Wilschdorf (Dresden)

Wilschdorf District of the state capital Dresden Coordinates: 51 ° 7 ′ 22 ″  N , 13 ° 43 ′ 22 ″  E
Height :	185–218 m above sea level NN
Incorporation :	July 1, 1950
Postal code :	01109
Area code :	0351
Location of the Wilschdorf district in Dresden

Wilschdorf is a district of the Saxon state capital Dresden in the Klotzsche district and together with Hellerau forms the statistical district of Hellerau / Wilschdorf . Due to the economic settlements, it is a core of Silicon Saxony .

location

Wilschdorf is located in the north of Dresden on the border with the Moritzburg district of Boxdorf . To the northeast of the district is Dresden Airport , to the east is Hellerau with Rähnitz and to the south is the Junge Heide , behind it is the Trachenberge district .

history

Wilschdorf probably goes back to a Slavic settlement , although new foundations by German settlers also occurred in the Dresden region . The village probably originated in the 12th century. Wilschdorf is first mentioned in a document in 1242 as Ranis Maius (Groß-Rähnitz), which was sold as a fiefdom to the St. Afra monastery in Meißen . The name Wilesdorf can be found in documents as early as 1330, which appeared in 1350 as Wilsdorf and a year later as Wilczdorf. The place name was written down in 1357 as Wylizdorf, which had become Wiltzstorf in 1378. Further name developments were Wilschtorff (1445) and Wilsztorff (1495, "Dorf am Wolfsholz").

After the Reformation Wilschdorf belonged starting from 1547 Christoph von Carlowitz , which is why the manor from then on at the manor Hermsdorf was. The monastery of St. Afra in Meissen previously held the manor. The number of inhabitants was 36 Hufnern and 31 residents in 1551 and stagnated until 1764.

Altwilschdorf

The name of the village changed from Wölszdorff (1563) to Wiliszdorff (1578) to Wülszdorff (1598). In the 17th century, Swedish troops plundered the village and destroyed, among other things, the offering box of today's St. Christopher's Church . In the 18th century Prussian troops were quartered in Wilschdorf, who spent the winter here, in 1759 the village was robbed by Croatian soldiers. During the peasant unrest in Saxony in 1790, the Wilschdorfers were also among the rebels. The so-called Oberdorf was destroyed in a fire in 1850, but was rebuilt in the following years.

During the bombing of Dresden in 1945, a historic baptismal font from the Wilschdorf Christophorus Church, which was exhibited in the Antiquities Museum in the Great Garden , was destroyed. On July 1, 1950, Wilschdorf was incorporated into Dresden. However, Wilschdorf remained spatially separated from Dresden and is still one of the lesser-known districts of Dresden due to its remoteness. Its corridors also include pieces of land that in earlier times belonged to today's deserted Altes Dorf and Kummersdorf .

Numerous half-timbered houses and farmsteads in the village center, which are among the oldest buildings in the north of Dresden, still bear witness to the rural character of the district today. In addition to the partially preserved village wall, the church and parsonage, a former winery from the 18th century, a three-sided courtyard and a residential building with an extension are on the list of Wilschdorf cultural monuments .

Christophoruskirche

The Christophoruskirche in Dresden-Wilschdorf

The Christophoruskirche is the oldest church building in Dresden. Their origins go back to the early 13th century or even the 12th century. A red consecration cross over the foot of the great Christophorus is dated to the time of the first settlers. Settlement of the highlands north of Dresden in the area between Friedewald and Dresdner Heide took place between 1150 and 1250, after the Elbe valley basin in Gau Nisan had been fully developed and, since 1143/1144, the Margraves of Meißen had competed for rule in Nisan .

The church was first mentioned in a document in 1243. A church bell cast in 1250 is still preserved today, making it the oldest church bell in Dresden. The other church bells in the Christophorus Church date from the 14th and 15th centuries and were not melted down during the Second World War because of their age.

Inside the Christophorus Church is the altar with an altarpiece by Hans Schroer from Liège , which was created in 1570. During the restoration in 1971, Gothic frescoes from around 1445 were uncovered.

In the course of the Reformation in 1539 the church became Protestant. In 1612 the rectory was rebuilt, which was replaced by another new building in 1904. The arched portal from the 17th century is still in the parish garden today. It contains an inscription tablet from 1612, which refers to the construction of the building. The seat niche portal from the times of the Renaissance and the first rectory still stands today as a portal at the rear entrance of the parish property.

The Wilschdorf Church has had an organ from the Wegscheider organ workshop since 1995 . In the same year the village church was named Christophoruskirche.

Economy and Infrastructure

The Globalfoundries-Werke - behind it northern parts of Wilschdorf, at the top of the picture the runway of the airport

Viticulture was practiced in Wilschdorf from the 17th century until a phylloxera infestation in 1887 meant the end of viticulture. Agriculture is still an important factor today.

So it is not surprising that a report on a country ranking was introduced in 2004 in Wirtschaftswoche , asking: "Where for heaven's sake is Wilschdorf?" However, Wilschdorf's notoriety as a district has changed since the mid-1990s when the American microelectronics group Advanced Micro Devices planned and had settlements in Dresden built.

Globalfoundries operates two manufacturing plants in Wilschdorf. In addition, the joint venture Advanced Mask Technology Center was created , in which the photolithographic masks for chip production are manufactured.

traffic

The district is separated from Klotzsche and the rest of the city by the federal highway 4 . There is a motorway junction near the airport.

For the plants in Wilschdorf and the village itself, there are city ​​bus routes 70, 72, 80 and 81 from Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe AG and regional bus route 478 from Verkehrsgesellschaft Meißen .

Sons and daughters of the place

• Johann Gottfried Kuntsch (1735–1795), Saxon architect
• Ephraim Wolfgang Glasewald (1753–1817), Saxon, later Prussian architect, court architect
• Edgar Hahnewald (1884–1961), writer, editor and illustrator

additional

• The place has two historic restaurants. The Dorfgasthof Am Anger was first mentioned in 1242 and, in addition to a dance hall, also has a restaurant. During the renovation, a coffered ceiling from Renaissance times was rediscovered here, which originally belonged to the Findlater Palace in Old Franconia , but whose conversion to Luckner Castle had failed. The then owner of the village inn bought the coffered ceiling in 1939 and had it built into the inn in 1942. After years of dilapidation, the inn was expanded into the headquarters of a lighting technology company in 2008 and the coffered ceiling was also restored. The restaurant "Der alten Graf" has existed since 1883 and is still in operation today.
• In 1809 the first school in Wilschdorf was opened on Kirchstrasse, which was replaced in 1899 by a new building on Reineckeweg. In 1920 the new building was expanded and now houses u. a. the “Max Hünig” kindergarten. In 1983 a joint school for Wilschdorf and Rähnitz was inaugurated on Radeburger Straße.
• On April 9, 1883, the men's choir "Liederhain Wilschdorf" was founded, which in 1923 joined the German Singers Association.
• The Wilschdorf volunteer fire brigade, founded in 1943, is one of the 22 district fire brigades of the Dresden fire brigade .
• Since 1994 the Wilschdorfer Heimatverein has been committed to researching the Wilschdorf history and the social life of the district. The history of Wilschdorf was already written down in 1988 by a local researcher. The first volume in the history of Wilschdorf up to 1945 was published in 2003.
• The Bartlake rises above Wilschdorf as a village stream and flows from here into the Ilschengraben shortly before the city limits of Dresden. In Volkersdorf the Ilschengraben flows into the Mühlteich and then flows as Promnitz to Radeburg .

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  Restaurant "Zum Alten Graf"

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  School building from 1899

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  Fire station

literature

• Wilschdorf . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 13th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1826, p. 94.

Web links

Commons : Wilschdorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Heimatverein Wilschdorf eV
• Wilschdorf on dresdner-stadtteile.de

Individual evidence

1. ↑ In 1764 Wilschdorf recorded 36 Hufner and 21 Häusler . See Wilschdorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony .
2. ^ Website of the Ev.-luth. Christophoruskirchgemeinde Dresden-Wilschdorf-Rähnitz, section Christophoruskirche Wilschdorf. Historical dates. 1242/43 : The red consecration cross over the foot of the great Christophorus comes from the time of the first settlers.