Leithagebirge
| Leithagebirge | ||
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| Highest peak | Sonnenberg ( 484 m above sea level ) | |
| location | Lower Austria / Burgenland border , Austria | |
| part of | Alps , mountain group 2911 to Trimmel | |
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| Coordinates | 47 ° 53 ' N , 16 ° 29' E | |
| rock | Gneiss , mica slate ; above it limestone | |
The Leithagebirge is geographically located on the border between Lower Austria and Burgenland . In the Leithagebirge there are two nature parks: the Mannersdorf Desert Nature Park and the Neusiedlersee - Leithagebirge Nature Park .
location
The Leithagebirge or the Leithaberge , as they are colloquially known, is a 35 km long and 5-7 km wide ridge on the edge of the Vienna Basin in the west between Brucker Pforte in the north and Wiener Neustädter Pforte in the south. As the foothills of the Alps , the Leithagebirge forms a connection to the Carpathian Mountains in the north.
The highest point is at 484 m above sea level. A. the Sonnenberg , entirely in Burgenland. The mountain ridge is heavily forested. Deciduous trees, such as oak , hornbeam, and red beech are predominant. On the south-eastern slopes of the mountains on the Burgenland side, which slope flatly down to Lake Neusiedl , vineyards determine the landscape.
geology
Geologically, the Leithagebirge consists of gneiss and mica schist and overlying limestone , which is known as Leithakalk . Because of its purity, the lime is also used to make chalk . Limestone is mainly used today for cement production and also as building and sculpting material.
The most important sites of Leitha limestone and Leitha limestone sandstone, an alphabetical, historical list: Au am Leithaberge , Bad Deutsch Altenburg , Breitenbrunn , Hainburg an der Donau , Hof am Leithaberge , Hundsheim , Kaiserstein von Kaisersteinbruch with the Steinmetzmuseum , Kroisbach , Maria Loretto , Mannersdorf with the famous stonemason department of the local museum, Müllendorf , St. Margarethen , Sommerein , Stotzing , Winden am See and Wöllersdorf . “The quality of the limestone quarried here was reason enough in the past to take the long and arduous journey from Vienna, the capital of the empire. Ox carts pulled stones weighing tons to Vienna, on roads that had nothing to do with today's traffic routes. "
Elias Hügel , imperial court stone mason and church builder in the imperial quarry on Leithaberg in the first half of the 18th century, was and is the most important master of the Leithagebirge across the ages. 250 years later, after the Second World War , there was again a master stonemason in Mannersdorf am Leithagebirge in the form of Friedrich Opferkuh , who, breaking all the limits of a craftsman, became the teacher of future university professors.
colonization
The Leithagebirge is hardly populated, the places are all on the edge. The most important places are Mannersdorf with a large cement factory , the Burgenland capital Eisenstadt and the tourist resorts Donnerskirchen (known for the St. Martin mountain church, which is visible from all sides from Lake Neusiedl), and Purbach am Neusiedler See. A military training area for the armed forces is located in Bruckneudorf and completely surrounds the Kaisersteinbruch district.
From a military point of view, the Leithagebirge was always of importance, as it offered a small protective wall against attackers from the east, but was easier to defend than the two gates.
Hiking trails
Both the Central Alpine Trail and the Burgenland long-distance hiking trail offer the opportunity to cross the Leithagebirge for almost the entire length. The Lower Austrian circular hiking trail also runs in sections on the ridge. In addition, there are numerous other local hiking trails that open up the area. The trails in the Leithagebirge are looked after by the Austrian Tourist Club . The Kaiser-Franz-Joseph-Warte on the Steinerwegberg (municipality of Hof am Leithaberge) was also built by this in 1888 .
Quarry Gallery
Quarries of St. Margarethen, Natural History Museum Vienna , 1889
Mannersdorf quarries around 1870
Kaisersteinbruch Hausbruch, north face
Kaisersteinbruch, entrance to the Blauer Bruch cultural landscape
Loretto quarry, around 1870
literature
- Johann Nordmann : I come from the mountains! - geographical sketches , 1864.
- A. Hanisch & H. Schmid: Austria's quarries. Directory of the quarries that supply cuboids, steps, paving stones, grinding stones, millstones or roof slabs , Vienna 1901.
- Alois Kieslinger : The stones of the Vienna Ringstrasse , Wiesbaden 1972.
- Helmuth Furch : Historisches Lexikon Kaisersteinbruch , 2 vol. Messages of the Museum and Culture Association Kaisersteinbruch , 2002–2004. ISBN 978-3-9504555-8-8 .
- Brigitte Krizsanits, Manfred Horvath : The Leithagebirge, border and connection . Publishing House Library of the Province 2012. ISBN 978-3-99028-172-7 .
Web links
- August Hanisch, Heinrich Schmid: Austria's quarries. Directory of the quarries that deliver cuboids, steps, paving stones, grindstones and millstones or roof slabs. Graeser, Vienna 1901. (Online at ALO ).
- https://www.geologie.ac.at/fileadmin/user_upload/dokumente/pdf/poster/poster_2011_archaeometrie_kongress_heinrich_et_al_2.pdf Leithagebirge
Individual evidence
- ^ Helmuth Furch: Historical Lexicon Kaisersteinbruch. , Leithakalksteine, quotation from Franz Bamberger, Federal Master of the Stone Masons' Guild, Volume 2, 2004, p. 418f