Dresden Elbe slopes
The Dresden Elbe slopes are a cultural landscape in Dresden . They form the northeastern edge of the Elbe valley . For a long time they were also the city limits of Dresden and since the incorporation of further areas above the slopes they mark a transition from densely populated districts to the rural villages of Dresden.
geography
location
The Elbe slopes begin in the Radeberger Vorstadt at the Brauhaus am Waldschlösschen about 3.5 kilometers up the Elbe from the inner-city Brühlschen Terrasse . From there they run about 12.5 kilometers to the city limits in the southeast. The Elbe slope is touched by the Elbe several times , creating the impression of a one-sided breakthrough valley.
Landscape classification
The surroundings of the Elbe slopes are strongly shaped by cultural landscapes. In the northwest the slopes merge into the Dresdner Heide . Albertpark , a cultivated part of the heather, is located above the slopes . At the height of the heather, the difference in height between the Elbe slopes increases from around 10 meters at the Waldschlösschen to around 90 to 100 meters.
Over the slopes in the south-east, i.e. north of the Elbe slopes, lies the Schönfeld highland , which belongs to Dresden and consists mainly of agricultural land. At up to 200 meters, the difference in altitude is also greatest there. In the south, the Triebenberg ( 384 m above sea level ) is also the highest in the highlands and Dresden.
In the valley floor there is the Elbe meadow landscape with few remnants of the natural floodplain forest along the entire length .
Side valleys
The Elbe slopes begin to rise behind the Prießnitz valley and are notched in some places by other tributaries of the Elbe. The Mordgrundbach runs in the Mordgrund between the Elbe castles and Dinglinger's vineyard . In the Loschwitzgrund , the valley of the Loschwitzbach ("Trille"), the main road , which is important for urban traffic and connects the Blue Wonder with Bautzner Straße ( B 6 ), runs. This is followed by the shorter side valleys of the Wachwitzbach , the Helfenbergerbach , the Keppbach and the Friedrichsgrundbach . The border to Pirna is defined by the Tiefen Grund , whose brook flows into the Graupaer Bach .
Districts
The districts of Loschwitz , Niederpoyritz , Wachwitz , Hosterwitz , Pillnitz and Oberpoyritz are located on the slopes of the Elbe . Many of these districts have been preserved in the village or still have a preserved village center. They are also often located at the entrance to the narrow side valleys. The districts of Weißer Hirsch , Bühlau and Rochwitz are located above the slopes of the Elbe . Until 1999 the Elbe slopes were largely the city limits. In the southeast are the districts of Pappritz , Helfenberg , Malschendorf , Krieschendorf and Borsberg of the village of Schönfeld-Weißig above the Dresden Elbe slopes.
Some places, especially above the slopes of the Elbe, were health resorts and recreational areas, especially the Weißer Hirsch health resort, which was incorporated into Dresden in 1921, with the neighboring Oberloschwitz . At the transition from the Elbe slopes to the Dresdner Heide, a sanatorium , bathing and sports facilities were built there by 1932 .
Cultural space
Viticulture
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In the wine-growing region of Saxony , the Dresden Elbe slopes are part of the major location in the Elbe Valley wine-growing region . In Pillnitz there is a large individual vineyard, the royal vineyard near Pillnitz Castle , which also includes other vineyards such as Wachwitz and the Elbe castles .
The Leitenweg (from Leite = "steep mountain slope") that runs above the vineyards in Pillnitz is part of the Saxon Wine Hiking Trail .
building
There are many well-known buildings and structures on the slopes of the Elbe, most of which were built in the 19th and 20th centuries. The three Elbe castles Albrechtsberg Castle , Villa Stockhausen and Eckberg Castle mark the beginning of the Elbe slopes from the city view . The first two castles cover the slope up to the Elbe with terraced gardens and small vineyards. All three castles were built around the same time in the middle of the 19th century. The Villa Stockhausen, which came into the possession of the pharmaceutical company Karl August Lingner , is also known as the Lingnerschloss . Under the Elbe castles is the former Saloppe waterworks , which was built from 1871 to 1875 to supply the Äußere Neustadt and the Radeberger Vorstadt with water .
The two famous Dresden mountain railways are located in Loschwitz on the slopes of the Elbe on both sides of the Loschwitzgrund. The Dresden funicular was opened in 1895 and overcomes a height difference of 95 meters. Despite the location on the valley flank of the Loschwitzgrund, the railway breaks through the slope in the Burgberg tunnel and in the Princess Louisa tunnel. In the immediate vicinity is the Dresden suspension railway , which overcomes a difference in altitude of 84 meters and is considered the oldest mountain suspension railway in the world.
The Royal Villa Wachwitz was the summer residence of the last Saxon King Friedrich August III. Later the property, expanded to include Wachwitz Castle , built in 1936 , became the family seat of the Wettin line founded by the king's second son, Friedrich Christian . It has been known as Schloss Wachwitz ever since. The Dresden television tower , built above the slope of the Wachwitz Elbe, with its total height of 252 meters, towers over the valley floor by 373 meters.
The Pillnitz Castle is a bit away from the slope, but with the Wasserpalais on the Elbe and the Bergpalais on the Elbe slope, it sits between the Elbe slope and the Elbe.
The small baroque churches of Maria am Wasser , the Weinbergkirche and the Loschwitz church are also related to the Elbe slope . The Weinbergkirche was built from 1723 to 1725 according to plans by Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann and is located in the Pillnitz vineyard. Maria am Wasser goes back to a Gothic church from the 15th century and was brought into its baroque form in 1704. In 1705 the construction of the Loschwitz Church began by George Bähr , which was completed in 1708.
protection
The slopes of the Borsberg and Friedrichsgrund in the southeast form the approximately 2 km² Saxon nature reserve Dresden Elbe Valley slopes (D 104), which begins on the Elbe slope above the Pillnitz wine slope. The ravine forest in Friedrichsgrund is particularly worth protecting there . The entire Dresden Elbe slopes upstream from Loschwitz are located in the Fauna-Flora-Habitat Elbe valley slopes between Loschwitz and Bonnewitz (FFH 33E). In addition, the landscape protection area d32 Elbe slopes Dresden-Pirna and Schönfelder Hochland is superimposed on the nature reserve and fauna-flora-habitat. The Dresden Elbe slopes are an essential landscape component of the Dresden Elbe Valley cultural landscape , which was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site from 2004 to 2009 .
Events
On the Elbe slopes and at their feet - along the riverside strip from Loschwitz to Pillnitz - Dresden's second most visited district festival after the BRN , the Elbhangfest , takes place every year . In addition, the competition routes of traditional popular sports events such as Borsberglauf and 100km duathlon lead through the slopes of the Elbe.
Web links
- Loschwitzbach water profile (PDF file; 3 MB), accessed August 8, 2020