Dominican lay communities

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Dominican lay communities , also originally Brothers and Sisters of the Penance of St. Dominikus , since 1974 also called Dominican Communities or sometimes short lay Dominicans , are members of the Roman Catholic Church who have joined the Dominican religious family and want to live a Christian life in the spirit of the Dominican tradition.

description

Lay Dominicans shape their lives in their respective class and profession according to the spirituality of the Dominican order and are connected to one another through membership in the community. Together with the men and women religious they carry the apostolate of the order , the proclamation of the Gospel .

Dominican spirituality rests on four basic pillars:

  1. Prayer : standing before God with one another and for one another (meditation and pilgrimage )
  2. Community
  3. Study: Gospel , documents of the religious tradition, the ecclesiastical teaching office and analyzes of our contemporary world
  4. Apostolate : bringing people closer to the message of salvation in Christ .

Inclusion and admission

At the beginning, aspirants go through a one-year period of introduction and getting to know each other (candidate or postulate ). After being asked to join the community, the candidate becomes a candidate for the novitiate. At the end of this is the making of a promise for one year, the first profession. After three years of membership, the lifelong promise, the perpetual profession, can be made, to which one becomes a full member of the community and thus also of the Dominican Order.

meaning

The lay Dominicans are accepted into the order through their promise of obedience to the superior general . and they have an ecclesiastical mandate of their own in the Dominican Order: they take part in the mission of the Order, namely the proclamation and expansion of the Faith (Chapter 15 of the Rule). The laity are therefore an indispensable part of the overall order. Accordingly, the rule of 1985 says: "As members of the Order, they are in their own way the bearers of the apostolic mission in prayer, study and preaching" (No. 4). According to Vincent de Couesnongle  OP, who was master of the Dominican order from 1974 to 1983 , the tertiary of the past “no longer lives in the hostel attached to the monastery today. Due to his commitment and his shared responsibility, he 'lives' in the monastery itself. That means that the whole order would feel it very much if the layperson were absent. "

history

The mendicant orders came into being in the 13th century . On January 21, 1217, Pope Honorius III recognized. the Dominican Order (Ordo Praedicatorum). Lay people joined the Dominicans. As an organizational form, brotherhoods such as the "Our Lady" and such as the Brothers and Sisters of the Penance of St. Dominic , whose statutes were confirmed by the seventh order master of the preachers, Munio von Zamora OP (1285–1291), in 1286 for the group in Orvieto, arose. as well as the " Militia of Jesus Christ ", a "military order of knights subordinate to the Dominicans". In the 15th century, Dominican third order communities expanded in the course of the observance movement . “The rule of the supposedly forgotten and papally approved third order in 1405 was compiled by Thomas Caffarini with reference to Munio von Zamora and is [...] verifiable from the 15th century onwards [...] Many women's communities took them between the 15th and 18th centuries Rule of the Third Order ”, the text of which begins with the words“ Incipit Regula Fratrum, et Sororum de Penitentia Beati Dominici ”(“ The rule of the brothers and sisters of the Order of the Penance of St. Dominic ”) begins.

Pope Leo X mentioned in 1515 in his bull about the establishment of the Dutch province Germania Inferior of 1515 the colligiisque sororum tercii habitus seu de paenitentia sancti Dominici ("associations of the sisters according to the third way of life or of the penance of St. Dominic").

The first changes to the rule were made in 1923. The relationship between the individual branches of the order was redefined in the middle of the 20th century. In this context, the sisters and brothers of the third order were given greater freedom and personal responsibility. Since then, the names are no longer the first, second and third order, but are all referred to as brothers (on the one hand the clergy , on the other hand the lay people), nuns or religious sisters as well as "secular lay people ", all of them see themselves as branches of the "Dominican family" .

1985, the first International Congress of the Dominican lay communities in place Montreal ( Canada ) instead. The rule of secular lay people has been revised and renewed, and regional and global meetings have been introduced at various levels. The 2004 meeting of the Council of Europe (ECLDF) of the Dominican Community in Walberberg near Cologne was particularly important for the German area . In 2007 the second International Congress of the Dominican Community met in Buenos Aires ( Argentina ).

There are different estimates of the number: 1928: 90,000; 1936: 100,000, 1966: 130,000, 2008: 144,000, 2015: more than 150,000 members (105,000 lay Dominicans live in Vietnam alone); for Germany 2015: North German Order Province Teutonia 150 lay people (in fourteen communities), in the South German-Austrian Province 55 members (six groups and nine individual members).

Holy and Blessed Members of the Third Order

Holy Terciaren were Catherine of Siena , Rosa of Lima , Zdislava of Lämberg , Katharina of Ricci , Martin of Porres , Louis-Marie Grignion de Montfort and Johannes Macias ; as Blessed be Albert of Bergamo , Stephana Quinzan , Magdalena Panatieri , Osanna of Mantua , Marie Poussepin , Bartolo Longo , Lorenzo Ruiz of Manila , Zephyrinus Giménez Malla , Dominic Pham Trong Kham and Pier Giorgio Frassati revered.

Personalities

Well-known lay dominicans: Dante Alighieri , Niklas Koppernigk sen. , Claudia Felizitas of Austria-Tyrol , Sigrid Undset , Arnold Janssen , Matthias Eberhard , Benedikt XV. , Martin Grabmann , Friedrich Christian von Sachsen , Liane de Pougy , Margarete Sommer , Pier Giorgio Frassati , Jane Wyman , Aldo Moro , Hanna Renate Laurien , Thomas Lemmen and Melanie Miehl .

organization

The lay Dominicans are networked around the world and divided into provinces . A province consists of local groups ("fraternities"), although there can be several groups in one place. There are two provinces in Germany: the north German “Teutonia” and the south German-Austrian “Province of St. Albert ".

In the "Province of Teutonia" there are groups in the following places or dioceses:

In the “Province of St. Albert "there are groups or individual members in the following places or dioceses:

literature

  • Klaus Bornewasser: Dominicans “in the world”. In: Thomas Eggensperger, Ulrich Engel (ed.): Women and men in the Dominican order - history - spirituality - current projects. Mainz 1992.
  • Klaus Bornewasser: Lay Dominicans - Worldwide . In: contact. Gift of friend of the Dominicans of the Province of Teutonia 2015, 78–80.
  • Burkhardt Conrad: The other preachers. The Dominican Community as part of the Ordo Praedicatorum. In: Ordenskorrespondenz - magazine for questions of religious life. Vol. 52/2011, No. 2, 133-142.
  • Melanie Delpech: Dominican laypeople - a branch of the Dominican order . In: T. Brogl, ed., Order of the Predigerbrüder. The Dominicans in Southern Germany and Austria , Vienna 2017, 50–59.
  • Thomas Eggensperger, Ulrich Engel: Dominicans. History and spirituality. Kevelaer 2010.
  • Thomas Eggensperger: Promise party at the Chenu Institute. In: kontakt 2013, 70–71.
  • Ulrich Engel (Ed.): Dominican Spirituality. Leipzig 2000, ISBN 3746213584 (DQZ vol. 1).
  • William A. Hinnebusch: Small history of the Dominican order. Leipzig 2004.
  • Till Hötzel: Sermon is a family matter . Reflections on the Dominican lay community , In: Geist und Leben 89 Jhrg., 2016-1, 14-20.
  • Gabriele Neu-Yilik: Questions of style . Some reflections (not only) on the lay people in the order of the preachers . In: W. Hoyer, ed., God praise, bless, proclaim. 75 years of the Dominican Province of St. Albert in Southern Germany and Austria , Freiburg 2014, 216–249.
  • Klaus-Bernward Springer: Sermon in the world. About the history of the Dominican lay people . In: contact. Gift of friend of the Dominicans of the Province of Teutonia 2014, 17–20.
  • Johannes Weise (ed.): Everyone is a word of God for the other. Basic texts of the Dominican lay communities. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 9783746227641 (Dominican sources and testimonials vol. 13).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Innocent VII. , Bulle Sedis Apostolice providentia , in: Ripoll and Bremond, Bullarium Ordinis Praedicatorum , Vol. 2 (1281-1430), pp. 473-476 No. 3, here 473.
  2. ↑ Cf. Z. Roche Ferreira: A Brief History of the European Council of Dominican Lay Communities. In: Johannes Weise (ed.): Everyone is a word of God for the other. Basic texts of the Dominican lay community. Leipzig 2009, 18–33, 19.
  3. ↑ Cf. Z. Roche Ferreira: A Brief History of the European Council of Dominican Lay Communities . In: Johannes Weise (ed.): Everyone is a word of God for the other. Basic texts of the Dominican lay community. , Leipzig 2009, 18–33, 20; J.-B. Dousse: The Dominican lay communities before and after the Second Vatican Council. In: Johannes Weise (ed.): Everyone is a word of God for the other. Basic texts of the Dominican lay community . Leipzig 2009, 34–52, 42; B. Conrad, The Other Preachers. The Dominican lay community as part of the Ordo Praedicatorum. In: Ordenskorrespondenz Vol. 52/2011, No. 2, pp. 133–142, 134.
  4. ↑ Cf. William A. Hinnebusch: Little History of the Dominican Order , Leipzig 2004, 209, 243.
  5. ↑ Vincent de Couesnongle: The Laity. Just an appendage or an organic part of the Dominican family? In: The Rule and Directory of Lay Communities in the Order of St. Dominic . Ordensprovinz Teutonia, manuscript Düsseldorf n.d. 1989, 22–33 cited from: Thomas Eggensperger, Ulrich Engel: Dominikanerinnen und Dominikaner. History and spirituality . Kevelaer 2010, 198-202, 200.
  6. ↑ K.-B. Springer: Sermon in the world. About the history of the Dominican lay people . In: contact. Gift of the Dominicans of the Province of Teutonia 2014, 17–20, 18.
  7. ^ Bede Jarret, Ferdinand Heckmann, Benedict Zimmerman, Livarius Oliger, Odoric Jouve, Lawrence Hess, and John Doyle., Third Orders , in The Catholic Encyclopedia , Vol. 14, New York, Robert Appleton Company, 1912
  8. ↑ Gardner, Maiju, Writing Religious Rules as an Interactive Process: Dominican Penitent Women and the Making of Their Regula , in: Speculum 79 (2004), 660-687
  9. ↑ K.-B. Springer: Sermon in the world. About the history of the Dominican lay people . In: contact. Gift of the Dominicans of the Province of Teutonia 2014, 17–20, 19.
  10. ↑ Cf. K.-B. Springer: Sermon in the world. About the history of the Dominican lay people. In: contact. Gift of the Dominicans of the Province of Teutonia 2014, 17–20, 19.
  11. ↑ habitus : "Way of life, life according to the rules of the order" (JF Niermeyer & C. van die Kieft: Mediae latinitatis lexicon minus, revised by JWJ Burgers. A - L. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2nd edition, Darmstadt 2002.)
  12. ↑ Start page ( Memento from April 10, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  13. ↑ Act of the General Chapter of Avila 1986, No. 2a, in: J. Weise, ed., Everyone is a word of God for the other. Basic texts of the Dominican lay communities, Leipzig 2009, 258; So also the so-called "General Declarations on the Rule of the Dominican Lay Communities, No. 1, 7, in: J. Weise, ed., Everyone is a word of God for the other. Basic texts of the Dominican lay communities , Leipzig 2009, 208-209; see above also in the report of the master of the order at the general chapter of Mexico 1992, in: J. Weise, ed., Everyone is a word of God for the other. Basic texts of the Dominican lay communities , Leipzig 2009, 272; Fundamental Constitutions of the Brothers of the Order of Preachers, § IX, in : J. Weise (ed.), Everyone is a word of God for the other. Basic texts of the Dominican lay communities , Leipzig 2009, 195.
  14. ^ Klaus Bornewasser: Lay Dominicans - Worldwide . In: contact. Gift of the Dominicans of the Province of Teutonia 2015, 78–80, 79.
  15. ↑ K.-B. Springer: Sermon in the world. About the history of the Dominican lay people . In: contact. Gift of the Dominicans of the Province of Teutonia 2014, 17–20, 19
  16. ↑ William A. Hinnebusch: A Short History of the Dominican Order , Leipzig 2004, 215th
  17. ↑ Thomas Eggensperger, Ulrich Engel: Dominikanerinnen und Dominikaner. History and Spirituality , Kevelaer 2010, 236.
  18. ^ Klaus Bornewasser: Lay Dominicans - Worldwide . In: contact. Gift of friend of the Dominicans of the province of Teutonia 2015, 78–80, 78; David M. Kammler OP: Dress-Code: layperson in the order of preachers , in: kontakt 2012, 97–99, 97
  19. ^ K. Bornewasser: Lay Dominicans - Worldwide. In: contact. Gift of friend of the Dominicans of the province of Teutonia 2015, 78–80, 79; G. New Yilik, Style Issues . Some reflections (not only) on the laity in the preaching order , in: W. Hoyer (Ed.): God praise, bless, proclaim. 75 years of the Dominican Province of St. Albert in Southern Germany and Austria , Freiburg 2014, 216–249, 230
  20. ^ Klaus Bornewasser: Lay Dominicans - Worldwide , in: contact. Gift of friend of the Dominicans of the province of Teutonia 2015, 78–80, 78; for 2012 Hartmann names 183 members and 13 communities cf. Christine Hartmann, Madam President, the Woorsch!… In: contact. Gift of the Dominicans of the Province of Teutonia 2012, 68-69. 68; In 1980 there were 650 people cf. Klaus Bornewasser: Lay Dominicans - Worldwide , in: contact. Gift of friend of the Dominicans of the province of Teutonia 2015, 78–80, 78; Klaus Bornewasser: Dominicans “in the world” , in: Thomas Eggensperger, Ulrich Engel (Ed.): Women and Men in the Dominican Order - History - Spirituality - Current Projects , Mainz 1992, 194–199, 196.
  21. ↑ G. New Yılık: questions of style. Some reflections (not only) on the lay people in the order of the preachers . In: W. Hoyer (Ed.), God praise, bless, proclaim. 75 years of the Dominican Province of St. Albert in Southern Germany and Austria , Freiburg 2014, 216–249, 218–219.
  22. ↑ laiendominikaner.de ( Memento of the original from July 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed November 21, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.laiendominikaner.de
  23. ↑ [1]
  24. ↑ [2]
  25. ↑ Archive link ( Memento from February 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  26. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from March 2, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / laien.dominikaner-hamburg.de
  27. ↑ [3]
  28. ↑ Archive link ( Memento from February 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  29. ↑ dominican-laien.de , accessed on November 21, 2015
  30. ↑ http://dominikanische-laien.de/?page_id=103
  31. ↑ http://www.dominikanerinnen-bamberg.de/
  32. ↑ http://dominikanische-laien.de/?page_id=103
  33. ↑ [4]
  34. ↑ http://mj.graz-seckau.at/pfarrleben-angebote/angebote-der-pfarren/dominorien-laiengemeinschaft#.VMPFJGSG9w0
  35. ↑ http://stadtkirche-heidelberg.de/html/laiendominikaner418.html
  36. ↑ http://dominikanische-laien.de/?page_id=103
  37. ↑ http://dominikanische-laien.de/?p=1871
  38. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from March 12, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / dominikanerinnen-in-ll.webs.com
  39. ↑ http://www.theatinerkirche.de/index.php?cID=22
  40. ↑ http://www.bistum-regensburg.de/bistum/einrichtungen-az/dominorien-laiengemeinschaft/ ; http://www.heilig-kreuz.org/german/pdf/3op-Info.pdf
  41. ↑ Anne Dominique Knichelmann, Katya Sweet, "preaching has many faces." In: contact. Gift of friend of the Dominicans of the Province of Teutonia 2015, 81–83.
  42. ↑ http://www.institut-st-dominikus.de/Dominikusgruppe/Dominikusgruppe.htm
  43. ↑ http://dominikanische-laien.de/?p=554
  44. ↑ http://www.dominikanerinnen.at/konvent/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=47:dominikanische-laiengemeinschaft-noviziatsaufnahme&catid=1:aktuelles&Itemid=26
  45. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from December 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive )