württemberg Jews. | Ludwig Albrecht von Hauff | 48.80148 ° N , 9.17162 ° O |
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Memory body | The steel ring from 2013 complements the “collection camp” memorial stele and symbolizes the social gap created by the deportation. | Ülkü Süngün | 48.80148 ° N , 9.17162 ° O |
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Film frieze "Culture flows" | The two photo strips, each 150 meters long, are located in the “Killesberg” tram stop and show the rivers Rhine and Neckar. | Ulrich Bernhardt | 48.79938 ° N , 9.1712 ° O |
Art stations
Map with all coordinates of the art stations: OSM
For the IGA '93, the landscape architect Hans Luz took up the station concept that he and his office had already tried out at the 1977 Federal Garden Show in Stuttgart and the 1981 State Garden Show in Baden-Baden:
- “So we looked for places where destination and stopover points, stations could be created with designed condensation and invented names for the respective location: Bei der Buche, Grottenloch, Keuper, Donars Stich, Der Leibfried etc. We thought about it to connect these points with a course that reflects a curriculum vitae: love, birth, play, creation, dreams, politics, living, living and passing away. We wanted to include the word in this path and realize the whole thing together with artists and writers we know and trust. "
Of the art stations that were built for the IGA in the Höhenpark Killesberg, on the Wartberg and in the Leibfriedschen Garten , 11 are still preserved today. In the Höhenpark there is the Killesberg Tower , which was planned for the IGA, but was not built until 2001, and the Stangenwald installation.
| image | Surname | description | Artist | Coordinates |
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Killesberg Tower | Lookout tower in rope net construction with a double spiral staircase running in opposite directions. | Schlaich Bergermann and Partner | 48.80522 ° N , 9.17126 ° O |
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Pole forest | Installation of 7 × 9 white concrete columns arranged in a rectangular grid. | Hans Dieter Schaal | 48.8059 ° N , 9.17444 ° O |
Animal enclosure
In addition to numerous water birds, various four-legged friends such as goats, ponies, donkeys, alpacas, pot-bellied pigs, etc. are kept on the Killesberg. Some of the animals may be fed by the visitors, but only with the animal feed attached to the enclosure by the garden, cemetery and forestry department, as a young sheep was killed by incorrect feeding.
alpaca
alpaca
alpaca
pig
lamb
goat
Dahlia Show
Every year one of the largest freely accessible dahlia shows in Germany takes place in the Höhenpark Killesberg on an area of approx. 2500 m² . Visitors can walk between 10,000 dahlias in almost 200 varieties. You can choose your favorite dahlia from August to September. On the last day of the exhibition, all dahlias are harvested and sold in bouquets at extremely low prices for charitable purposes.
Festival of lights
In summer, the Volkswagen Festival of Lights in Stuttgart, including fireworks, takes place every year in the Killesberg Park.
Fair
On the terrace below the Killesberg tower, there is a small fair in operation during the summer months , known as the Eliszis Fair Theater . It is run by showmen from Kraichgau .
The company was founded in 1995 by the couple Uwe Kircher and Astrid Böhm, who are known by the artist name Eliszi. The stalls and rides, some of which are around 100 years old, include a horse carousel, ship swing, hat-throwing booth, waffle bakery and an event tent for children's theater and other events.
The owners of the company restore everything themselves. For example, the hat-throwing booth was already in use on the Cannstatter Wasen before it was repaired by Uwe Kircher, a trained vehicle mechanic , after years of non-use.
Astrid Böhm is a clown and puppeteer . She regularly performs puppet theater in the theater tent . In addition to a puppet theater, there is, among other things, a historical children's carousel, a ship swing and a fair organ from Waldkirch. In addition, various entertainment events such as concerts, theater and dance events take place in the tent, which was originally the carousel house of a sports carousel.
The couple's two sons appear as professional entertainers under the name Floor LegendZ .
Killesbergbahnen
Killesberg Parkbahn
An almost 2.3 km long, narrow-gauge park railway with a gauge of 15 inches (381 mm), the Killesbergbahn Stuttgart , has been running in the Killesberg Park since 1939 . It runs daily in the summer months, with the Blitzschwoab (built in 1950) and Schwoabapfeil (built in 1992) diesel locomotives on weekdays , and the two steam locomotives Tazzelwurm and Springerle from 1950 on Sundays and public holidays . The Santa Maria , built by Krauss-Maffei in 1928, was added as the third steam locomotive in 2016 .
The 14 covered passenger cars were manufactured by Waggonbau Görlitz between 1937 and 1938 ; they are still in use today.
Children's tram
Even before the transformation of the Killesberg grounds for Reichsgartenschau 1939, frequented the area of today's "acacia grove" (between Kleinbahnhof and Perkins Park ), where the Stuttgart streetcars at that time had their Waldheim terrain, 1932-1937 600-mm-lane electrical Children tram on a Circuit. After its dismantling due to the garden show and the turmoil of the Second World War, it was finally reopened in 1950 under the name "Rumpelstilzchen" on the new Waldheim site in Degerloch , where it still operates today.
Chairlift
On the occasion of the German Garden Show in 1950 , an 820 meter long chairlift was also built in the Killesberg Park . The cable car , designed as a monocable gondola , ran from the area of today's Fontänensee below the main entrance across the valley of the roses to what was then the Blindensee above the remains of the quarry, at the “Weigelschmid” restaurant. The train operation took place from April to October.
The system , built according to the Swiss Von Roll system, which was also known under the type designation VR101 , consisted of a 25 millimeter thick, combined suspension and pulling cable made of crucible cast steel . A total of 45 numbered double armchairs could be hung in and out of this, depending on the crowd. The armchairs were simple tubular steel constructions with unpadded benches and a fabric roof. A special feature of the Von Roll system were the sideways armchairs arranged across the direction of travel . The transport speed was 2.5 m / s. At the stations, the armchairs were released from the rope by a raised guide rail and then had to be pulled manually through the bend by the operating staff. In the last few years of operation, when the system was already showing severe signs of wear, the armchairs sometimes had to be pushed down the drainage rail by hand and hooked back into the pull rope instead of rolling off under their own weight as intended. The management was initially the responsibility of the Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG (SSB) and was later transferred to the Stuttgarter Messe- und Kongress-GmbH (SMK). A single trip initially cost one, the round trip one and a half D-Mark . Children under twelve paid half.
In 1986 the railway had to be closed because the main entrance was redesigned in the course of the trade fair expansion. Remnants of the terminus at Blindensee existed until the beginning of the 1990s. The last remains of the pillars were removed in 1993 when the site was being redesigned for the International Garden Show. Only chair number 6 and castors remained from the cable car; it is being preserved for posterity by the Stuttgart Historical Tramway Association (SHB) in the Stuttgart Tramway World.
Panoramabahn
During the IGA in 1993, a monorail operated on the Killesberg in addition to the Killesberg park railway , namely the panorama train from the Swiss roller coaster manufacturer Intamin , which connected the Killesberg with the other parks included in the IGA. At first it seemed as if the railway could be preserved, but it was finally dismantled in 1994 on the basis of a contractual agreement, according to which the manufacturer was obliged to take back the system in advance.
Killesberg Tower
A 42 m high observation tower has stood at the highest point of the park since 2001, built by civil engineer Professor Jörg Schlaich on behalf of the Stuttgart Beautification Association as a filigree construction made of 43 networked ropes. The four platforms of the tower hang in a rope net, which is guyed from the top of the central pylon, which is balanced on a ball. The railings are also constructed from a rope network. Like most observation towers of similar height, this tower does not have an elevator.
Means of transport
The Höhenpark Killesberg can be reached with the U5 line of the Stuttgart city railway and the bus lines 43, 44 and 50, Killesberg stop , and with the U6 and U13 lines, Maybachstraße stop .
Surroundings
- Shortly before the Bismarck Tower on the 409 m high Gähkopf is the Theodor-Heuss-Haus , the house of the first German Federal President converted into a museum .
- The urban high-altitude outdoor swimming pool borders the site in the north .
- The “ Perkins Park ” disco has been located in the building, which was originally built on the edge of the Höhenpark as an event location for the opening ceremonies of the 1939 Reich Garden Show .
- In the southwest of the Höhenpark are the listed Weißenhofsiedlung from 1927, which belongs to the exhibition "The Apartment" initiated by the German Werkbund , and the Kochhofsiedlung .
literature
- Hans Luz: All about the Green U , manuscript, Stuttgart 2012.
- Maria Christina Zopff (text); Michael Latz (photography): Kunstweg Killesberg: history and stories. Stuttgart 2015, online .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ingrid Bauz, Sigrid Brüggemann, Roland Maier (eds.): The Secret State Police in Württemberg and Hohenzollern. Stuttgart 2013, ISBN 3-89657-138-9 , p. 293ff.
- ↑ newsroom.stuttgart.de: A new park for the citizens ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Brochure Kunstweg Killesberg
- ↑ #Luz, Hans 2012 , page 69.
- ^ Article in the Stuttgart Journal , visited on June 16, 2010.
- ↑ Website of Eliszis Fun Fair Theater. Retrieved December 28, 2016 .
- ↑ Torsten Ströbele, Georg Friedel: Historical carousel turns again. Stuttgarter Zeitung, accessed on December 28, 2016 .
- ↑ a b c Chairlift on the Killesberg - the ride was definitely safe for a fat man Article by Frank Rothfuss in the Stuttgarter Zeitung online, August 5, 2016
- ↑ Album zum Killesberg - many want the chairlift back. Stuttgarter Nachrichten, August 21, 2015
Coordinates: 48 ° 48 ′ 26 ″ N , 9 ° 10 ′ 19 ″ E