Fuder

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The load , also known as load or drive , was a measure of volume for liquids and solids. The load is derived from the load that a two-horse wagon could load back then.

In addition to food, ore, coal, sand, salt and hay were measured in fudder.

Dimensions

Liquid measure ( wine )

Depending on the region, the Fuder was around 800 to 1800 liters. Usually the loader consisted of 12 buckets, although this dimension has absolutely nothing to do with the 5 or 10 liter plastic buckets that are common today.

  • Grand Duchy of Baden 1 Fuder = 10 Ohm = 100 supports = 1000 dimensions = 75,618 ¾ Parisian cubic inches = 1500 liters
  • Duchy of Braunschweig 1 Fuder = 4 Oxhoft = 6 Ahm = 240 small rooms = 960 quarters = 1920 Nösel = 44,478 Parisian cubic inches = 881 ⅜ liters
  • Canton of Graubünden 1 Fuder (drinks) = 8 tubs = 80 quarters = 640 Maß = 2560 Quärtlein = 42,880 Parisian cubic inches = 850 liters
  • Kassel , Mainz , Worms = 1 Fuder = 6 Ohm = 955 liters
  • Kurtrier 1 Fuder = 6 Ohm = 960 liters
  • Copenhagen 1 cartload 6 Um = 24 anchors = 240 = 456 parlor cans = 930 Pott = 3720 = 45,291 Pæle Paris cubic inch = 897 ½ liter
  • Danzig 1 Fuder / Barrel = ½ load = 2 Both = 4 Oxhoft = 6 Ohm = 12 buckets = 24 anchors = 720 Qiuart (berliner) = 41,560 ½ Parisian cubic inches = 823 liters
  • Erfurt 1 Fuder = 6 ohms = 12 buckets = 1008 measure = 2016 Nösel = 42,910 Parisian cubic inches = 850 3/10 liters
  • Frankfurt am Main 1 Fuder = 6 ohms = 120 quarters = 480 measures (old standard) = 540 measures (young measure, gift measure) = 751 ½ quart = 43,380 Parisian cubic inches = 859 3/5 liters
  • Canton of Friborg 1 trip (must) = 2 ½ hem = 400 Maß (turbidity, large) = 16 Brenten = 1,600 bottles = 31,496 Parisian cubic inches = 624 liters
  • Gotha 1 Fuder = 12 buckets = 480 cans = 960 measure = 1920 Nösel = 40,040 Parisian cubic inches = 793 4/9 liters
  • Hamburg 1 Fuder = 6 ohms = 24 anchors = 30 buckets = 120 quarters = 240 small rooms = 480 jugs = 43,800 Parisian cubic inches = 867 19/20 liters
  • Hannover / Hildesheim 1 Fuder = 4 Oxhoft = 15 buckets = 24 anchors = 240 small rooms = 480 jugs = 814 23/25 quart = 47,040 Parisian cubic inches = 932 1/7 liters
  • Leipzig 1 Fuder = 2 2/5 barrel = 12 buckets = 24 ohms = 756 cans = 795 quart = 45,900 Parisian cubic inches = 909 1/3 liters
  • Lübeck 1 Fuder = 6 ohms = 120 quarters = 240 small rooms = 480 jugs = 960 quarters = 43,800 Parisian cubic inches = 867 19/20 liters
  • Mecklenburg / Rostock 1 Fuder = 4 Oxhoft = 6 Ohm = 24 anchors = 30 buckets = 120 quarters = 240 small rooms = 480 jugs = 43,800 Parisian cubic inches = 867 19/20 liters
  • Nuremberg 1 Fuder (Franconian / Nuremberg) = 12 buckets = 768 measure = 820 liters
  • Osnabrück 1 Fuder = 6 ohms = 168 quarters = 672 jugs = 716 quart = 41,326 4/5 Parisian cubic inches = 819 liters
  • Prussia 1 Fuder = 4 Oxhoft = 6 Ohm = 12 buckets = 24 anchors = 720 quart = 41561 Parisian cubic inches ≈ 824.4 liters
  • Canton St. Gallen 1 Fuder = 7½ hem = 30 buckets = 120 quarters = 960 measure = 3840 bottles = 1338 4/5 quart = 77,280 Parisian cubic inches = 1531 2/5 liters
  • Sweden 1 Fuhre = 2 Pipen Oxhoft = 4 = 6 = 12 Ohm bucket = 24 anchors = 360 = 720 cans stoop = 823 ¼ Quart = 47,520 cubic inches Paris = 941 liters ⅔
  • Vienna 1 Fuder = 32 buckets = 1280 measure = 1621 quart = 93,590 Parisian cubic inches = 1854 ⅔ liters
  • Württemberg 1 cartload = 6 bucket Imi = 96 = 960 degree = 3840 pint = 88,905 cubic inches Paris = 1761 8/9 liter

Grain measure

  • Braunschweig 1 Fuder = 12  Malter = 72  Himten = 288  Metzen = 2373 liters
  • Hanover 1 Fuder = 12 Malter = 72 Himten = 112,896 Parisian cubic inches = 2240 liters
  • Hildesheim 1 Fuder = 13 ⅓ Malter = 40  bushels = 80 Himten = 104,560 Parisian cubic inches = 2072 liters
  • Osnabrück 1 Fuder = 6 Malter = 72 bushels = 288 quarters = 1152 cups = 104,184 Parisian cubic inches = 2061 liters

Other goods

Occupational groups

There were special professional groups for processing the salt powder, which only became superfluous at the end of the 18th century with the introduction of cheaper types of shaped salt :

  • Fuderführer shipped the Fuder packed in salt runners from Hallstatt to Gmunden on specially made Fuderzillen.
  • Fuderhacker worked for the Gmunden salt pavers. They chopped up the powder with long-handled axes and shoveled the salt in a heap.
  • Pounders filled nine to ten buckets with the salt from one fudder , after which they pounded the salt into the pots using a “pestle”

See also

Fuder stands for, among other things

literature

  • Johann Friedrich Krüger : Complete manual of the coins, measures and weights of all countries in the world. Verlag Gottfried Basse, Quedlinburg / Leipzig 1830, p. 97.

Individual evidence

  1. In Schwyzerdütsch , without including a quantity term, the old meaning of Fuder as load has been retained, cf. z. B. the headline in the NZZ Trump overloaded the load, May 1, 2018.
  2. ^ August Blind: Measure, coin and weight systems. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / Leipzig 1923, p. 22.
  3. ^ Franz Michael Ress: Buildings, monuments and foundations of German ironworkers . Written on behalf of the Association of German Ironworkers . Verlag Stahleisen, Düsseldorf 1960, DNB  453998070 , p. 310 .
  4. ^ Ferdinand Krackowizer : History of the city of Gmunden in Upper Austria. Volume II, Gmunden 1899, pp. 233, 238.
  5. ^ Franz Josef Feichtinger: The "pavers" - managers of the salt industry in the land above the Enns from the 14th to the 19th century. In: Upper Austrian homeland sheets . Year 64, Linz 2010, Issue 1/2, pp. 18–44, PDF on land-oberoesterreich.gv.at