Friedrich Christian of Saxony (1893–1968)
Friedrich Christian Albert Leopold Anno Sylvester Macarius Prince of Saxony Duke of Saxony (born December 31, 1893 in Dresden ; † August 9, 1968 in Samedan , Switzerland ) was the second eldest son of King Friedrich August III. von Sachsen , the last king of Saxony and his wife Luise of Tuscany and was head of the House of Wettin since the death of his father in 1932. He was captain à la suite of the Royal Bulgarian Infantry, Grand Master of the Order of the Diamond Crown , Knight of the Black Eagle Order , Grand Cross bearer of the sovereign Order of Knights of Malta and since 1921 a member of the Third Order of the Dominicans . As head of the house he called himself Friedrich Christian Margrave von Meißen from 1932.
Life
In the Wettiner family tradition, Friedrich Christian became a lieutenant in the 1st Leib Grenadier Regiment No. 100 of the Saxon Army at the age of 10, and at the same time he completed his school and study days. In 1913 he attended the War Academy in Dresden , during World War I he took over general staff duties on the Western Front . Friedrich Christian, who was finally awarded a high order of valor and was very linguistically gifted, was in diplomatic service and a. to King Alfonso XIII. from Spain , to the Turkish sultan and to Emperor Karl I of Austria . At the end of the World War, Prince Friedrich Christian led the Saxon troops entrusted to him from Belgium and France back to Germany and demobilized them in Fulda .
After the end of the world war he turned to studying law in Cologne , Freiburg im Breisgau , Breslau and Würzburg and graduated with a doctorate . The subject of his doctorate was the personality of Nicolaus Cusanus , who was of great importance for the development of canon law in the late Middle Ages. During his studies in Wroclaw he became a member of the KDSt.V. Winfridia Breslau in her CV (today in Münster), but resigned again in 1928/1929 due to differences in content. In Würzburg he joined the KDStV Thuringia Würzburg in the CV on February 9, 1920 , where in the following years his wife, Elisabeth von Sachsen, née. Thurn and Taxis, was heavily involved as honorary chairwoman of a Thuringian women's association founded on July 16, 1924 .
After completing his studies, he decided to do his habilitation as a private lecturer in art history . However, his father's call to take over the management of the property in Saxony and Silesia reached him beforehand.
The doctor of law married on June 16, 1923 in Regensburg Elisabeth Helene von Thurn und Taxis (1903-1976), daughter of Prince Albert von Thurn and Taxis and his wife Margarethe , born Archduchess of Austria.
Since 1932, after his brother Georg von Sachsen joined the Jesuit order and his father died, he was head of the Wettin family. Bamberg was the family's residence until 1937 , where Friedrich Christian led the Order of St. Mary . In 1937 he and his family moved to Schloss Wachwitz in Dresden- Wachwitz , which he had previously rebuilt next to the Royal Villa and where they lived until 1945. After the bombing raids on Dresden , Friedrich Christian took in numerous victims in the surviving Haus Wachwitz. Soon afterwards the family moved via Hof and Regensburg to Bregenz , where the two youngest children had been living since 1940. Because of their good connections to the French , they were able to enable Richard Strauss, for example, to enter Switzerland . From 1955 the family found a new home in Munich- Harlaching with the help of the closely related Thurn and Taxis .
In Munich, Friedrich Christian founded together with his sons Maria Emanuel and Albert, other representatives of the Saxon nobility, the chapter of the Royal Saxon Military St. Heinrichs-Ordens , the association of the Dresdeners and the Landsmannschaft Sachsen - Kreisgruppe München on January 30th, 1961 the study group for Saxon history and culture e. V. Munich , which at that time was to become one of the largest Saxon associations in the west German federal territory of divided Germany.
In 1960, a few years before his own death, Friedrich Christian Margrave von Meißen designated the Imst-Brennbichl royal chapel in North Tyrol as the future burial place for himself and his successors. To this end, he had a crypt with space for ten coffins built in the park next to the chapel. Friedrich Christian Margrave von Meißen died on August 9, 1968 and was buried in the grave he founded.
progeny
Friedrich Christian and Elisabeth Helene had five children:
- Maria Emanuel (1926–2012) - head of the Wettin-Albertinian line from 1968 until his death
- Maria Josepha (born September 20, 1928 in Bad Wörishofen)
- Maria Anna Josepha (born December 13, 1929 in Bad Wörishofen; † March 13, 2012), ⚭ 1952 Roberto Afif Prince of Gessaphe (1916–1978)
The son of this marriage, Alexander Prince of Gessaphe, was born in 1999 by his uncle Maria Emanuel adopted and determined as his successor as head of the House of Saxony. - Albert Joseph Maria Franz Xaver (1934–2012) ⚭ Elmira Henke (* 1930)
- Mathilde Maria Josepha Anna Xaveria (born January 17, 1936 in Bamberg; † March 17, 2018) ⚭ 1968–1993 Johannes Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Kohary (1931–2010)
ancestors
| Pedigree of Friedrich Christian of Saxony | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Great-great-grandparents |
Maximilian von Sachsen (1759–1838) |
King |
Ferdinand von Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld (1785–1851) |
King |
Grand Duke |
King |
King |
Charles Ferdinand de Bourbon (1778–1820) |
| Great grandparents |
King John of Saxony (1801–1873) |
King Ferdinand II of Portugal (1816–1885) |
Grand Duke Leopold II (1797–1870) |
Duke Charles III. (1823–1854) |
||||
| Grandparents |
King George of Saxony (1832–1904) |
Grand Duke Ferdinand IV (1835–1908) |
||||||
| parents |
King Friedrich August III. (1865–1932) |
|||||||
|
Friedrich Christian of Saxony |
||||||||
literature
- Albert Herzog zu Sachsen: The Wettins in life pictures . Styria-Verlag, Graz / Vienna / Cologne 1995, ISBN 3-222-12301-2
- Frank-Michael Bäsig: Friedrich Christian Margrave of Meissen . Raute Verlag, Dresden 1995, ISBN 3-9804584-0-7
- Friedrich Christian , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 37/1968 of September 2, 1968, in the Munzinger Archive ( beginning of the article freely accessible)
Individual evidence
- ^ Bäsig, M. Frank-Michael: Friedrich Christian Margrave of Meißen . Dresden 1995, 94; K.-B. Springer: Sermon in the world. About the history of the Dominican lay people. In contact. Gift of the Dominicans of the Province of Teutonia 2014, 17–20, 20.
- ↑ http://www.bild.de/regional/chemnitz/chemnitz-regional/am-grab-des-sachsen-prinzen-25408164.bild.html
Web links
- Literature by and about Friedrich Christian von Sachsen in the catalog of the German National Library
- Biographical information on Friedrich Christian
- Biography on the Wettiner website
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Friedrich August III. |
Head of the House of Wettin 1932 - 1968 |
Maria Emanuel |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Saxony, Friedrich Christian von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Saxony, Friedrich Christian Albert Leopold Anno Sylvester Macarius Prince of |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Head of the Wettin House |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 31, 1893 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Dresden |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 9, 1968 |
| Place of death | Samedan , Switzerland |