Motorway feeder

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The A1H motorway slip road in the west of Zurich

A motorway feeder is a road that is used almost exclusively as a connection between a motorway and the subordinate road network (e.g. federal road or main road ) and which joins the motorway via a junction . Roads that cross a motorway without any elevation and thereby form a junction are not a motorway feeder in the true sense of the word, although they are often referred to as such. In urban areas, the functions are mixed, so arterial roads (including the radial highways) are consistently also the feeders to the motorway rings that distribute long-distance traffic.

In Germany, motorway slip roads often branch off from federal highways. You then have the status of a federal highway yourself and receive your own number, which is formed by adding letters to the number of the original federal highway, e.g. B. B 39a from B 39 . In Switzerland, most of the motorway feeder roads, mainly main roads or motorways , do not have their own number in contrast to the usual main roads ; the feeders of motorways, which are national roads , are also part of the national road network until they are connected to the cantonal road network . In Austria, motorway slip roads are part of the motorway (including all traffic regulations) and are given ramp kilometers unless they are well-developed state and municipal roads.

The direct and fast connection to the motorway network is of great importance for the economy of a city or region. Local business associations such as chambers of industry and commerce or even individual companies therefore often advocate the construction of feeders.

The other application is for structural reasons, for example if the connected road and the motorway do not intersect, or if no junction is possible at the intersection due to the development or the terrain. Special examples include:

  • the junction junction Pongau / Bischofshofen (Exit 47) of the A 10 in an alpine valley, an approximately 7 km long 2 × 2-lane feeder that overcomes 100 meters of altitude and turns  into a trunk road (also serves as a bypass , 47 ° 26 ′ 18 ″  N , 13 ° 13 '24 ″  E , with its own half-connection St. Rupert ), whereby the connection in one direction is itself another 1 km long feeder. The country road does not cross the motorway.
  • the connection point Seewalchen of A 1 (Exit 234) in which the 2-km long motorway feeder (A1 234 R2 / 3, over long ramp) in the form of an indirect trumpet overcomes two serpentine about 50 vertical meters (and a road maintenance and Autobahnpolizei also binds; 47 ° 57 ′ 17 ″  N , 13 ° 35 ′ 39 ″  E ), the connected overland road is spanned 1 km to the east with a valley viaduct.
  • With the A 573 and the A 571, Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler has two motorway slip roads between the B 266 and the A 61 . Since the B 266 and A 61 cross directly over the Ahr , a junction there would only be structurally feasible with great effort. A western and an eastern feeder serve as a substitute, both of which have been given a number as a federal motorway and are therefore among the shortest in Germany.

Similar to the feeder are parallel, non-exclusive motorways ; they are called Frontage Roads .