Schullwitz

Schullwitz District of the state capital Dresden Coordinates: 51 ° 2 ′ 25 ″  N , 13 ° 55 ′ 20 ″  E
Height :	298  (280-310)  m
Area :	4.75 km²
Residents :	606  (Dec. 31, 2009)
Population density :	128 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	January 1, 1994
Incorporated into:	Schönfeld-Weißig
Postal code :	01328
Area code :	0351
Location of the district of Schullwitz in Dresden

Schullwitz is a district in the east of the Saxon capital Dresden . It is located on the outskirts in the district of the same name and belongs to the village of Schönfeld-Weißig .

geography

Schullwitz is located 13 km east of Dresden city center, the inner old town , in the Schönfeld highlands . The district is one of the highest in Dresden; south of the village, the hilly terrain in Triebenberg reaches a height of over 380  m above sea level. NN and surpasses the bottom of the Elbe in the Elbe valley by more than 250 m. The soil of Schullwitz mainly consists of sands that were deposited during the Elster cold period. In the north of the corridor there are also the only cenomanium deposits north of the Lusatian Fault , which is associated with the Dresden Elbe slopes not far south of Schullwitz .

The district of Schullwitz has a distinctly rural character; In the center of the village along today's Bühlauer Straße several historical farms have been preserved, including three and four-sided farms . On the edge of the local area, which is completely surrounded by extensive, agriculturally used areas, several housing estates were built. Neighboring districts are the Dresden districts of Rossendorf in the northeast, Eschdorf in the east, Reitzendorf in the south, Schönfeld in the west and Weißig in the northwest. In the north, along the outer city limits of Dresden, the city of Radeberg already borders on a short section . Schullwitz belongs to the statistical district of Schönfeld / Schullwitz . The south-eastern border of the corridor is formed by the landrain , which marks the border between the former offices of Dresden and Lohmen or Hohnstein .

View over a Schullwitz pond

Schullwitz is located on the Schullwitzbach named after him, which flows into the Wesenitz in Dittersbach . In Dresden it is counted to the type of highland brooks, which have only a slight gradient and wide brook floodplains and are often built up to the bank embankments. This results in high damage in the event of flooding; During the floods in 2002 alone, they amounted to 2.4 million euros in Schullwitz and the neighboring district of Eschdorf. The Schullwitzbach is dammed into several ponds in the local area, including the village, school, mill and mermaid pond. The latter, with a total area of ​​1.2 hectares, is protected as a natural monument ND 77 Nixenteich Schullwitz , as it contains a silting zone and reed stocks and is also a spawning water for amphibians and a breeding ground for various water birds.

The most important street in Schullwitz is the Bühlauer Straße , which leads from Eschdorf through the town center towards Malschendorf . From there, the Weißiger Straße branches off to Weißig, another district road . The other named streets in Schullwitz are called Aspichring , Am Triebenberg , Am Schullwitzbach , Am Pfeiferberg and Rossendorfer Straße . In the north of the corridor, the remains of the old long-distance traffic route from Dresden to Bautzen have been preserved with the Alte Hornstrasse , which today runs further north as the B 6 . Another specialty is the Alter Bahndamm street , which runs on the still existing track of the disused Dürrröhrsdorf – Weißig railway line , which leads from Weißig via Cunnersdorf , Schönfeld, Schullwitz and Eschdorf to Wünschendorf . Public transport is the bus lines 226 and 228 operated by the transport service provider Müller Bus .

history

The original Waldhufendorf Schullwitz emerged in the 12th century in connection with the German East Settlement and was first mentioned in an interest register in 1378 as Schalewicz . The place name is of Slavic origin and is possibly derived from scholtovici , the Old Sorbian word for a village mayor , borrowed from German . It then developed in the 15th century via the forms Scholwicz and Schelewicz to Schollewitz . Until the middle of the 16th century the village was also known as Scholbitz , Schulwycz and Scholwitz . The current spelling of the district appears for the first time in 1791.

In 1499 George was Karas to Schonfeld with Schullwitz invested , what the basic rule , hunting rights and Erbgerichtsbarkeit included. Since then, the village was connected to Schönfeld, in which it was and is also a parish, and was under its owners. These were among others Hans von Dehn-Rothfelser from 1555 and from 1568 the electoral secret council Georg von Crakow . In the 17th century, the Schullwitz villagers had to do labor for the Ostravorwerk . Parts of the village were later attached to the Helfenberg manor .

Luther oak

The main source of income was agriculture , and a quarry was mentioned as early as 1791 . In 1808 a newly built mill was also mentioned. From 1831 Schullwitz belonged to the Wettins after they had acquired the Schönfelder Gut and thus made it a Kammergut . After the reorganization of the school districts in the Kingdom of Saxony , Schullwitz received its own village school in 1837; beforehand the children of the village went to school in Schönfeld. Shortly thereafter, Schullwitz became an independent rural community that belonged to the office or the administrative authority of Dresden . On the occasion of the 400th birthday of the reformer Martin Luther , the Schullwitz Luther oak was planted in the center of the village between Bühlauer Straße and the junction to Straße Am Triebenberg .

The school building in Schullwitz, which was built from 1897 to 1898 and has housed a day-care center and library since a renovation in 2005 , was financed with funds from the Dresden mill owner Gottlieb Traugott Bienert , who was born in Eschdorf . A plaque in the building commemorates the founder, whose wife Christiane originally came from Schullwitz. In 1908 the place got a connection to the Dürrröhrsdorf – Weißig railway line . In the First World War , which followed a little later , ten Schullwitz residents died, and a memorial commemorates them.

The Schulwitzer Steinkreuz at the new location

Due to the land reform after 1945, ten new farmers and three settlers were given land. Later, the farmers and estates merged to form the agricultural production cooperatives Karl Marx , Am Schullwitzbach and United Kraft . The railway line was shut down in 1951. Schullwitz remained independent until 1994, when it was incorporated into the large community of Schönfeld-Weißig. As a district of Schönfeld-Weißig it finally came to Dresden through its incorporation on January 1, 1999. In 2005, the Schullwitz stone cross , which probably dates back to the 15th century and had been incorporated into a wall before 1860, was moved to a new location nearby. In July 2017, the city of Dresden opened a near-natural playground on Aspichring.

Population development

year	Residents
1552	28 possessed men , 19 residents
1764	28 possessed men, 21 cottagers
1834	356
1871	420
1890	477
1910	478
1925	476
1939	523
1946	632
1950	639
1964	595
1990	437

See also

• List of cultural monuments in Schullwitz

literature

• Bürgerervereinigung Schullwitz (ed.): 625 years of Schullwitz . Dresden-Schullwitz 2003. ( Digital version ; PDF; 1.5 MB)

Individual evidence

1. ^ District 47 - Schönfeld / Schullwitz. (PDF; 345 kB) State capital Dresden, municipal statistics office, 2012, accessed on February 15, 2016 . 
2. ↑ ^{a b} Uwe Miersch: Town of Schönfeld-Weißig: Rossendorf, Eschdorf, Schullwitz ( Memento from August 1, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ), Cultural Studies Dresden.
3. ↑ Flood protection for streams, rivers and ponds. Dresden City Administration, April 18, 2005, accessed on December 13, 2016 . 
4. ↑ Protected areas according to the Nature Conservation Act. (PDF; 155 kB) In: Environmental Atlas 04/2008. Environmental Office of the City of Dresden, p. 7 , accessed on February 15, 2016 . 
5. ↑ Dresden line network. (PDF; 0.6 MB) Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe, accessed on February 15, 2016 ( via dvb.de ). 
6. ↑ ^{a b} Schullwitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
7. ↑ The history of the place. In: schullwitz.de. Schullwitz Citizens' Association, accessed on February 15, 2016 . 
8. ^ Uwe Miersch: Ortschaft Schönfeld-Weißig ( Memento from 10 August 2014 in the Internet Archive ), Landeskunde Dresden.
9. ^ Day care center and citizens' meeting place in Schullwitz ( Memento from September 28, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), State Capital Dresden.
10. ↑ Christine Müller: "Gottlieb Traugott Bienert - From the village miller to the industrialist" ( Memento of March 27, 2005 in the Internet Archive ), in: Elbhang-Kurier , No. 5, 2002.
11. ↑ Schullwitz. In: Suehnekreuz.de. Retrieved February 15, 2016 . 
12. ↑ Schullwitz: New near-natural playground opened. State capital Dresden, July 4, 2017, accessed on November 24, 2019 (press release). 

Web links

Commons : Schullwitz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• District Schullwitz on Dresdner-Stadtteile.de
• Schullwitz on Schoenfeld-Weissig.de
• Schullwitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony