Briesnitz (Dresden)

Briesnitz District of the state capital Dresden Coordinates: 51 ° 4 ′ 0 ″  N , 13 ° 40 ′ 28 ″  E
Height :	104–190 m above sea level NN
Incorporation :	April 1, 1921
Postal code :	01157
Area code :	0351
Location of the Briesnitz district in Dresden

Briesnitz is a district of Dresden and belongs to the Dresden district of Cotta .

location

The former village, which was incorporated into Dresden in 1921, is located in the west of Dresden, on the Elbe , between Kemnitz , Cotta , Omsewitz and Leutewitz . The district is namesake of the statistical Dresden district Briesnitz .

history

It was first mentioned in a document made in the 1140s for 1071 about an exchange contract between the Meissen bishop Benno and the Slavic landlord Bor as " Bresnice ". The name comes from the Sorbian Breźnica and means "birch forest" or "birch village ". It was once the political and ecclesiastical center in the upper Elbe valley with Burgward and Elbfurt ( Gau Nisan ).

Since 1559 Briesnitz was incorporated into Meissen, had its own parish and, like Pesterwitz , had the status of an imperial district. Around 1840 patent bricks were manufactured in Briesnitz and viticulture was practiced. Briesnitz even had a summer palace for the co-ruling bishops.

In the 18th century, several country houses and gardens were laid out here by Dresden citizens, including Hofaktor Wolf Benjamin Eibeschütz .

Development of the area

In 1921 the place was incorporated into Dresden from the district of Meißen; neighboring towns such as Cotta and Löbtau had been incorporated into Dresden since 1903. In 1904 there were already partial development plans for the development of undeveloped areas. For this purpose, three-storey houses were planned. Meissner Strasse and the roads to Dresden and Meißen were expanded. In the period that followed, several other building proposals (including the development of the Nötzold clay pit, a broad Borngraben promenade) were discussed without result. This led to public pressure to advance the development, and the foundation stone for the new settlement was laid in February 1911 through the work of the Saxon Homeland Security Association .

Briesnitz settlement

Zschonerallee settlement

The place got its current form from 1911 onwards through the realization of the building idea of the architects Ludloff and Stieger, who based their design on the model of the garden city of Hellerau . The architects Ludloff and Stieger said about the design of the estate in a municipal council meeting in Briesnitz in 1911:

“ On the one hand, for practical reasons, out of consideration for the favorable use of the garden area, as well as for aesthetic reasons, a change in building alignment is partially planned for both the terraced houses and the semi-detached houses. In this way, above all, too great a uniformity of the system will be avoided and an overall effect achieved, as has been achieved with great success in newer garden city systems, for example in Hellerau. "

In July 1911, the Briesnitz-Dresden e. GmbH founded as a cooperative . A first partial development application was made in November 1911. Several changes to the plan followed and at the end of 1915 the plan was confirmed by the Royal District Headquarters.

By the beginning of the First World War , only a small part of the plans had been implemented, such as B. the Wolfzug / Hammeraue building. With the beginning of the First World War, construction activities were stopped and the architects Ludloff and Stieger were dismissed due to discrepancies and construction defects.

Further expansion of the settlement

It was not until 1919 that construction work was resumed and continued by the architect Curt Herfurth . After the First World War, the cooperative oriented itself towards the general housing construction policy. In 1927 it took part in the special building program of the city of Dresden and built people's apartments during the National Socialism .

The settlement was expanded again in the years between the world wars and 1991 (on the site of the Briesnitz mineral fountain, which was closed in 1990 ) and is now a listed building .

Cultural monuments, buildings and facilities

→ Main article : List of cultural monuments in Briesnitz (Dresden)

Briesnitz Church

The Briesnitz Church is one of the oldest churches in Dresden and Saxony with a crypt and a nearly 100 m high tower (built around 1204, first mentioned around 1273). After previous destruction, the foundation of today's building was laid in 1260. In 1602 the roof was rebuilt after a lightning strike. Another renovation was carried out around 1882 by Gotthelf Ludwig Möckel , while retaining the medieval elements such as the triumphal arch and east window. The Inner Briesnitz Cemetery , which was originally laid out as a church cemetery and was later expanded several times, is around the same age . In the 1880s, the outer Briesnitz cemetery was rebuilt. 46 civilian victims of the bombing raids on October 7, 1944 and January 16, 1945, as well as 25 soldiers in individual graves, rest in individual and collective graves at the Inner Briesnitz Cemetery .

Round house on Gottfried-Keller-Platz

Gottfried-Keller-Platz is surrounded by two round houses .

Located on the outskirts of Dresden, you have direct access to the conservation area Zschonergrund with Zschonergrundbad and Zschonermühle.

In the district there are also the cultural institutions Theater Junge Generation in the former Ballroom Constantia. There is also a concert hall, the Beatpol (formerly Star Club ). It is housed in the building of the former Briesnitz Inn (1896–1930). A cinema called "Film-Eck" was operated in the hall from 1933 to the 1980s.

Personalities

Born in Briesnitz

• Max Dünnebier (1878–1950), inventor and co-founder of the Winkler & Dünnebier company

traffic

The Berlin – Dresden railway runs to the west of Briesnitz . The next stops are Dresden-Kemnitz and Dresden-Cotta and are served by the RB 31 (Elsterwerda-Biehla-Dresden) line.

literature

• Cornelius Gurlitt : Brießnitz. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 24. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Dresden-Altstadt (Land) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1904, p. 2.
• Uwe Kind, Rainer Weissenborn, Thomas Weissenborn: Briesnitz: a cooperative-based settlement in Dresden from 1911 , Nowotny, 1993
• Elke Butze, Birgit von Rüdiger: Dresden-Briesnitz Housing Estate - Design Guide for the Monument Protection Area , City of Dresden, 2013

Web links

Commons : Briesnitz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Entry on Briesnitz at dresdner-stadtteile.de
• Briesnitz private website
• Briesnitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
• Briesnitz castle wall , castles and city walls in Europe ( Memento from December 17, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )

supporting documents

1. ↑ Ernst Eichler : Slavic place names between Saale and Neisse. Volume I, VEB Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1985, p. 63
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Handbook of Geography, Statistics and Topography of the Kingdom of Saxony . Fleischer, 1840 ( google.de [accessed January 14, 2018]).
3. ^ Friedrich Christian August Hasse: Dresden and the surrounding area, to Elsterwerda, Bauzen, Tetschen, Hubertsburg, Freyburg, Töplitz and Rumburg: a sketched representation for nature and art lovers; Along with a floor plan of the city and a travel map through the same area, Arnold 1801, 410, digitized
4. ^ ^{A b} Heinz Quinger: Dresden and the surrounding area: history, art and culture of the Saxon capital . DuMont Reiseverlag, 1999, ISBN 978-3-7701-4028-2 ( google.de [accessed on January 14, 2018]).