Neustadt in Saxony
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 51 ° 1 ′ N , 14 ° 13 ′ E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Saxony | |
| County : | Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains | |
| Height : | 340 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 83.12 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 12,097 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 146 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postcodes : | 01841-01844 | |
| Area code : | 03596 | |
| License plate : | PIR, DW, FTL, SEB | |
| Community key : | 14 6 28 260 | |
| City structure: | 9 districts | |
City administration address : |
Markt 1 01844 Neustadt in Saxony |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Peter Mühle (NfN) | |
| Location of the city of Neustadt in Saxony in the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains district | ||
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Neustadt in Sachsen is a town in the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains district in Saxony .
geography
location
Neustadt in Saxony is nestled in the Neustädter Valley between the ridges of the Hohwald and Ungerberg near the border with the Czech Republic .
The Neustädter Tal lies on the border between the Lausitzer Bergland and the Elbe Sandstone Mountains near the Lausitz thrust. Anyone from the west of Dresden or Stolpen Coming approaches the place, crossing first the Karrenberg ( dialect spoken Kornberg). Although the mountain is now unforested and grain is sometimes grown on it, it does not get its name from the grain, but from the wheelbarrows that merchants used to cross this mountain on the old salt route in the Middle Ages . From here there is a view of the city and its surroundings.
The district of Polenz is to the southwest. The river of the same name makes its way first through granite and then through sandstone to the confluence with the Sebnitzbach , and then after a few kilometers flows into the Elbe as a salmon stream near Bad Schandau . The valley is known for the Märzenbecherwiesen in the Polenztal , one of the largest natural occurrences of wild Märzenbecher in Germany.
Further south the ridge of the Ungers rises (538 meters) with the television tower and the observation tower. One of the foothills of the Unger is the Götzingerhöhe - a lookout point with a tower and restaurant 425 m above sea level south of Neustadt. This is a popular destination for people from Neustadt. It can be reached from the “Bruno-Dietze-Ring” development area via the promenade, where there is a picnic area with a small Kneipp facility . From the tower, which is made of an iron structure, you have a panoramic view of the Elbe Sandstone Mountains, the Ore Mountains, the Lusatian Mountains and, if the visibility is good, the Jizera Mountains and the Giant Mountains. In winter, the descent from the Götzingerhöhe is popular as a toboggan run . To the east, the view extends over the Langburkersdorfer valley, where the Polenz rises. Behind are the mountains of Northern Bohemia. In the northeast is the Hohwald with its highest elevation, the Valtenberg (588 m).
City structure
The city is divided into the main town and another eight official municipal parts. As of December 31, 2017, two other districts (Polenz and Langburkersdorf) had over 1000 inhabitants and two (Berthelsdorf and Oberottendorf) over 500.
| Surname | District since | Residents |
|---|---|---|
| Berthelsdorf | August 1, 2007 | 643 |
| Krumhermsdorf | 1st January 1974 | 469 |
| Langburkersdorf | August 1, 2007 | 1859 |
| Neustadt in Saxony | - | 6661 |
| Niederottendorf | August 1, 2007 | 367 |
| Oberottendorf | August 1, 2007 | 501 |
| Polenz | January 1, 1994 | 1320 |
| Rückersdorf | August 1, 2007 | 320 |
| Rugiswalde | August 1, 2007 | 260 |
history
First mentioned in the 14th century
In 1333 Neustadt was first mentioned as a gold mining town. The founders were Freiberg miners and called the settlement Nuwenstad or Niwenstad. At first the city belonged to the Kingdom of Bohemia under the rule of the Berka von der Dubá . Although there have been repeated attempts to mine gold in the area until recently and the accompanying minerals also suggested the existence of gold veins near Neustadt and in the Hohwald , nothing was ever found. The fact that the city still did not lose its importance is due to the fact that there was an important intersection of two trade routes, the salt route from Halle (Saale) to Prague and the pilgrimage route from Bautzen to the Bohemian pilgrimage site of Mariaschein . The first church, the Hospitalkirche, probably stood on what was then Pilgerstrasse, even before the city was founded, on Hospitalstrasse, which was later named after the establishment. Soon after the city was founded, the Jakobikirche was built, either named after the church patron of the same name, Jakobus, as in Freiberg, or after the medieval Way of St. James that passes here .
In 1451 the town came into the possession of the Saxon Elector Frederick the Meek through purchase and from then on remained in Saxon property.
In 1768, the masters of the blacksmiths, locksmiths and wagons guild in Neustadt made a bet as to who could manufacture a wooden wagon wheel in the shortest possible time. The bike was then manufactured within seven hours and rolled to the royal seat of Dresden before sunset. A copy can be seen today in the local museum. The original is in Moritzburg Castle .
From 1938 to 1945, 8.8 caliber anti-aircraft guns were manufactured in the largest industrial company on site, the herring works .
At the beginning of May 1945 residents of Neustadt decided to hand over their town, in which there were no German troops, to the advancing Red Army and the 2nd Polish Army without a fight . Surrender was to be indicated by the raising of white flags. A fanatical Hitler Youth leader who had holed up with some Hitler Youths in the school and opened fire on the advancing Red Army soldiers destroyed this plan. This resulted in victims on both sides. Large-caliber weapons were also used. The Russian artillery fire caused destruction and fires. The Soviets and Poles began to evict the remaining residents from their homes and set them on fire. Half of the buildings around the market burned down this way. Only the intervention of the Catholic and Protestant pastors ensured that the remaining buildings were preserved: Both of them looked to the Soviet commander at risk of death and pleaded with him to spare the rest of the city. It was helpful that the Catholic pastor was Sorbe and thus spoke a mother tongue related to Russian and Polish .
Incorporations
Krumhermsdorf was incorporated on January 1, 1974. Polenz joined on January 1, 1994. On August 1, 2007, following a referendum, Berthelsdorf, Ober- and Niederottendorf, Rückersdorf, Langburkersdorf and Rugiswalde were incorporated. By then they had formed the Hohwald community .
politics
City council
Since the municipal council election on May 26, 2019 , the 21 seats of the city council have been distributed among the individual groups as follows:
- Voters' association “Neustädter für Neustadt” (NfN): 7 seats
- CDU : 4 seats
- LEFT : 1 seat
- FDP : 1 seats
- AfD : 5 seats
Town twinning
The city maintains partnership relationships with the places
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Gunzburg , -
Titisee-Neustadt and
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Weilheim an der Teck as well as to the communities
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Meckenbeuren ,
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Frittlingen in Germany as well
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Throats in Luxembourg .
The city is also a member of the largest city friendship in Europe:
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37 cities and municipalities from Germany, Austria, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, the Czech Republic and the Netherlands, which bear the name Neustadt, have joined forces in the Neustadt in Europa working group.
During the GDR era it was
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Krnov (Jägerndorf) twin town in today's Czech Republic.
Culture and sights
Buildings
The town hall in the middle of the market square was built around 1700. The Meißner and Neustädter coats of arms are located above the town hall portal. The copper-clad town hall tower with the clock is interesting. The building resembles a hut house , which can perhaps be explained by the founding history of the city by Freiberg miners. Not far from the town hall, on the market, is the Kursächsische Postmeile column Neustadt in Saxony from the year 1729 by the electoral Saxon post office, which once stood in front of the town hall, u. a. with distance information to many surrounding cities in one hour (1 hour = 7.531 km).
The tallest building is the tower of the Protestant St. Jacobi Church, which was rebuilt in the neo-Gothic style in 1884 . The Jakobikirche was first mentioned in 1346. Since then there have been several church buildings made of wood and later also of stone, some of which were dilapidated or no longer met the requirements of the growing city. The oldest preserved part of the church is the chancel from the 16th century. In its Gothic quarry stone vault you can discover two keystones, which are already mentioned in very old documents. The representations on the 3 keystones symbolize the Trinity of God: Father = simply represented as a point or circle Son = Christ head Holy Spirit = Dove. You should definitely see the beautiful, carved altar when visiting Neustadt. Likewise the Renaissance epitaphs in the chancel. The tower with its four dials can be seen from afar from the surrounding hills and if you had good eyesight, you could always read the exact time even at times when wristwatches were not yet a matter of course, for example when working in the fields. The striking of the bells at every 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 and full hour and the festive bells can be heard in the city and, depending on the wind, in the surrounding villages.
In summer, the St. Jacobi Church is usually open to the public on Tuesdays; other times are possible after consultation with the parish office. In addition to the church services, numerous concerts take place in the Jakobikirche every year.
The oldest residential building in Neustadt is the parsonage, built in 1616, with its entrance portal in the Renaissance style and its exposed Franconian half-timbering. The well-known researcher of Saxon Switzerland, WL Götzinger, also lived here.
The Catholic St. Gertrud Church near the city park was built in 1927–1928.
Memorials and sights
- Memorial plaque from 1983 in the castle park of the Langburkersdorf district in memory of three French concentration camp inmates known by name and two unknown who were murdered by SS men on a death march from the Schwarzheide subcamp of Sachsenhausen concentration camp in April 1945
- A similar plaque on the outer wall of the Neustadt cemetery commemorates another six prisoners, Jews and Czechs murdered by SS men : Robert Küffler, Alfred Weinstein, Egon Bellak, Milan Mahra, Franz König and Hans Lustig.
- Another plaque at the bus stop in the Rugiswalde district also reminds of the horrors of the death march
One of the sights is the bronze-cast goat on Götzingerhöhe . It was created in 1969 for the day care center on Götzingerstraße and placed in the garden where the children used it as a climbing device. It was later removed because of the risk of injury and found its place on the Götzingerhöhe. After standing in front of the museum in Malzgasse for around ten years, the goat was put back there in 2008.
Also worth seeing is a sandstone figure that depicts a flower girl at the corner of Böhmische Straße / Markt at a height of 4.50 meters and was created in 1956 by the Dresden sculptor Albert Braun . The figure is intended to commemorate the artificial flower industry that flourished here until 1989 .
On the facade of the building at Dresdner Strasse 3, the former chocolate shop, a relief commemorates the "Pfeng-Pauline", a merchant who was a well-known personality around 1900. She always had sweets in her basket, which she sold for pennies at local festivals. She was always poorly dressed, with wooden clogs and a headscarf, but legend has it that she left behind a handsome fortune when she died.
Museums
The city museum in the old malt house of the former Schmole brewery provides information on important stages in the city's history, such as gold mining, the artificial flower industry and agricultural machinery, as well as important personalities who worked far beyond the city limits, including Wilhelm Leberecht Götzinger, Friedrich Adolph Struve and Julius Missbach. With regular changing exhibitions and evening events, the museum also makes a significant contribution to the city's cultural life. The gold and mineral adventure site has existed in the Berthelsdorf district since October 19, 2007. This museum was created as part of the project "Gold in Upper Lusatia - a tourism offer". It is an information center on geology, history and the extraction of gold, minerals and rocks in the region.
On the occasion of the Götzinger Days for the 250th birthday of Wilhelm Leberecht Götzinger from September 5 to 7, 2008, a guest room in the Götzingerhöhe mountain inn was set up as a Götzinger room.
music
In Neustadt in Saxony there are eight music groups or choirs, such as Heimatchor Polenztal, Hohwaldchor, Schalmeienorchester, Hohwaldmusikanten, Old friends.
Economy and Infrastructure
Metal industry
Until 1989 Neustadt was a center of agricultural machinery construction . The VEB Kombinat Progress Agricultural Machinery , which was founded after the Second World War , contributed significantly to the growth of the city. The population doubled from 1948 to 1984.
The progress plant, which emerged from the former Hering works (branch of Hering AG Nuremberg ), was the largest employer in the region at the time. Balers and swathers were manufactured in the Neustadt plant . The combine also included other plants, such as Singwitz , where combine harvesters of the E 512 and later E 516 series were manufactured, or Kirschau (gearbox production). The development and prototyping for all these machines, which were exported worldwide in the typical company colors blue and white, was located in Neustadt. From the 1960s onwards, smaller local businesses such as a knife factory or the enamelling factory were incorporated into the progress factory.
Artificial flower industry
There were small flower factories that were later nationalized and combined to form the VEB Kunstblume Sebnitz, and they produced artificial flowers. The making of the flowers was often done by women. When “making flowers” or “laying foliage”, the punched-out leaves were glued to the stems or blossoms were put together from pre-cut pieces. This work was often done at home, for the accounting the workers used the old counting method with gros and dozen . The sometimes dangerous substances used when working from home, such as glues or glass grit, also created dangers especially for the children who were often present. The stamping and other work that could not be done at home was done by so-called flower girls in the factories. After the reunification , this branch of industry was no longer able to cope with cheap competition from other countries.
Situation since the 1990s
The economic situation in Neustadt is determined by small and medium-sized companies, local trades and service providers.
In 2014, a total of 3994 employees subject to social security contributions were recorded in the city, 1002 of which were in the mining and manufacturing sector. The most important resident companies include the local association of the Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund with over 400 employees (2013), Capron GmbH , which has been manufacturing mobile homes on the site of the former VEB Progress Agricultural Machinery Combine since 2006 (2017: 650 employees), and Gerodur MPM Kunststoffverarbeitung GmbH & Co. KG (2017: 220 employees), one of the leading manufacturers of polyethylene pipes in Europe.
In the district of Berthelsdorf is located to the Asklepios clinics belonging Orthopedic Clinic Hohwald . The clinic has 105 beds and in 2012 employed around 240 people.
The Ostsächsische Gummiwerke Polenz GmbH is located in the district of Polenz . With around 70 employees (2012) it produces technical molded parts made of rubber as well as rubber-metal and rubber-plastic compounds. The company has been part of Veritas AG since 2010 .
In June 2012, the automotive supplier Veritas AG opened a new branch in the Langburkersdorf district . 240 jobs were created here by 2015.
Neustadt's economic situation was determined by a comparatively high level of unemployment until 2009. Between 2009 and 2011, however, the number of unemployed in the Neustadt / Sebnitz area was reduced by 28 percent. The average unemployment rate for 2011 was 10.5 percent.
Situation today
Excellent conditions for business and commerce make Neustadt in Saxony a good place for investments. In the six fully developed industrial and commercial areas there is still space available for settlement. Not only traditional craft businesses appreciate the location and good transport links. Numerous companies in the plastics and metal processing industry have settled here in recent years, including well-known companies such as the mobile home manufacturer Capron, Veritas, Gerodur or WTK-Elektronik. They use the potential of well-trained employees that goes back to the city's industrial tradition. In 2013 Capron GmbH was named the 1st regional ambassador for the region of the district.
The health and social services sectors also offer many jobs. The ASB local association Neustadt / Sachsen e. V. one of the largest service providers and employers in this area in the region. The Asklepios Orthopedic Clinic Hohwald is a figurehead. The renowned specialist hospital for orthopedics and rheumatoid orthopedics is known far beyond Saxony. When looking for qualified specialists, companies benefit from the proximity to several universities and colleges. The proximity to the border triangle Germany-Poland-Czech Republic also offers cross-border European perspectives. In order to make the city fit for the future, the municipality is concentrating on creating new jobs and continuously improving the infrastructure. Additional areas are being developed and old industrial wastelands are being revitalized. Neustadt in Saxony is building on its past as an industrial city.
traffic
Road network
Neustadt has well-developed and maintained bypasses. The residential areas are mostly accessed by ring roads.
- East-west bypass: Dresden - Löbau / Sebnitz via Dr.-Wilhelm-Kaulisch-Straße
- North-south bypass: Bischofswerda - Hohnstein via Bischofswerdaer Straße - Dr.-Wilhelm-Kaulisch-Straße - F.-Mildner-Straße - Berghausstraße
Rail and bus connections
In 1877 Neustadt received a train station and was thus connected to the railway network. The station is on the branch lines Bautzen – Bad Schandau and Neustadt – Dürrröhrsdorf . There is currently a regional train connection to Pirna and Sebnitz. This line had been operated by the Saxony urban railway as SB71 since December 12, 2010 , until it was renamed RB71 in December 2016. Since October 1st, the line has been operated by the Central German Regiobahn .
| line | Line course | Clock frequency |
|---|---|---|
| RB 71 | Neustadt in Saxony - Stolpen - Dürrröhrsdorf-Dittersbach - Pirna | Hourly (Mon-Fri) |
| RB 71 | Neustadt in Saxony - Sebnitz | Every two hours |
In addition, a regional bus route connects Neustadt with Dresden and Sebnitz.
| line | Line course | Clock frequency |
|---|---|---|
| 261 | Neustadt in Saxony - Stolpen - Rossendorf - Dresden | Hourly (Mon-Fri) / two-hourly (Sat & Sun) |
| 261 | Neustadt in Saxony - Sebnitz | Hourly (Mon-Fri) / two-hourly (Sat & Sun) |
education
Existing schools
- General knowledge
- Friedrich Schiller High School
- Primary school Oberottendorf
- Julius Missbach Elementary School
- Evangelical primary school Hohwald
- Neustadt special needs school, Polenz district
- General and language education and musical education
- Saxon Switzerland Adult Education Center, Neustadt branch
- Saxon Switzerland Music School V.
- Vocational preparation and training
- Teaching Studio Pirna (USP) GmbH, Langburkersdorf training center
- Internationaler Bund (IB), Neustadt Vocational School for Nursing of the Asklepios Orthopedic Clinic Hohwald
Former schools
- General knowledge
- Götzinger grammar school
- Langburkersdorf Middle School
Leisure and sports facilities
- Sportforum Neustadt
- Volksbank-Stadion-Neustadt and artificial turf pitch
- Langburkersdorf artificial turf pitch
- Rugiswalde forest park stadium
- Sports field in Niederottendorf
- Gyms in Polenz, Langburkersdorf, Niederottendorf
- Rückersdorf parish hall
- Mariengut riding stables
- Tennis courts of the 1st TC Neustadt
- Leisure pool "Mariba Freizeitwelt" with fitness center (operator Mariba Freizeitwelt)
- Neustadt swimming lake, Rugiswalder Weg
- Polenz forest pool
- Grenzlandlichtspiele (cinema)
- Ski lift in Rugiswalde
- PSV "Schusterhof" Polenz e. V.
- “Around Neustadt” cycle path, between 20 and 35 kilometers long, depending on the route.
Karrenberg
View to the Hohwald
Ungerberg
Personalities
Honorary citizen from Neustadt in Saxony
- Wilhelm Michael Schaffrath (1814–1893), chairman of the Neustadt Fatherland Association founded in 1848 and member of the Frankfurt National Assembly , the Reichstag and the Saxon State Parliament
- City Councilor Hermann Nitzsche, resolution of December 18, 1930 (25 years of voluntary work as a council member)
- Bruno Dietze, mayor of Neustadt in Saxony for 16 years, drafted the certificate on October 28, 1965
- Dieter Grützner, Mayor of Neustadt in Saxony from June 1, 1990 to January 2, 2007, city council resolution of December 14, 2006, letter of honorary citizenship written on January 5, 2007
- Günter Mews , twenty years as a city councilor, special merits in 1990 (political change), city council resolution of February 24, 2010, letter of honorary citizenship written on May 26, 2010
- Manfred Elsner, Mayor of Neustadt in Saxony January 3, 2007 to July 31, 2015, city council resolution of April 15, 2015, letter of honorary citizenship written on June 1, 2015
sons and daughters of the town
- Christian Clodius (1647–1717), song collector
- Christian Krumbholtz (1662–1725), Evangelical Lutheran clergyman, chief pastor in Hamburg
- Friedrich Adolph Struve (1781–1840), inventor of artificial mineral water, founded the first mineral water company in Dresden in 1818
- Wilhelm Leberecht Götzinger (1758–1818), from 1787 he worked as a deacon, later as a pastor at the St. Jakobi Church. Through his books, in which he describes Saxon Switzerland , he is considered a developer of this landscape. The "Götzingerhöhe" is named after him.
- Carl Julius Fritzsche (1808–1871), pharmacist and chemist
- Oswald Ufer (1828–1883), German painter, engraver and photographer
- Julius Missbach (1831-1896), journeyman in Riemer; later publisher and bookseller; Father of many clubs founded in the 19th century; Pioneer for the railway construction ( Saxon Semmering Railway ) as well as the construction of the elementary school, the district court, the Götzinger and Ungerturm
- Karl Hanns Taeger (1856–1937), painter and teacher at the Dresden Art Academy
- Paul Lehmann (1883–1961), Social Democrat and SED member (expelled from the party in 1955 due to flight from the GDR), was 1929–1933 member of the Lower Silesian Provincial Parliament in Breslau and 1947–1948 First Mayor of Wurzen
- Bruno Dietze - social democratic mayor in the first years after 1945
- "Pfeng-Pauline" - Neustadt original around 1900
literature
- Richard Steche : Neustadt. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 1. Booklet: Official Authority Pirna . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1882, p. 52.
- To Stolpen and Neustadt (= values of our homeland . Volume 17). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1970.
Web links
- Website of the city of Neustadt
- Neustadt in Sachsen in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Literature about Neustadt in Saxony in the Saxon Bibliography
- Neustadt City Museum
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019 ( help on this ).
- ^ Main statute of the city of Neustadt in Saxony. In: neustadt-sachsen.de. City of Neustadt in Saxony, accessed on September 2, 2015 .
- ^ Districts of Neustadt in Saxony. In: neustadt-sachsen.de. City of Neustadt in Saxony, accessed on July 23, 2018 .
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1994
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2007
- ↑ Results of the 2019 municipal council elections
- ↑ https://www.stadtmuseum-neustadt-sachsen.de/
- ^ State Statistical Office Saxony - Municipal statistics Neustadt in Sachsen 2015
- ↑ Capron celebrates 20,000th mobile home , Sächsische Zeitung (Pirna edition) from April 25, 2013
- ↑ Capron is growing and growing ... , Sächsische Zeitung (Pirna edition) of October 13, 2017
- ^ Tube after tube more space , Sächsische Zeitung (Sebnitz edition) from May 20, 2017
- ^ "Why the Hohwaldklinik deserves the award", Sächsische Zeitung dated February 3, 2012 ( memento of the original dated September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 689 kB)
- ↑ Internet presentation of Ostsächsische Gummiwerke Polenz GmbH
- ↑ Automotive supplier cuts hundreds of jobs , Sächsische Zeitung (Pirna edition) from February 25, 2015.
- ↑ The east of the district is catching up economically , Sächsische Zeitung (Pirna edition) from January 4, 2012.
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