Kaitz

Kaitz District of the state capital Dresden Coordinates: 51 ° 0 ′ 50 ″ N , 13 ° 43 ′ 31 ″ E
Height :	160–230 m above sea level NN
Incorporation :	April 1, 1921
Postal code :	01217
Area code :	0351
	Location of the Kaitz district in Dresden

Kaitz is a district of Dresden , on the southern outskirts of the city of Plauen , and was assigned to the statistical district of Kleinpestitz / Mockritz .

location

Kaitz is located south of the Dresdner Südhöhe (including Kaitzer Weinberg ) on both banks of the Kaitzbach (formerly Grundbach), where it is crossed by the B 170 , north of the Dresden- Südvorstadt motorway junction of the A 17 . The first connection from Dresden via Kaitz to Bannewitz was the Bannewitzer Straße, the steep path of which (for carts and later also modern vehicles) led to the construction of Possendorfer Straße, which bypassed the “Kaitzer Loch”. Innsbrucker Strasse, now the B 170, was completed for car traffic in 1925. It bypasses the entire town of Kaitz and was handed over in 2003 as a four-lane feeder road for the A 17. Although the Dresden main train station is only 5 km away, Kaitz's village character has been preserved to this day.

Southwest from the center on the former heap of Gittersee is located Kaitzer height (244 m; coordinates: 51.00919 ° N , 13.70961 ° O ). 51.00919 13.70961

history

The initial written reference dates from March 31, 1206 from an arbitration award Dietrich of the oppressed (certificate, which includes the first mention of Dresden), in which the burggräflich-Dohnaische service nobleman Burchard of Kiz participated as local expert, who is also founder of Rabenau should be. The name Kiz (Kiez) comes from Slavic and stands for a settlement in a swampy lowland with a stick dam (Czech: kyj = club, stick; Old Sorbian: Kyjici = people of a neighborhood).

In 1408 there were further documentary mentions in deeds of Dresden citizens in the village "Kyczsch".

Ehrlichsmühle in the Kaitzbachtal (1890)

In 1547 the von Militz family on Scharfenberg owned Kaitz. In 1636 Ms. von Taube zu Kaitz bought a Zwei Hufengut , which she sold again in 1645 to the salt treasurer Martin Lehmann, who already owned a mill in Kaitz (one of four mills at the Kaitzbach , Hofemühle, Altkaitz No. 6).

The starting point for the further development of the "Kietz" was the purchase of further Kaitz farm estates by Lehmann in 1656 and in 1667 its enfeoffment with rights over four official subjects by Elector Johann Georg II. , Whereby his possessions expanded to the Kaitz estate, from 1672 the inheritance and Allodialgut and later Amtslehngut was created (village "Keitz" with its own community seal ). In 1690 the Dresden councilor Johann Sigismund Küffner bought the estate at auction .

In later mentions the name of the place varies from Keiz via Keyditz, Kaiditz to today's Kaitz.

There is an entry from the year 1473, from which it emerges that the city of Dresden had Plänersteine broken down near Altkaitz for construction work on the Dresden City Hall located on the Altmarkt . Building material from the quarry that existed at the time was also used for the buildings on the estate and the day laborer's houses on Possendorfer Strasse.

From 1736 there was a school room in Kaitz (" Winkelschule ", on the 1st floor of the Altkaitz house No. 5, recognized as a secondary school by Leubnitz from 1840 ) for the Kaitz children who had to go to church school in Leubnitz until then. In 1844 Kaitz received its own school building (on Franzweg, named after the mayor Franz, who made contributions to the building of the school, such as the acquisition of the property), which was expanded in 1868, 1888 and 1906, and even children from the south of Dresden and from the neighboring communities went to school. After the incorporation as the 71st elementary school, it was called the 71st POS "Wilhelm Dieckmann" in GDR times and is now called the 71st elementary school "Am Kaitzbach".

Kaitz and neighboring villages on a map from the 19th century

From August to September 1813 Kaitz was one of the villages that was badly affected by the battle for Dresden ( Wars of Liberation ) between the troops of the allies and Napoleon . The meadow on the southern Kaitzbachufer, where the wounded were treated, is still popularly known today as the “tear meadow”. By the French, who, like the Swedes before them, practiced the scorched earth tactic during the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), Altkaitz was largely cremated on October 11, 1813, before it was captured by the Russian troops. Shortly afterwards, the reconstruction began. B. is documented by the year 1814 on the Altkaitz 4 property.

The emergence of some tenement houses on Boderitzer Strasse and on the terraces of the former vineyard (here also private homes, including the birthplace of Pastor Paul Richter, who died in 1942 as a prisoner in the Dachau concentration camp ) led to the emergence of a larger part of the community in the middle to the end of the 19th century. which had nothing to do with the estate.

A strong increase in the population, which also led to the establishment of several retail and handicraft shops (including Röhner printing company, Schuster Dietze), as well as a few restaurants (including Ratskeller, Gasthof Kaitz, Sängereiche, Café Weinberg ), was recorded by Kaitz from 1892 with the construction of the Cube houses (partly inhabited by railway families and therefore also called railway houses ) on Boderitzer Straße. Die Sängereiche , namesake of the restaurant of the same name, is a memorial tree planted in Dresden in 1885 .

Since the end of the 19th century, the Kaitzgrund was a popular local recreation area for the Dresden residents (downstream are the old town center of Mockritz (Altmockritz), the Mockritz outdoor pool and a campsite). Environmental sins in the older (garbage dump of the city of Dresden on the slope of the Kaitzgrund above Kaitz) and more recent times (waste dumps of the Gitterseer uranium mine in the Wismut in the upper part of the Kaitzgrund as well as radioactive contamination of the Kaitzbach in the GDR period) led to a decrease in its attractiveness as a local recreation area. Not far from Altkaitz No. 5, a memorial stone commemorates the citizens of Kaitz who died in World War I.

Since 1905 there has been an allotment garden colony in Kaitz (Frühauf Kaitz, Gartenheim is managed), which was laid out on flood-prone meadow area on the southern Kaitzbachufer, at that time made available for free by the Amtslehngut. The land is leased from the current owner, the City of Dresden.

In 1920 the place Kaitz and the Kaitz Amtlehngut were combined into one community.

Kaitz has been incorporated into Dresden since April 1, 1921.

In 1945 the Gutsland was divided among 12 new farmers as part of the land reform in the Soviet occupation zone . During the GDR era there was an LPG in Kaitz (in 1952 first Kaitzer LPG Progress, then added to Bannewitzer LPG), which dealt with field management and pig fattening on a large scale. The resulting stench was carried to the neighboring towns, depending on the wind direction, and gave the town the nickname "Schweinkaitz", which was not infrequently used at the time. In contrast, the PGH butcher's trade at the time had a much better reputation, as many Dresdeners secured their meat and sausage supplies here. The PGH of the hairdressing trade, residing in a building on the Kaitzbach Bridge that was always at risk of flooding and destroyed by the Kaitzbach in 1984, had its customers mainly in the south of Dresden. At that time there was also a company in Kaitz ( Nagetusch ) that built camping trailers. One of their customers is said to have been Eberhard Cohrs , who was still based in Dresden at the time .

present

Most of the earlier excursion and dance restaurants in Kaitz and the surrounding area no longer exist today. However, there are three car dealerships, the fan shop of the Dresden Monarchs , a painter, a sun protection / awning shop, a hairdresser and a midwife .

Buildings along Possendorfer Strasse in Kaitz

The Kaitz History Association was founded a few years ago, with the task of researching the history of Kaitz and the surrounding area even more closely, to prove it and to present it to the public. Since September 2007 there has been another visible sign of these activities with the Ortsstein at the intersection of Possendorfer Straße / Altkaitz.

The Kaitz district fire brigade (voluntary fire brigade) of the Dresden fire brigade is located directly on the Kaitzbach . She also runs a youth fire brigade and is called to well over 100 missions every year. An emergency fire fighting group vehicle of the type HLF 10 is available to her as an emergency vehicle . As a special task, it is integrated into a special deployment plan for larger accidents with affected cultural assets.

The construction of Autobahn 17 has led to significant changes in the landscape in and around Kaitz. The relics of tunnel construction that have not yet been (or only partially) removed are the so-called “Kaitz Alps”, to the west of the B 170. The expansion of Innsbrucker Straße in the course of the B 170 as a feeder to the A 17 (junction Dresden-Südvorstadt) included several bridge structures, including a. There is also a pedestrian bridge designed as a suspension (suspended from a pylon), which connects the Kleinpestitz district on the Kohlenstraße with the Meraner Straße on the Kaitzer Weinberg. The Achtbeeteweg that connected Kaitz with Coschütz was relocated and now only goes as far as the newly built Stuttgarter Straße, which takes over the connection between Kaitz and Coschütz / Gittersee . The Possendorfer Straße leading to Bannewitz, which was only partially usable for car traffic in GDR times, is now a "dead end" street that turns into a pedestrian path on the outskirts of Bannewitz, below the curve of the B 170.

During the flood of the century in August 2002 , the Kaitzbach burst its banks and caused severe damage. For this reason, measures for flood protection were carried out in the following years , including the cleaning, fortification and partial relocation of the stream bed, the addition of bank planting and the creation of overflow basins and planted areas along the course of the stream. This also includes the flood protection measures at Kaitzbach and Zschauke that were carried out in the course of the newly built bridges for the motorway and its feeder .

literature

Kaitz 1206-2006, A Chronicle. Ed .: History Association Kaitz e. V.
Villages in Dresden. , Ed .: Kai Tempel
Travel guide to Dresden and Saxony. Ed .: Uwe Miersch
Impernet GmbH brochure
Cornelius Gurlitt : Kaitz. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 24. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Dresden-Altstadt (Land) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1904, p. 46.

Footnotes

↑ HLF 10th Fire Brigade Dresden-Kaitz, accessed on January 6, 2019 .

Web links

Commons : Kaitz - collection of images, videos and audio files

Kaitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony

[1] HLF 10th Fire Brigade Dresden-Kaitz, accessed on January 6, 2019 .