Ossag
The oil works Stern-Sonneborn AG ( Ossag ) was a German lubricating oil company, producer of Voltol . It was taken over by Mineralölwerke Rhenania AG and with it formed Rhenania-Ossag . Today this is called Shell Deutschland Oil GmbH .
history
In 1880 the brothers Leo (1858–1943) and Josef Stern from Breidenbach in Hesse settled in Cologne and founded the Stern Brothers company, which traded in oils and fats. The Rheinische Fett- und Vaselinefabrik in Cologne-Sülz emerged from this in 1883 . The company produced one of the best lubricating oils on the German market as well as various greases and special oils, some in cooperation with Deutsche Tiefbohr-AG , otherwise from American or Russian petroleum.
In 1886, Leo and Josef Stern's cousin, Jacques (Isaak) Sonneborn (1863–1936, also from Breidenbach), joined the company as an employee. In the course of expanding the business, the company set up a branch factory in the Hamburg free port area in 1889 and took Sonneborn on as a partner. Joseph Stern stayed in Cologne and continued to take care of the business there, while Leo Stern and Jacques Sonneborn moved to Hamburg. In the following years the export business expanded, so that in 1892 the Hamburg plant was expanded. Additional factories and branches were also opened in Italy, France and the UK.
In 1903 the Stern brothers and their cousin Sonneborn founded the Stern-Sonneborn AG oil works , Ossag for short , with administrative headquarters in Hamburg (from 1924 in the Ballinhaus ). To do this, they brought the Rheinische Fett- und Vaselinefabrik into the new company and raised further capital by participating in several banks (including Stern Brothers , London ) in Ossag. The company facilities in Hamburg-Wilhelmsburg and in the petroleum harbor on Kleiner Grasbrook were then expanded with the new money .
In 1909, Ossag acquired the majority in Westrumitwerke GmbH in Dresden, only to liquidate it at the beginning of 1910 in favor of the Continentale Oel-Besprengungs- und Strassenteerungs-Gesellschaft mbH in Berlin, which it owned. The dust-binding Westrumit , an ammonia-containing oil-asphalt emulsion was (not only in car races Gordon Bennett Cup , Kaiserpreis race in the Taunus) used to hold down the dust on the roads.
The company had its own tanker called Ossag for exporting its own products. The first ship of the name, still a sailor, was replaced in 1922 by the tank steamer Ossag (2793 GRT) of the tank steamer company Ossag , Hamburg. This was sunk on April 22, 1944 in the Black Sea off Sevastopol at coordinates 44 ° 22'N, 32 ° 43'E by an air raid.
During the First World War , Ossag owned an important patent for refining fatty oils into high-quality lubricants, the voltoizing process . With the lubricating oil called Volt-Öl (for electrically refined lubricating oil, later Voltol ), Ossag was an important supplier to the German military. Gasoline works Rhenania GmbH took a stake in the Stern-Sonneborn oil works during the First World War . The loss of foreign subsidiaries and overseas holdings in oil production facilities as a result of World War I led to major losses for the AG, which is listed in Hamburg and Cologne.
In Freital in the Birkigt district incorporated in 1923 , the company operated another lubricating oil refinery from the beginning of the 1920s, in which Voltol was produced. Since Ossag had taken over financially during the inflationary period in order to expand its capacities, Royal Dutch Shell took the opportunity to strengthen the position of its German subsidiary in the field of lubricating oil and took over Ossag in June 1925 for 8.8 million Reichsmarks . Rhenania and Ossag merged to form Rhenania-Ossag Mineralölwerke AG .
The co-founder of Ossag, Jacques Sonneborn, resigned as general director, but was given a place on the supervisory board and was asked to stay out of active business. The crude oils were converted to Shell petroleum. In addition to the petrol pumps for the Stellin petrol and the Dynamin petrol-benzene mixture , the first oil cabinets were set up to sell the Voltol from Ossag .
In the spring of 1933, all Jewish executives and employees at Rhenania-Ossag were dismissed before the National Socialists expressly requested it. The founders of Ossag, Leopold Stern and Jacques Sonneborn, were the first to resign from their supervisory board mandates. The Jewish supervisory board members Richard Stern, Karl Friedrich Kunreuther and Ludwig Hogrewe were also fired, as were all Jewish employees and workers.
Leo Stern received a new contract with Astra Romana , a subsidiary of Royal Dutch Shell in Romania . After 1935 he emigrated with his family to the USA and settled in New York City .
literature
- Joachim Kleinmanns: Great, full! A brief cultural history of the gas station. Jonas Verlag, Marburg 2002, ISBN 3-89445-297-8 .
- Rainer Karlsch, Raymond G. Stokes: Factor Oil. The mineral oil industry in Germany 1859-1974. Verlag CH Beck, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-406-50276-8 .
- Patent US127385730. July 1918 : PROCESS OF SOFTENING WATER. Registered on July 30, 1918 , published on November 13, 1914 , applicant: Oelwerke Stern Sonneborn Akt Ges, inventor: Hugo Heller.
Web links
- Entry about Leo Liebman Stern on www.hamburgerpersoenitäten.de
- Robert Finn - first episode of the dispute over an honorary citizen of the ETV
- Entry for the tanker Ossag in the Miramar Ship Index
- Entry for the tanker Ossag II in the Miramar Ship Index
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry about Leo Liebman Stern on www.hamburgerpersoenitäten.de
- ↑ L'Allemagne en France: enquêtes économiques: mines, métallurgie, produits chimiques, colles, gélatines et engrais / par Louis Bruneau ( Memento of November 16, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Kaiserpreisrennen im Taunus ( Memento of the original from November 10, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Losses of the German Merchant Navy 1939–1945: Letters N – O – P ( Memento of the original dated August 12, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Entry on the tanker Ossag in the Miramar Ship Index ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Birkigt (incorporated in 1923) ( Memento from December 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ http://keindiakonieklinikumblogger.org/etv-1/
- ↑ Entry on "Oelwerke Stern-Sonneborn A.-G." on https://d-nb.info/1185756272/34
