Lausa (Dresden)

Lausa District of the state capital Dresden Coordinates: 51 ° 9 ′ 4 "  N , 13 ° 48 ′ 27"  E
Height :	180-200 m above sea level NN
Area :	5.86 km²
Incorporation :	1914
Incorporated into:	Weixdorf
Postal code :	01108
Area code :	0351
Location of the Lausa district in Dresden

View of the northern parts of Lausa

View of the southern parts of Lausa

Lausa is a district in the north of the Saxon state capital Dresden , which has been part of the municipality or today's village of Weixdorf since 1914 . The name is derived from the Old Sorbian luza (German: swamp, puddle). The Friedersdorf district is located in the Lausa district . Lausa is historically the most important and oldest district of Weixdorf, which was incorporated into Dresden on January 1, 1999.

geography

View from the dam to the Lausa pond, which was drained in winter

Lausa is located eleven kilometers north of Dresden city center, the inner old town , and is therefore already outside the Elbe valley , from the edge of which it is five kilometers away. Neighboring markings are Weixdorf , Gomlitz and Marsdorf in the west, the Ottendorf-Okrillaer districts Hermsdorf in the north and Grünberg in the northeast and the Dresdner Heide in the southeast and Klotzsche in the south. In addition to the district of the same name in the southeast, the Lausa district also includes the Friedersdorf district and belongs to the Weixdorf district, which also forms a statistical district of Dresden.

About the Lausaer hallway of the runs at an approximately one kilometer long section of the north-east motorway interchange Dresden-Nord the A 4 . In addition, Lausa is only two kilometers away from the start of the runway at Dresden Airport and its location in its approach lane is very exposed to aircraft noise. Lausa is also home to the two stops Weixdorf and Weixdorf Bad on the Dresden-Klotzsche-Straßgräbchen-Bernsdorf railway and, since 1929, the Weixdorf terminus of tram line 7 .

From Lausa onwards, the Seifenbach and the Ruhlandgraben together form the Lausenbach , into which the Schelsbach , also in the Lausa area, flows from Weixdorf and Gomlitz . There are also several ponds in the Lausa district that were used for fish farming, for example the large pond with the forest pool , the upper and lower middle pond and the mill pond. The center is at an altitude of about 185  m above sea level. NN and is located a little east of the center of Weixdorf. The actual place Lausa takes about one-half of the district, on a very dry and nutrient-poor sandy soil or early Pleistocene gravel is under which the north of the Lusatian Fault present granodiorite pending. The rest of the corridor is undeveloped and is taken up by agricultural land and, in the extreme south, also by the forest area of ​​the Dresdner Heide . Overall, the development is quite loose and shows a village or settlement character. The Fuchsberg settlement also belongs to Lausa.

history

The first documented settlement of the area around Lausa is attributed to the late Bronze Age and thus took place over 3000 years ago. A collective find was found in Lausaer Flur that dates from this time and includes a lance tip, a bronze disc with eyelets, a sickle and six rings.

In addition to the Lausa ponds already mentioned, there were other ponds in the immediate vicinity of today's town center in the Sorbian-Early German period, for example the four bar ponds. Lausa is therefore being considered as the location of an old moated castle , of which, however, nothing has been preserved. Only one of these ponds, the parish pond, still exists today.

Lausa parish pond

Lausa itself was first mentioned in 1273 and is therefore the oldest district of Weixdorf. This name is derived from the Old Sorbian name łuža (German: Lache, Pfütze) or ług (grass swamp), which means “settlement on swampy terrain” and is related to Lausitz in terms of its name . In the 14th to 16th centuries, the place names Lusen, Luzen, Lusyn, Lusen, zcur Luse, zur Luße, zur Lause and zur Lausicz are recorded. The place, which had a forest hoof corridor, appears as Lausa for the first time around 1587. The town center has been preserved in parts to this day.

Throughout its history, Lausa was administratively part of the office or the administrative authority of Dresden . From a church perspective, Lausa was first part of the Radeberg parish around 1346 . Around 1500 a parish church was built in the village. Since then Friedersdorf, Weixdorf, Gomlitz, Hermsdorf and temporarily also Medingen were parished under Lausa, which from now on assumed a pioneering position among these places. Around 1349 Lausa was owned by the brothers Peter and Fritz von Rakenitz and around 1600 by the von Zschieren family. In the Thirty Years' War Lausa was largely destroyed, since Swedish troops had fired in 1637 many of the buildings. From 1696 the manor Hermsdorf exercised the manorial rule over Lausa. In the nearby Dresdner Heide, which was used as an electoral hunting area, the Lausaer Saugarten was created in the 18th century .

The place has had a post office since 1858, which was initially also responsible for the neighboring villages. Due to the railway connection completed in 1884, the population grew rapidly. Lausa developed into a residential suburb of Dresden. Friedersdorf was incorporated into Lausa as early as 1879, which finally merged with Gomlitz and Weixdorf in 1914 to form the municipality of Lausa , which was renamed Weixdorf in 1938. As part of this locality, Lausa was incorporated into Dresden on January 1st, 1999.

Population development

year Residents 1547 15 possessed men , 5 gardeners 1555 15 residents 1764 8 possessed men, 12 cottagers 1834 273 1871 334 1890 408 1910 1311 (with Friedersdorf )

Facilities and buildings

Monuments

→ Main article : Cultural monuments in Lausa

In Lausa, over 30 simple and combined residential buildings of various architectural styles are designated as cultural monuments . Furthermore, the two station buildings, the church, the rectory, the cemetery and its enclosures, the hereditary court, the forest pool and a transformer house are under monument protection.

Parish church

Lausa Church

The Lausaer Kirche, now called Pastor Roller Church after its long-time pastor , is the only church in the area of ​​the village of Weixdorf. The surrounding districts of Weixdorf, Gomlitz and Friedersdorf are part of the parish of Lausa.

Building

The current church structure dates from around 1650. Ten years later, the sacristy and the former prayer room above the Hermsdorf manor owners, which is now used as a home parlor. The rectangular church hall is equipped with a four-rayed star vault, a stucco flat ceiling and a closed two-storey gallery . The tower, also originally from the 17th century, is crowned by a curved hood, a lantern and a weather vane that shows the year 1786. The steel bells have been hanging in the tower since after the First World War . As early as 1912, as part of a comprehensive renovation, the gallery paintings were created and the current organ was installed. The last major restoration took place in 1986/87.

history

Probably already built in the 12th century , the original church building was destroyed in a Hussite attack in 1429 and then renewed. The church has been Protestant since 1539 and was rebuilt again from 1607 and renovated in 1729 and 1786. From 1811 to 1850 the popular pastor Samuel David Roller worked in the Lausa parish church. He was friends with the family of the painter Wilhelm von Kügelgen, who was confirmed in Lausa in 1816 , and who immortalized him in his childhood memories of an old man from 1870. Pastor-Roller-Strasse west of the church is named after Roller, who is buried next to the church. As early as 1855, five years after Roller's death, the church received its first organ and in 1871 also three bronze bells, which, however, had to be melted down in 1917.

graveyards

Tomb of Countess Maria Amalie zu Dohna

A first burial in the Lausaer Kirchhof, the Alten Lausaer Friedhof , is mentioned for 1346. Many of his tombs, which date from the 18th and 19th centuries, are classified as valuable in terms of art history. The oldest surviving tombstone dates from the 17th century and shows a life-size representation of pastor Theodorus Schumann, who died in 1632. The tomb of Charlotte Dorothea von Schönberg and Countess Charlotte Sophie von Hoym is a low, early classical marble brick building that resembles an Egyptian temple. Two grave slabs also commemorate Prince Georg von Schönburg-Waldenburg , adjutant general of King Albert and owner of the Hermsdorf manor, and his wife Luise. Other nobles buried in this cemetery are Princess Maria Reuss zu Lobenstein and Countess Maria Amalie zu Dohna . The Dohna oak in the cemetery, where the Lausa Lutherlinde is a second memorial tree from Dresden , also reminds of them . There are also two memorials to those who fell in the two world wars in the cemetery.

As a result of the population growth, the Neue Lausaer Friedhof was built further north on Hermsdorfer Strasse in 1833 . The village is home to the graves of Soviet women and men who were abducted to Germany during World War II and who were victims of forced labor .

Old hereditary, brewing and tavern property

The center of Lausa: on the
left the old heritage, brewery and tavern , on the right the church tower

The old hereditary, brewing and tavern was named as Hof zu Lusen as early as 1387 and has been one of the largest manors in the village since the 16th century. It is located near the parish church and was the seat of the local devotee , who also had the rights to sell salt, meat and bread. A brewery was also operated here until 1889 . The building is also Lausa's second inn and inn. The first tavern was on the area of ​​today's hall. The building is equipped with a massive basement and a half-timbered facade and, after a renovation between 1950 and 1955, served as the Weixdorf cultural center . The old court column that has been preserved is in the dining room today. It is made of wood, is walled in and used to mark the strictly separated seating areas of the farmers as well as the gardeners and cottagers.

At the turn of the millennium the building was empty. In 2002, the area was bought out of municipal ownership and privatized in order to stop the ongoing decline. Since 2004 the old property has again housed a restaurant and is home to several clubs. Since then, the main building has been almost completely renovated without outside support. At the turn of the year 2007/2008 it was finally given a new roof and today it fits nicely into the local ensemble. In the adjoining hall, the roof stalls in the dance floor area were removed for safety reasons. In January 2008, an association was founded that originally set itself the goal of rebuilding the Goge , as the attached ballroom is called, and later focused on the preservation of all the historic buildings in the area. Since August 2015, the lower monument protection authority has received approval to preserve the building. The plan is to reopen the area for the 300th anniversary of the reconstruction of the main building on July 9, 2017 as a beer garden with a stage area.

schools

Weixdorf town hall

A first, responsible for Weixdorf school initially was located near the parish church in Lausa. It was used in parts until July 31, 2009 - most recently as a branch of the Weixdorf Middle School. Then the building was renovated and inaugurated as a Protestant kindergarten in February 2011. As early as 1900, the communities of Lausa, Weixdorf and Gomlitz had a new school building built on Alte Dresdner Strasse in Lausa, which was inaugurated on March 10, 1901. It burned out in May 1945 during the invasion of the Red Army , but could soon be used again. Today the secondary school for the village of Weixdorf is located here. For reasons of space, another school was built in 1965 next to the Weixdorf town hall, also located in Lausa , in which the three lowest grades were taught until 1991 and then all primary school students. In 2004 this building was replaced by a modern new building, the Am Zollhaus elementary school opened in February 2005 .

Forest pool

Waldbad am Großteich with high water marks

The forest pool in the Lausa pond was inaugurated on June 17, 1906 as the Prinz-Hermann-Bad. It was named after the then manor owner of Hermsdorf, Prince Hermann von Schönburg-Waldenburg, who leased the area to the community at a favorable price. The area, which included the bathing facilities, a boat rental and a settlement, was expanded in 1919. A sports field was opened in 1921 and the Teichwirtschaft restaurant, now operated under the name Waldbad , opened five years later. The swampy surroundings of the pond were drained in 1928. The forest pool was extensively modernized from 1962 onwards. The neighboring railway stop is named after the forest pool.

Personalities

• Ewald Kluge (1909–1964), motorcycle racing driver (a street is named after him in his home town Weixdorf)
• Peter Rentsch (1937–2008), historian, professor

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Weixdorf village. In: Dresden-Lexikon.de. Retrieved June 5, 2013 . 
2. ^ District 35 - Weixdorf with Friedersdorf, Gomlitz, Lausa and Marsdorf. (PDF; 343 kB) State capital Dresden, accessed on June 5, 2013 . 
3. ↑ Tram line 7. Bohemian Railway Station - Arsenal. dresdner-nahverkehr.de, February 4, 2003, archived from the original on February 14, 2009 ; Retrieved February 1, 2013 . 
4. ↑ Dresden line network. (PDF file, 0.6 MB) Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe, January 3, 2017, accessed on January 17, 2018 ( schedule overview ). 
5. ↑ ^{a b c} Weixdorf village. In: Dresden-und-Sachsen.de. Archived from the original on July 29, 2012 ; Retrieved June 5, 2013 . 
6. ↑ ^{a b} Lausa in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
7. ↑ ^{a b} Lausa. In: Dresdner-Stadtteile.de. Retrieved June 5, 2013 . 
8. ↑ ^{a b c} Lausa Church. In: Dresdner-Stadtteile.de. Retrieved June 5, 2013 . 
9. ^ Dresden-Weixdorf, Saxony. In: Online project fallen memorials. April 10, 2005, accessed June 5, 2013 . 
10. ^ Lausa eV Weixdorf: Association for the preservation and restoration of historically valuable objects in Lausa. Retrieved June 5, 2013 . 
11. ↑ Middle school teacher at an old place of work. In: sz-online.de . Accessed June 5, 2013 (fee required). 
12. ↑ Protestant children's home opened in Weixdorf. (PDF, 779 kB) In: Weixdorfer Nachrichten. March 11, 2011, p. 1 , accessed on June 5, 2013 (Volume 21, No. 4). 
13. ↑ Weixdorf. In: Dresdner-Stadtteile.de. Retrieved June 5, 2013 . 
14. ↑ Weixdorf Forest Baths. In: Dresdner-Stadtteile.de. Retrieved June 5, 2013 . 
15. ^ The Waldbad Weixdorf in Dresden Neustadt online ( memento from January 10, 2018 in the Internet Archive )

literature

• Lössnitz and Moritzburg pond landscape (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 22). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1973.
• Karl Gottlieb Dressler: Chronicle of the parish Ottendorf and the villages Lausa, Hermsdorf, Grünberg and Cunnersdorf according to reliable sources . Meissen 1890. ( digitized version )
• Cornelius Gurlitt : Art monuments from Dresden's surroundings , Dresden 1904.
• Wilhelm von Kügelgen : memories of an old man's youth , Köhler and Amelang, Leipzig 1967.

Web links

Commons : Lausa  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Lausa district
• Districts of Weixdorf ( Memento from July 29, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )