Kauscha

Kauscha District of the state capital Dresden Coordinates: 50 ° 59 ′ 33 ″  N , 13 ° 46 ′ 40 ″  E
Height :	175 m above sea level NN
Incorporation :	April 1, 1959
Incorporated into:	Goppeln
Postal code :	01239
Area code :	0351
Location of the Kauscha district in Dresden

Kauscha is a district in the southeast of the Saxon state capital Dresden . It is located in the suburbs of the same district , which to the municipality Prohlis heard and is not in a the only 1,999 turned my deterministic to Dresden district town . In Kauscha, which is more like a village, and in its corridors, a remarkable number of both Cretaceous fossils and prehistoric traces of human settlement were found.

geography

Natural monument of the common oak Kauscha in the village center

Kauscha is 6 km southeast of Dresden city center, the inner old town , on the valley of the Geberbach and a little above its entrance to the Elbe valley . Adjacent districts are the other Dresden districts Leubnitz-Neuostra and Prohlis in the north, Nickern in the east, the Kreischa district Sobrigau in the south and the Bannewitz district Goppeln in the west. The district of Kauscha belongs to the statistical district of Lockwitz .

The town center is named after a single tree that characterizes the town and is a natural monument and is located at an altitude of 175  m above sea level. NN . Some of his farms, some of which were built in the 18th century, have been preserved to this day, as has the village character of the largely undeveloped Kauschaer Flur. A 2.45 hectare industrial area is being built on the edge of the village. Next to the old Fritz-Meinhardt-Straße, the most important street in the district is Tschirnhausstraße, Staatsstraße 191 . It connects the Prohlis district and the state road 172 there as a feeder road with the Dresden-Prohlis junction between Kauscha and Goppeln on the A 17 and with the federal road 170 .

The Kauscha dam has been located directly southwest of the town center since 1985 . The reservoir , which also serves as a flood retention basin for the Geberbach, is bridged roughly in the middle by Autobahn 17.

The 185 m high Gamighübel, a granodiorite dome in the midst of Cretaceous deposits, is located northwest of the town center on the corridor border to Leubnitz-Neuostra. As a result of many, even by the geologists Hanns Bruno Geinitz described fossils found in the outcrops were 2.2 hectares of its flat slopes as a natural monument ND79 reported. Another important find spot of Cretaceous fauna was the construction site of Autobahn 17 in the southeast of Kauscha, which was cut into the terrain between the Gebergrund and the Lockwitztal Bridge . During the construction work between 2002 and 2004, fossils from the Unterturon repeatedly came to light.

history

Kauscha is one of the oldest populated places in Dresden. People were already living here in the Early Bronze Age , which is confirmed by various finds from excavations that were carried out in 1997 before the motorway was built. The discovered pieces of jewelery and ceramic shards can be assigned to the Aunjetitz culture and are therefore around 4000 years old. Further finds date from 1200 BC. And date from the Middle Bronze Age . These are also settlement remains, consisting of ceramics, stone tools and the clay weight of a loom. As early as 1906, late Bronze Age foot rings and a sickle were recovered southeast of today's location . To the north of Kauscha is an early Iron Age burial ground.

The Hungerburg, an early German rampart with a manor, stood to the south-east and a little outside of the village on a hill protruding into the Gebergrund. The mainly ceramic remains of the settlement found here date from the late 11th century and thus from the time of the German colonization in the east .

Kauscha and its neighboring villages on a map from the 19th century

Kauscha itself was built around the same time as a Rundling and was equipped with a block corridor. The place name is of Sorbian origin and is derived from Chudosch, the name of a locator . Accordingly, Kauscha means place of the Chudosch . It was first mentioned as Cudeschowe in 1288 . The place name then developed in the 14th and 15th centuries via the Slavic forms Kudeschowe , Kudisschowe , Kudischaw and Kaudischow to today's name Kauscha, first mentioned in 1524. In the further course of the 16th century the forms Caudisch , Kauß , Kauschie and Kudischa appeared.

At first, Kauscha was in possession of various goods, such as the manors Borthen and Niederlockwitz and the Leubnitz monastery , which in turn was subordinate to the Altzella monastery. After the Reformation , the Prokuraturamt in Leubnitz became the administrator of the former property of the Catholic Church. Since then, Kauscha has also been a parish after Leubnitz. Administratively it belonged to the office or to the administrative authority of Dresden . In 1548, a document differentiated between the Rundling Großkauscha, located to the left of the Geberbach, and the Kleinkauscha, consisting of two farms, to the right of the creek.

During the Battle of Dresden , the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III. and his staff their headquarters in Kauscha. In October 1813 the village was partially destroyed by cannon fire from the French under Napoleon, who had retreated towards Leipzig and had been victorious a few weeks earlier . An inscription on a building in Kauscha reminds of the shelling and the ensuing capture of Kauscha by Russian troops .

On April 23, 1898 villagers planted on the Kauschaer village square on the occasion of the 70th birthday and the 25th jubilee of the popular King Albert an English oak . The crown of the tree now has a diameter of 35 m, the trunk circumference is 5.10 m and the height is around 25 m. This makes it the largest specimen of all Alberteiche ponds planted at the time. The pedunculate oak Kauscha has been designated as a natural monument ND80 since 1957.

Alongside fruit growing, agriculture was the most important source of income for the local farmers. In addition, a lime kiln and several quarries were operated in which Dohna granodiorite was mined. During the GDR , mainly vegetables and hops were grown in Kauscha .

Kauscha remained independent until after the Second World War . It was not incorporated into Goppeln until 1956 , with which Bannewitz came back in 1996 . Just three years later, Kauscha was outsourced from Bannewitz and incorporated into Dresden . The reason for this rather rare decision to separate a district from a proven local or community structure was the location of Kauscha, which was the only Bannewitz district north of Autobahn 17, which was already under construction at the time, and which would have isolated the village from the rest of the community.

Population development

year Residents 1551/57 11 possessed men , 1 house owner , 23 residents 1764 12 possessed man 1834 77 1871 119 1890 112 1910 123 1925 134 1939 109 1946 167

See also

• List of cultural monuments in Kauscha
• List of streets and squares in Kauscha

Individual evidence

1. ↑ dresden-lexikon.de
2. ↑ dresden.de (PDF; 365 kB)
3. ↑ dresden.de ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
4. ↑ ^{a b c} lockwitz-intern.de
5. ↑ seen.de
6. ↑ dresden.de (PDF; 155 kB)
7. ↑ dresdner-stadtteile.de
8. ↑ kreidefossilien.de
9. ↑ dresdner-stadtteile.de
10. ↑ Christa Stahl: Central European Amber Finds from the Early Bronze Age to the Early La Tène Era ... , Volume 9 of Würzburger Studies on Language & Culture, Dettelbach 2006, page 62, books.google.de , accessed December 16, 2013
11. ↑ ^{a b} dresden-und-sachsen.de
12. ↑ ^{a b} Kauscha in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
13. ↑ kai-tempel.de ( Memento of the original from October 11, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
14. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: amkischfeld.de
15. ↑ Dresden Latest News , p. 16, April 21, 2008

Web links

Commons : Kauscha  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Districts Nickern and Kauscha
• District of Kauscha
• Kauscha in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
• Homepage of Kai Tempel