Birkigt (Freital)

Birkigt Large district town of Freital Coordinates: 51 ° 0 ′ 40 ″  N , 13 ° 40 ′ 50 ″  E
Height :	200 m above sea level NHN
Area :	86 ha
Residents :	972  (December 31, 2017)
Population density :	1,130 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	January 1, 1923
Postal code :	01705
Area code :	0351
Location of Birkigt in Freital

Birkigt is a district of the Saxon large district town of Freital in the district of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains .

geography

Freital-Birkigt station at the Windbergbahn

Birkigt is located in the northeast of Freetal on a slope that drops to the west to the Döhlen basin . The other districts of Freital, Potschappel with Neucoschütz in the west and north, and Burgk with Zschiedge in the south, are adjacent . In the northeast and east, Birkigt borders on the districts of Coschütz and Gittersee of the state capital Dresden .

In the district there is a train station at the Windbergbahn . The regional traffic Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains stops in Birkigt with the city bus line C, which connects Pesterwitz with Bannewitz .

See also : List of streets in Birkigt (Freital)

history

The place name Birkigt is of German origin and means birch forest (analogous to Tännicht, Eichigt, Erlicht). The village was first mentioned in 1378 as Birkech , Berkech . In 1429 the place was called "zcum Birckechte", in 1445/1447 then "Burkecht". The village appeared as "Birkicht" in 1457 and in 1547 was called "Pirgk". Four years later it is mentioned as "Birckichtt". Still known as “Bürckigt” in 1791, the place was called “Birkigt b. Döhlen ".

Birkigt has been a parish after Döhlen since 1555. The manorial rule was exercised by the owners of the Potschappel manor throughout the early modern period . In the 16th century, Birkigt had to pay various taxes to the squire Hermann von Tauschwitz. After Potschappel, the Birkig children also went to school until 1875, and a year later the first Birkig schoolhouse was completed . After this reached its spatial limits towards the end of the 19th century, a new building was completed in 1898, which is now used under the name "Ludwig Richter School". After the school had moved, the old school building served as the municipal administration building, housed the Freitals School History Museum for a long time and was demolished in 2018. In the old village center, which is on Gitterseer Straße near the city limits of Dresden, some farms from the 19th century have been preserved to this day.

Birkigt on a map from the 19th century

The Gustavschacht began operating in the 19th century. From around 1900 - at that time the community's Gewannflur extended to 86 hectares - Birkigt developed into a workers' residential community. As early as 1897, with the construction of the “Gliemann barrel factory”, the first industrial settlement in the village, after only a few mining facilities of the “Potschappler Aktienverein” had previously been located on Birkierter Flur. After the First World War , further operations including the packaging Maschinenfabrik Otto Hänsel settled, (later to Nagema belonging) and a Voltolwerk the Ossag .

Two years after Freital was founded, Birkigt came to the city on January 1, 1923 as the fifth district; In addition to the three founding communities, Zauckerode was already part of it. During the Second World War , on August 24, 1944, an air raid on Freital and Gittersee caused severe damage to the district. One of the main goals was the mineral oil works of Rhenania-Ossag, which emerged from the Ossag . The 486th and 487th bomber groups (65 B17 bombers ) of the 92nd US Combat Squadron ( 8th US Air Fleet ) attacked the facilities marked as object "GQ 1612", the cold-resistant special lubricants (about 6,000 tons per year ) for the Air Force and were considered the main producer of Voltol oils. A memorial stone in the “Am Brunnen” green area today commemorates the 241 victims of the attack.

Development of the population

year	Residents
1551	9 possessed men , 7 residents
1764	9 possessed men, 2 gardeners
1834	71
1871	360
1890	744
1910	1871
1923	2338
2010	881
2015	948
2017	972

Culture and sights

Memorial stone for the victims of the US air strike

See also : List of cultural monuments in Birkigt (Freital)

The Ludwig Richter elementary school is located in Birkigt and was completely renovated by August 2009.

The Birkigt district was badly damaged in an air raid on August 24, 1944 in the Second World War, which was directed at the Voltolwerk . A memorial stone commemorates the 241 people who lost their lives at the time.

literature

• Katrin Schulze: GQ 1612 - What led the Allies to Freital-Birkigt on August 24, 1944 , Freital 2011.

Web links

Commons : Birkigt  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Birkigt in the digital historical place directory of Saxony
• History of the Birkigt district on freital.de
• The upper Dorfgasse of Birkigt by Max Eckardt, 1874, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Update of the Integrated Urban Development Concept (INSEK). (PDF; 120 MB) Urban development Freital 2030plus. Stadtverwaltung Freital, STEG Stadtentwicklung GmbH, January 2020, p. 92 , accessed on July 13, 2020 . 
2. ↑ Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther (ed.): Historical book of place names of Saxony . tape I . Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-05-003728-8 , pp. 73 .
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Birkigt in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
4. ↑ Birkigt near Freital. In: Repertorium Saxonicum. Institute for Saxon History and Folklore , accessed on November 15, 2015 . 
5. ↑ Juliane Puls, Wolfgang Vogel: Birkigt (incorporated in 1923). In: freital.de. City of Freital, accessed on November 9, 2018 . 
6. ↑ Juliane Puls: Bombs on Freital: On August 24, 1944, the Birkigt district of Freital was bombed. In: freital.de. City of Freital, archived from the original on December 21, 2016 ; accessed on November 15, 2015 . 
7. ↑ Heinz Schulz: 60 years ago today 241 people died from American bombs in Freital . In: Leipziger Volkszeitung . August 24, 2004.
8. ^ Siegfried Huth: Freital in old views . tape 1 . Freital, ISBN 978-90-288-5521-2 .