Pint

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A bottle - first a Low German word that was borrowed into French and from there into Upper German and is related to scooping - is originally a container for liquids , later a hollow or spatial measure for drinks.

Historical measure of capacity

Traditionally, a bottle is half a pint or a quarter of a measure .

The French pint (la chopine , chaupine , chopaine) corresponded to 476.073 milliliters (= 1/72 cubic king feet), otherwise usually 1/100 to 1/120 normal cubic feet and thus between a quarter and a half liter.

In German-speaking countries in the 19th century, the bottle contained 0.375 l in Baden and Switzerland , 0.459 l in Württemberg and 0.564 l in the Palatinate . Before the standardization of measurements in the states of the Rhine Confederation , initiated by Napoleon in the spring of 1812 , the pint was equivalent to 0.7 liters. In the city of Rastatt , the bottle still had 2.3 liters in 1615, which was one of the largest wine measures in Germany at that time.

When the non-metric measurements were replaced by the metric in southern Germany in 1872 , the bottle was the official name for 0.5 l until 1884. In Switzerland, the bottle (0.375 l) was official until 1877.

Usage today

In the pub - as in the case of the Maß / Maßkrug - the meaning of the measure or drinking vessel changed over the course of time to the usually alcoholic drink itself.

In some places, depending on the region, “a bottle” denotes a quarter liter to half a liter of wine or cider, without the actual content - the wine or cider - having to be explicitly named. Depending on where you order your bottle, you get a glass of beer , a glass of cider or something else.

Palatinate pint

In the Palatinate, Hessian and Swabian-Alemannic-speaking areas, "Schoppen" today usually means half a liter, regionally in Hessen, Rheinhessen and Baden also 0.3, 0.4 and 0.75 liters of a - mostly alcoholic - liquid. This bottle can be poured in a "bottle glass" with a cylindrical shape and a smooth outside or in the Palatinate in a " dub glass " in the shape of an inverted truncated cone with circular indentations.

In Hessen, in addition to wine, apple wine is also served in the "Schoppen". The term is synonymous with ribbed , a 0.25 liter or, traditionally in Frankfurt, 0.3 liter diamond shaped glass. The different sizes are likely to go back to the different historical dimensions in Hesse and the Free City of Frankfurt . According to this, the 0.5 liter apple wine glass that can also be found is the measure closest to the traditional Frankfurter Schoppen measure of 0.448 liters.

Anyone who orders a bottle in the Franconian wine country receives a quarter liter of wine. Depending on the occasion and the quality of the wine, this is served either in the Römer , in the handle glass Viertele or in the simple handle- free standard glass ( Willybecher ). The traditional bottle shape in Franconia , the Bocksbeutel , holds three bottles . Colloquially, a wine drinker in Franconia is also known as a "Schoppenfetzer", in the southern, central and Rhine-Hessian language areas as a "Schoppenpetzer" or "Schoppenstecher".

With the word "Kinderschoppen" the unit of measurement was transferred to the vessel that holds the corresponding unit. The first drinking vessel for small children with a pierced rubber pacifier as a drinking opening ( baby bottle ) bears the name Schoppen depending on the region (e.g. in Switzerland), in Swabia also Schoppele. The empty vessel is also known as a baby bottle.

See also

Web links

Wiktionary: Schoppen  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ In Brazilian Portuguese, chope is often used as a term for "beer" due to German immigration .
  2. ^ Badisches Tagblatt, When the “Rastatter Schoppen” shrank considerably, March 1, 2012.
  3. ^ Anne-Marie Dubler : Schoppen. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  4. ^ A b Palatinate Dictionary , Volume V, Column 1411 f.
  5. ↑ a b South Hessian Dictionary , Volume V, Column 716 f.
  6. ↑ a b Hesse-Nassau dictionary , Volume III, column 408.
  7. ↑ Swabian Dictionary , Volume V, Columns 1113 f.
  8. ↑ a b Baden dictionary , Volume IV, page 712 f.
  9. ↑ Georg Kaspar Chelius : Measure and weight book. Third edition. Verlag der Jägerschen Buch-, Papier- und Landkartenhandlung, Frankfurt am Main 1830, with additions by Johann Friedrich Hauschild and a preface by Heinrich Christian Schumacher ; online in the google book search
  10. ↑ South Hessian Dictionary, Volume V, Column 718; Hessen-Nassau Dictionary, Volume V, Column 408.