Rochwitz

Rochwitz District of the state capital Dresden Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 0 ″  N , 13 ° 50 ′ 48 ″  E
Height :	205–285 m above sea level NN
Incorporation :	April 1, 1921
Postal code :	01326
Area code :	0351
Location of the Rochwitz district in Dresden

Rochwitz is a district in the east of the Saxon capital Dresden . It is located in the district of the same name , which largely belongs to the Loschwitz district.

geography

Rochwitz is located 6 km east of Dresden city center, the inner old town , at the western end of the Schönfeld highlands . The corridors of Rochwitz reach in the west up to the Dresden Elbe slopes , which lead to the Elbe valley basin. In the north Rochwitz is bounded by the Loschwitzgrund , in the south by the Wachwitzgrund . There is no natural border to the northeast, where the highlands continue towards Quohren . Adjacent districts are the other Dresden districts of Bühlau in the northeast and north, Loschwitz in the northwest and Wachwitz in the southwest. With Pappritz in the southeast and Gönnsdorf in the east, two districts of the Dresden town of Schönfeld-Weißig are also adjacent. The Rochwitz district essentially belongs to the statistical district of Bühlau / Weißer Hirsch .

Village center Altrochwitz

The Rochwitz district itself is divided into three parts. In the oldest part, also known as Oberrochwitz, the center of Altrochwitz is located at an altitude of about 270  m above sea level. NN in a meadow hollow sunk flat into the surrounding area, which gains in depth towards Wachwitzgrund. Some of the homesteads of this old village have survived to this day. Niederrochwitz is located in the middle section of the Loschwitzgrund. Neurochwitz, on the other hand, is located in the far west of the district, between Neurochwitzer Grund and Wachwitzer Elbhang. The remains of the Rochwitzer Tännicht, a coniferous forest known as the Rochwitzer Busch, which was partly cleared in the 19th century, stretch between Ober- and Neurochwitz . Large parts of Rochwitz have the character of a settlement. The most important street in the district is Grundstrasse, Staatsstrasse 167. It connects the Blue Wonder in Loschwitz via Niederrochwitz with Bundesstrasse 6 in Bühlau. Tännichtstrasse branches off from it in Nieder- to Oberrochwitz. The main streets there are Krügerstrasse and Hutbergstrasse. Wachbergstrasse is the main street in Neurochwitz. The bus route 84 of the Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe leads from Bühlau via Oberrochwitz, Niederrochwitz and Loschwitz to Schillerplatz in Blasewitz. Line 309 also operates in Rochwitz.

history

The village of Rochwitz was first mentioned in 1378 as Rochewicz / Rochewitz . This name probably goes back to the name of a Slavic locator and thus means village of Roch . According to another theory, the place name originated from the Sorbian word hroch (German: pea ) and is accordingly called Erbsendorf . Rochwitz is a street green village with block and striped corridors , whose old town center in the form of Altrochwitz has been partially preserved to this day. Mentions as Rechewitz and Rachwitz date from the early 16th century . For the first time the current place name is documented for the year 1526.

Around 1463 the village and the surrounding corridors were owned by the Dresden bourgeois family Kundig. The manor Helfenberg was responsible for the jurisdiction . In the 16th century it belonged to the respected noble family Karras from Electoral Saxony , a branch of which sat in the castle in nearby Schönfeld . The manor Gönnsdorf finally exercised the manorial rule in the village of Rochwitz from 1609 to 1839 , which meanwhile belonged administratively to the office or to the administrative authority of Dresden .

Around the middle of the 16th century, a few houses were built 1 km northwest of the Rochwitz village center in the middle Loschwitzgrund, which also belongs to Rochwitz. From then on, a distinction was made between the older Oberrochwitz and the new Niederrochwitz located on today's Grundstrasse, with the center always remaining in Oberrochwitz. Niederrochwitz is home to the historic Zur Eule inn , which, like Rochwitz itself, was first mentioned in 1378, is one of the oldest still existing inns in Saxony. One of the regular guests of the half-timbered building , which is decorated with inscriptions on the facade, was the painter Ludwig Richter .

Rochwitz and its neighboring villages on a map from 1821

Tännicht, an old manor forest and hunting area of Wettin princes, located on the Rochwitzer Flur , was assigned to the Saxon state forest and the Pillnitz district in 1832 . When the farming village of Quohren and Bühlau formed a rural community in 1839 , another more important place arose directly north of Rochwitz next to Loschwitz. A major fire in the village in 1869 destroyed large parts of the old village center of Oberrochwitz; only eight farmsteads remained, the rest had to be rebuilt. The manor buildings in the north-west of Altrochwitz were particularly hard hit by the fire. A little outside the village center, the Oberrochwitzer Gasthof was built on what is now Hutbergstrasse, and in 1898 it was given a large ballroom.

As the third district after Ober- and Niederrochwitz, the Neurochwitz settlement was built at the beginning of the 1880s, located near the Elbe slope in the west of the district. In July 1881 the brothers Karl and Gustav Pietzsch, two master bricklayers working in Rochwitz , acquired a large parcel of land and developed new roads, including the Zweibrüderweg, which is now named after them in 1882. Then settlers built several houses. The name Cameroon has also been passed down for this settlement, which alludes to its remote location in the Rochwitz bush. Finally, in 1893, the newly opened Neurochwitz inn took over the name of what was then a colony of the German Empire .

Initially Rochwitz was parish in Schönfeld. The Rochwitz children also attended the Schönfeld church school. In 1882, the Rochwitz community built its own school building on Hutbergstrasse, which was demolished in 2016 and replaced by a new building. Since February 2018, children have been learning again in Rochwitz. Rochwitz has belonged to the church of Bühlau since 1898, which is why the cemetery there is also a joint memorial for those who died in both places in the First World War . On April 1, 1921 Rochwitz was together with the neighboring resorts Buehlau, Loschwitz and Weisser Hirsch according incorporated Dresden and since then makes up a part of the state capital.

In the 1920s and 1930s, further small house settlements arose in Rochwitz, including the Oberrochwitz settlement on Zaschendorfer, Malschendorfer and Krieschendorfer Strasse, which was built in 1936 on a plot of land acquired by the Landessiedlungsgenossenschaft Sachsen. The destruction of Dresden brought about by the Allies in 1945 Rochwitz survived unscathed; The later writer Volker Braun also stayed in the air raid shelters in the district . Bühlauer LPG kept poultry in Rochwitz from the 1970s and also ran market gardens here. To the present day Rochwitz has mainly remained a residential district.

Population development

year Residents 1552 12 possessed men , 8 residents 1764 14 possessed men, 7 gardeners , 12 cottagers 1834 244 1871 338 1890 552 1910 1230

Personalities

Erich Schneider (1892–1979), church musician, conductor, choir director and cathedral choirmaster

See also

• List of cultural monuments in Rochwitz

Individual evidence

1. ^ Rochwitz on dresden-lexikon.de
2. ↑ Statistics & Geodata - Loschwitz Local Office on dresden.de ( Memento from November 23, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
3. ↑ Dresden line network. (PDF file, 0.6 MB) Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe, January 3, 2017, accessed on January 8, 2018 ( schedule overview ). 
4. ^ ^{A b} Rochwitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
5. ↑ Gasthaus "Zur Eule" , dresdner-stadtteile.de
6. ^ Streets and squares in Rochwitz , dresdner-stadtteile.de (with several mentions of "Cameroon")
7. ↑ Dresden-Bühlau, Saxony , online project fallen memorials
8. ↑ Michael Braun: I state enemy wishing good power: New poems by Volker Braun , in: Der Tagesspiegel , March 16, 2005.
9. ↑ STADTLEXIKON Dresden AZ, Verlag der Kunst Dresden 1998, ISBN 3-364-00304-1 , p. 352

Web links

Commons : Rochwitz  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Dresden-Rochwitz , Rochwitz circuit
• Rochwitz
• Rochwitz district
• Rochwitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony