Cossebaude (district)

Cossebaude District of the state capital Dresden Coordinates: 51 ° 5 ′ 6 ″  N , 13 ° 37 ′ 38 ″  E
Height :	110  (103-230)  m
Area :	2.81 km²
Incorporation :	July 1, 1997
Postal code :	01156
Area code :	0351
Location of the Cossebaude district in Dresden

Cossebaude is a district in the west of the Saxon capital Dresden . Together with the neighboring districts of Gohlis , Neu-Leuteritz and Niederwartha , it forms the village of the same name . Cossebaude is located in the Elbe valley on federal road 6 across from Radebeul on the edge of the left Elbe valleys .

location

Administrative seat of the village of Cossebaude

“Costebaude” and its neighboring villages on a map from 1821

The district of Cossebaude is 9 km northwest of Dresden city center, the inner old town , on the left side of the Elbe. The bulk of the local situation here is located in Dresden Basin , smaller parts are also taking place to Meissner highlands called Lösshochfläche up. The Neu-Leuteritz district is located on the Elbe slope there, also in the corridor of the Cossebaude district . Adjacent districts are the other Cossebauder districts Nieder- and Obergohlis in the east and north and Niederwartha in the north-west. In the west, Cossebaude borders on Oberwartha and in the south on the Mobschatz districts of Brabschütz , Alt-Leuteritz and Mobschatz . Contrary to popular belief, Cossebaude is not located directly on the banks of the Elbe , but is separated from the river by Niedergohliser corridors. The district of Cossebaude is part of the Dresden statistical district of Cossebaude / Mobschatz / Oberwartha . The partially preserved historical town center of Cossebaud is at an altitude of 120  m above sea level. NN at the exit of the Lotzebachtal and is traversed by the Lotzebach .

traffic

Cossebaude is on federal highway 6 . The Cossebaude station is on the Berlin – Dresden railway line . Until 1990, Cossebaude was connected to the Dresden tram network via the Cotta – Cossebaude suburban railway, which opened in 1906 . It was the last line that was served exclusively with Gothawagen . Today the city ​​bus route 75 runs here. Cossebaude is also connected to the regional bus service.

Educational institutions

primary school

There are two schools in Cossebaude. The students at the Cossebaude primary school , which is located in an old building near the train station, come from the surrounding area. In contrast, the Cossebaude secondary school is located in a new building from the GDR era of the Dresden Atrium type . The students come from Cossebauder, Mobschatzer and Gompitzer districts as well as from Oberwartha, the district of Cotta , Gauernitz or even Meißen . Maintaining student numbers has been difficult year after year.

history

Stone ax finds near the local Lochmühle attest to the settlement of this area as early as 8000 BC. During the time of the Great Migration , Slavs settled here.

In the year 1071 Cossebaude is said to have been mentioned for the first time in the so-called Benno document, named after the Meißner Bishop Benno , as "Gozebudi", but this is doubted today. This forgery is related to other, likewise bogus documents, made for the year 1091 and for the year 1068. All forgeries served to confirm the ownership claims of the Meissen Monastery in 1144 by King Conrad III. The papal document of February 27, 1140 from Pope Innocent II, which has only been handed down by the Meissen Monastery, is also not free from allegations of forgery. All these documents are related to the developments from 1142/43 in Gau Nisan , which resulted in a race for rule in this region, in which from 1142 next to the diocese of Meißen and the Duchy of Bohemia , the German king and from 1143 also the Margraves of Meissen were involved. Cossebaude was therefore first mentioned as Cozebude in the document of Pope Innocent II on February 27, 1140 , although there are justified doubts here as well. There is no doubt that it was mentioned in the royal document from 1144. According to this document, the place was under the rule of the Meissen Monastery.

Like Cospuden and Kospoth , the toponym of Cossebaude goes back to the Old Sorbian “Kosobudy” and could mean “settlement of the people who prick (the earth) with scythes” or “settlement of the people who impale blackbirds”. A derivation from "koza" (goat) is out of the question. Since the place name was no longer intelligible, it was adjusted over time to similar sounding words in German, including "cost" and "Baude" (hut, Bude).

The protected southern hillside location in Cossebaude promoted viticulture very quickly . As early as 1269, the "Liebe Ecke" was named a vineyard. In 1604 the village came into the possession of the Württemberg secret councilor Dr. Aichmann, who modernized viticulture in the area; In 1619 Cossebaude fell to the Saxon elector . Has an important role Cossebaude in the last years of the Thirty Years' War to: After still 1,640 Swedish soldiers raided the town and devastated, in Cossebaude the first peace negotiations between found 1645 Saxony and Sweden at the inn "Black Bear" took place in the opposite Kötzschenbroda continued and ended there.

Bismarck tower Cossebaude

From 1715 to 1760 lived the "learned farmer of Cossebaude", Johann (es) Ludewig , who autodidactically acquired a great deal of knowledge, especially in mathematics and astronomy. B. could predict exactly a solar eclipse.

The year 1891 brought a radical change in viticulture: The phylloxera introduced from France destroyed a large part of the vines in Cossebaude. Alternatively, fruit trees are planted on the cleared areas. Its heyday brought the place to the center of the 20th century regularly in spring streams of visitors from Dresden and the region to the "Cossebauder Baumblut". Erna Berger was born in 1900 in the building of the Cossebauder train station. She later achieved world fame as a singer. At the beginning of the 20th century, Viktor Teschendorff, who came from Königsberg, founded a tree nursery that gained worldwide recognition for its rose cultivation. One of Viktor Teschendorff's grandsons is the conductor Hartmut Haenchen, who grew up in Cossebaude .

The Osterberg served according to legend, in ancient times as a meeting place of the Germans at Easter time, hence the origin of the name. Around 1890, a neo-Gothic castle that was visible from afar was built on the Osterberg, as well as an excursion restaurant, which was used for company holiday camps in the 1950s.

In 1913 the Cossebauder Bismarck Tower was built on the Herrenkuppe ; In 1927 the construction of the Niederwartha pumped storage plant, the world's first power plant of its kind, begins. The associated lower basin lies partly on the Cossebauder Flur and has been known in a large region as the Cossebaude reservoir since the plant opened in 1929.

In 1970 the Cossebaude district was expanded to include the northern part of the Leuteritz district, known as Neu-Leuteritz . Since then Neu-Leuteritz has been part of the village of Cossebaude. Four years later, the neighboring towns of Gohlis and Niederwartha were incorporated . In January 1994 Oberwartha came to the municipality of Cossebaude, but received the status of a locality . On July 1, 1997, Cossebaude was incorporated into Dresden as part of the village of the same name together with Niederwartha and Gohlis and the village of Oberwartha.

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  Protestant church

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  New Apostolic Church

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  View from the Neu-Leuteritz district of Cossebaud into the Elbe Valley

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  White Castle factory owner's villa

Cultural monuments

→ Main article : List of cultural monuments in Cossebaude

Population development

year Residents 1607 16 possessed men , 9 gardeners , 4 cottagers 1764 17 possessed men, 10 gardeners, 32 cottagers 1834 465 1871 663 1890 1,222 1910 2,887 1925 3,219 1939 3,520 1946 4,256 1950 4,225 1964 3,830 1990 ¹ 4,200 2002² see Cossebaude (locality)

¹ with Neu-Leuteritz

² with Neu-Leuteritz, Gohlis and Niederwartha

Personalities

• Johann Ludewig (1715–1760), farmer, “farmer astronomer” and tax collector, lived in Cossebaude
• Ernst Schulze (1855–1932), master carpenter, member of the German Reichstag
• Erna Berger (1900–1990), opera singer
• Wolfram Brockmeier (1903–1945), National Socialist poet
• Hans Göldner (1928–2020), engineer and university professor
• Joachim Goldbach (1929–2008), Colonel General, Deputy to the GDR Minister for National Defense

Trivia

According to the legend "The unfortunate shoe throwing in Cossebaude", the meanwhile outdated custom of shoe throwing was carried out by several servants in the village of Cossebaude on September 10, 1655 , in which a maid stooped with fatal consequences for a bread knife that she carried on her breast , struck the heart.

literature

• Cornelius Gurlitt : Cossebaude. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 24. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Dresden-Altstadt (Land) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1904, p. 21.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cossebaude locality. In: dresden-lexikon.de. Retrieved December 24, 2017 . 
2. ↑ Statistics for the localities of Cossebaude, Mobschatz and Oberwartha. In: dresden.de. State capital Dresden, accessed on October 31, 2019 . 
3. ^ Cossebaude. In: dresdner-stadtteile.de. Retrieved December 24, 2017 . 
4. ↑ Haec Benno decimus Misinensis ecclesiae episcopus scripsit et sigilli sui impressione signatum corroboravit. Ista sunt nomina villarum, quas Bor et filii eius in concambium dederunt Wighardus et Liuthegerus Misinensis ecclesiae sine werra et omni contradictione: Gozebudi, Oicice, Grodice, Cinici, Luderuwice. CDS II 1, No. 32, p. 37 ; Luderuwice is absent from No. 32 B.
5. ↑ This document was made out by two scribes, No. 32 A and No. 32 B. Both documents have double additions, added by two other hands, the form of the document is that of a protocol, the type of writing is only in the 12th Century, while the forgery itself was terminated to 1071, when Henry IV was staying in Meissen.
6. ↑ sex villas, unam in provincia Nisani in burgwardo Wosice, que vocatur Mocozice, quinque in regione Milce, quatuor ex his in burgwardo Schizani, quintam Posarice vocitatam Misinensi aecclesiae in proprium tradidimus. In: CDS IA 1, No. 166 , allegedly issued on May 17, 1091 in Mantua (Italy).
7. ↑ CDS II 1, No. 29 allegedly from October 29, 1068: K. Heinrich IV. Gives the collegiate church two royal gifts for the benefit of the chapter. Hufen zu Löbtau in Burgwart Pesterwitz of the Nisan district. ( ... duos regios mansos sitos in villa Livbitvwa, et si ibi aliquid defuerit, in proximo cum bene aratis agris implendis in pago Nisani in burchuuardo Bvistrizi cum omnibus suis appendiciis ... ); the assignment of Pesterwitz to burchuuardo Bvistrizi is questioned by more modern historians.
8. ↑ In the late 12th century, when the episcopal Meissnian possessions were apparently threatened by competing claims, the bishop and cathedral chapter tried to secure the acquired goods by means of forged documents. In this context, not only the alleged document of Bishop Bennos from 1071 should have been created, but also a forgery carried out on Emperor Heinrich IV in 1091, in which the bishopric, among other things, had the donation of the village of Mobschatz - again located in Burgward Niederwartha - recorded . In: History of the City of Dresden. Vol. 1: From the beginning to the end of the Thirty Years War. Edited by Karlheinz Blaschke . Theiss, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8062-1906-0 , p. 83.
9. ^ Ernst Gotthelf Gersdorf: Document book of the Hochstift Meißen Part 1: 962-1356 (= Codex diplomaticus Saxoniae regiae. 2nd main part / 1), Giesecke & Devrient, Leipzig 1864, p. 50 : K. Conrad III. decides under the advisory board of some princes a dispute between B. Meinward and the Margrave Conrad over places in the province of Nisan, etc.
10. ↑ In quibus haec propriis duximus exprimenda vocabulis, videlicet quinque villas inferius annotatas, quarum una vocatur Cozebude, alia Jazelice, alia Hermanni villa, alia vero Bulsize, atque alia Nicradewice, quas utique quidam liberis, in natione Bor nuncupatus, in provincia Scupatus burgwardo Woz, praesentibus et collaudantibus duobus filiis suis Wichardo et Luthero in praesentia Heinrici secundi regis et aliorum quam plurium principum Misinensi ecclesiae traditit. In: Ernst Gotthelf Gersdorf: Document book of the Hochstift Meißen Part volume 1: 962-1356 (= Codex diplomaticus Saxoniae regiae. 2nd main part / 1), Giesecke & Devrient, Leipzig 1864, p. 49 : P. Innocenz II. Confirms the collegiate church all Rights and possessions, namely the acquisition of five villages in the province of Nisanen by donating a Slavic noble name Bor.
11. ↑ Codex diplomaticus Saxoniae regiae II 1, No. 47 (first mention of Cossebaude as Cozebude )
12. ^ Ernst Eichler / Hans Walther : Historical book of place names of Saxony. Vol. 1, Berlin 2001. pp. 153 f.
13. ^ Cossebaude in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
14. ^ Johann Georg Theodor Grasse : The treasure of legends of the Kingdom of Saxony , 1855, No. 184 "The unfortunate shoe throwing at Cossebaude." , P. 141; 2nd edition 1874, 1st volume, p. 188 ( digitized on Wikisource ).

Web links

Commons : Cossebaude  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Village and district of Cossebaude
• Closed redevelopment area Cossebaude , state capital Dresden
• Cossebaude in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
• History of the district of Cossebaude