Pastor Roller Church

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The Pastor Roller Church in Dresden , also Lausa Church and Weixdorf Church , is the parish church of the Evangelical Lutheran parish of Weixdorf . You can see in the north of Dresden in the Lausa district , which belongs to the village of Weixdorf . It is named after Samuel David Roller (1779–1850), who was pastor in Lausa from 1811 until his death . In the church in 1816 he confirmed the later portrait and history painter Wilhelm von Kügelgen , who set Roller a literary memorial in his 1870 posthumously published memories of an old man's youth .

Gate to the church on Königsbrücker Landstrasse at the corner of Lauser Kirchgasse, the nave is covered by the tree on the right

As a whole , the church and churchyard are under monument protection. Individual monuments are listed in the list of monuments: Church, enclosure wall, memorial to those who fell in World War I and memorials to those who died in World War II, historical tombs and the Luther linden tree as a garden monument. Another memorial tree, the Dohna oak, is protected as a natural monument.

history

The time when the oldest church in Lausa was built is unknown; in a register of the diocese of Meißen dated to 1346 , Lausa is already referred to as a parish village . The Sorbian-born name (in contrast to Lausa's neighboring villages Weixdorf and Friedersdorf ) indicates that the village and its church are much older. The wooden church was probably built as early as the 12th century, but the news of a church dating back to 929 is not certain. As a result of the Hussite Wars , the church was destroyed in 1429. The reconstruction in the form of a stone building, which was presumably carried out soon after, forms the cornerstone of today's structure. This makes the Lausa Church one of the oldest churches in Dresden . Since the introduction of the Reformation in Saxony in 1539, the parish has been Evangelical-Lutheran.

The rule of the Hermsdorf manor , which was parish off to Lausa, supported the parish, so that from 1607 the church was rebuilt and in 1624 it received a tower. The electoral administrator in Hermsdorf gave the church a new pulpit for the Reformation Festival in 1630. In the religious war that has been going on in Germany since 1618, the Thirty Years' War , the church suffered severe damage in 1637 during the Swedish occupation; the rectory burned down, causing the church records stored in it to be lost.

After the stone church was rebuilt around 1640/1650, the sacristy was added around 1660. Another extension was made at the main entrance in 1729 as part of a general repair, during which the main cornice was also standardized. When the tower was renovated in 1786, the weather vane came to its peak; The tower received the arched windows in 1817 when it was raised to its current height of 34 meters.

There was another structural change in the interior in 1912, followed by extensive renovations in 1986/87.

Church building

East side of the church with the tomb of Countess Marianna Amalia zu Dohna (white cross), Lutherlinde (middle tree) and rectory (right edge of the picture)

The church is located relatively centrally in Lausa . The ensemble of parsonage, parish pond, church, churchyard and enclosure (as well as some more recent buildings) is enclosed in the south and east by an arch of the Königsbrücker Landstrasse leading to the west and north and in the northwest by the Lausaer Kirchgasse. A few meters before the northern intersection of the two streets, the Schelsbach , which rises at the airport area, flows from the west into the Lausenbach from the south . Opposite the church, at Lausaer Kirchgasse 1–3, is the listed building of the former church school, in which the community opened the Protestant kindergarten “Himmelskey” in 2011.

There are two memorial trees in the parish garden: the Dohna oak planted in 1815 commemorates the Hermsdorf Countess Marianna Amalia zu Dohna, who died in 1805 as a result of stillbirth and was buried at the church. It has been protected as a natural monument since 1958 . A Luther linden tree, which was planted on the north side of the church in 1883 and also placed under protection in 1958, died from excessive pruning at the end of the 1960s. A flat of Luther attached to it was then nailed to a younger linden tree to the east of the church, whereby the name was carried over to it.

The island in the parish pond is believed to be the site of a disappeared, medieval moated castle in Lausa.

Exterior view

Lausa church around 1850, the main cornice has not yet been penetrated.

The present shape of the church comes from the time of the reconstruction in the middle of the 17th century. It is a hall church with a rectangular floor plan, corresponding to a simple village church . At the geostete is grown nave at the northeast corner, the sacristy , which was about a decade after the reconstruction. The square church tower at the western end of the building is a few decades older than this . The main entrance is in the south-west extension, the inscription "Anno 1729" on the keystone above the door indicates when it was built.

There are also smaller extensions on the rear, northern side of the tower (flush with the nave), on the east wall and on the south wall (separate altar entrance). There are several graves and tombs on and in front of the outer walls of the church.

The plastered outer walls and the strong main cornice make the church appear simple and uniform. In the 19th century, the rearmost of the tall pointed arched windows of the nave was led over the pierced main cornice on both sides. The red trim on the cornice and some of the windows stand out from the yellow plaster. The tiled roofs are also red, only the curved hood and lantern of the tower are covered with slate . The square west tower is octagonal from the ridge height to the hood due to bevels and has sound windows on the four main sides . The clock faces of the tower clock sit on the south-west and north-east walls of the octagon , the other two sides have no opening.

inside view

The tower has a four-pointed star vault with trimmed ribs. The connecting door to the nave has a round arch on the inside and may once have been the main entrance to the church. The nave has a stucco flat ceiling.

Pastor Roller Church 2006

Two-story galleries extend along the long sides of the ship. The gallery on the south side is probably from around 1624 and stretches across the entire length of the nave, with the 18 meter long beam being hand-made ashlar . The gallery on the north side, built in 1808, is shorter and has painted ornaments. The prayer room of the former Hermsdorf patronage is located next to it above the sacristy. The organ gallery is single-storey, remains of the organ point to an earlier gallery. The ceiling of the hall, which is worth seeing, comes from the 18th century.

During a comprehensive renovation of the interior of the church, carried out by an architect from Lausa in 1912, the gallery was given pictorial representations of scenes from biblical history.

Furnishing

Altar and pulpit

A picture, presumably formerly part of the altar and dated 1572, shows the resurrection of Christ . The current altarpiece from around 1660 shows the Lord's Supper with the twelve disciples .

The pulpit is a gift given by the electoral administrator in Hermsdorf, Christian Knauth, for the Reformation Festival in 1630 . It probably shows the evangelists and the apostle Paul in five carved fields . Later it was painted over in white.

The pulpit was originally located on the north side next to the box, which at the time was probably used to store the shroud. With the installation of a further gallery, the pulpit was moved to the east side above the altar and the box was converted into a prayer room for the manor owners.

Baptismal font

The font is a gift made in 1940 by Prince Hermann von Schönburg-Waldenburg . A gilded baptismal bowl is kept separately.

Pastor Roller Church 2006

Bells and organ

After the big bell rang , the church received a new, three-part bronze bell in 1871 or 1872, which was melted down in 1917 . After the First World War, the church received steel bells.

In 1855 the church got a Jahn organ, which was renewed by Jehmlich after a lightning strike in 1905 and received a second manual and a new brochure .

Other equipment

The wood sculptor Franz Rädlein (1890–1966) created an ecce homo .

A small exhibition on the history of the church is housed in the former patronage box of the Hermsdorf manor owners. Among other things, three clay oven feet with sheet masks from around 1680 are kept there.

graveyard

Grave of Pastor Samuel David Roller (black cross) on the east side

A burial is mentioned in the Meißner diocese register dated 1346. With an area of ​​0.2 hectares around the nave, the Lausaer Kirchhof, which was closed in the 19th century, is one of the smaller cemeteries in Dresden . As a result of population growth, the community expanded the new cemetery for strangers around 300 meters northeast of the church between Königsbrücker Landstrasse, Hermsdorfer Allee and the corridor border around 1830 . A burial of a Großokrilla farmer is documented for April 3, 1770. The first burial of a local after the expansion struck the farmer Thalheim, who was struck by lightning during a thunderstorm under a young linden tree. The fact that he also delivered the first batch of stones for the cemetery wall was strange for the parish .

The graves or tombs of pastors Theodorus Schumann († 1632), Jonathan Glasewaldt († 1768), Friedrich Karg († 1787) and Samuel David Roller († 1850) have been preserved in the churchyard . Schumann's tomb, which is also the oldest preserved in the churchyard, shows him life-size with a ruff and gown.

The early classical grave temple of Charlotte Sophie Countess von Hoym († 1808) and Charlotte Dorothea von Schönberg († 1789) is of regional art historical interest. In addition to other noble members of the Hermsdorfer manor owners, Marianna Amalia Burgravine and Countess zu Dohna (1779–1805), who died at the age of 26 a few days after a stillbirth, found her resting place in the churchyard. Her five-meter-high tomb by the nave was created by an Italian stonemason who was doing work on the Catholic Court Church in Dresden. It shows a large cross in sandstone with a cloth thrown over it.

There are also memorials for the victims of the First and (after 1990) the Second World War.

  • Tomb of Marianna Amalia Burggräfin and Countess zu Dohna

  • Memorial stone for the fallen of the First World War

  • Memorial to the victims of the Second World War

literature

  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Lausa. The church . In: Amtshauptmannschaft Dresden-Neustadt (Land) (=  descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony . 26th issue). Meinhold, Dresden 1904, p. 61–68 ( digitized version of the SLUB Dresden ).
  • Lausa. In: Lössnitz and Moritzburger Teichlandschaft (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 22). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1973, pp. 111–112 ( limited preview in Google book search).

Footnotes

  1. ↑ The Slavic place name Lausa was deleted during the Nazi era and the municipality Lausa was given the name of the Weixdorf district incorporated in 1914. Since the incorporation of the Weixdorf community into Dresden, Lausa (together with Friedersdorf) has regained the status of a district, but the village formed from the community kept the name Weixdorf. The parish of Weixdorf, whose area includes the village of Weixdorf ( Lausa , Friedersdorf , Gomlitz and Weixdorf - but without the district of Marsdorf, which was incorporated in 1965 ) and its neighboring village of Hermsdorf , also kept this name. Grünberg also belongs to it as a branch church and parish.
  2. ↑ Saxony List of Monuments. State Office for the Preservation of Monuments of Saxony , accessed on January 6, 2018 (IDs 09305950 (entity) and 09283933 (individual monuments)).
  3. ↑ a b Karl Gottlieb Dressler: Chronicle of the parish Ottendorf and the villages Lausa, Hermsdorf, Grünberg and Cunnersdorf . Self-published by the author, Meißen 1890, p. 143 ( digital copy from SLUB Dresden).
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Lausa Church. In: Dresdner-Stadtteile.de. Retrieved January 6, 2018 .
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k David Samuel Roller. (PDF; 149 kB) Ev. Luth. Weixdorf parish, p. 3 f. , accessed January 6, 2018 .
  6. ↑ a b Cornelius Gurlitt: Lausa. The church . In: Amtshauptmannschaft Dresden-Neustadt (Land) (=  descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony . 26th issue). Meinhold, Dresden 1904, p. 61 ( digital copy from SLUB Dresden).
  7. ↑ Lausenbach water profile. (PDF; 2.9 MB) State Capital Dresden, 2014, p. 4 , accessed on January 6, 2018 .
  8. ↑ Conception of the Protestant day-care center “Himmelskey”. (PDF; 208 kB) Diakonisches Werk - Stadtmission Dresden eV, p. 3 , accessed on January 6, 2018 .
  9. ^ Entry on Wasserburg Lausa in the private database "Alle Burgen". Retrieved December 5, 2018.
  10. ^ Dresden: Wasserburg Lausa. In: Sachsens-Schlösser.de. Retrieved January 6, 2018 .
  11. ↑ a b Lössnitz and Moritzburg pond landscape (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 22). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1973, p. 111 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  12. ↑ a b c Lössnitz and Moritzburger Teichlandschaft (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 22). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1973, p. 112 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  13. ^ Karl Gottlieb Dressler: Chronicle of the parish Ottendorf and the villages Lausa, Hermsdorf, Grünberg and Cunnersdorf . Self-published by the author, Meißen 1890, p. 144 ( digital copy from SLUB Dresden).

Web links

Commons : Pastor-Roller-Kirche (Lausa)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 51 ° 9 ′ 5.2 "  N , 13 ° 48 ′ 28.6"  E