Kleinzschachwitz

This article covers the Kleinzschachwitz district of Dresden. For the statistical district of the same name in Dresden, see Kleinzschachwitz (statistical district) .

Kleinzschachwitz District of the state capital Dresden Coordinates: 51 ° 0 ′ 25 ″  N , 13 ° 51 ′ 5 ″  E
Height :	110-120 m above sea level NN
Incorporation :	April 1, 1921
Postal code :	01259
Area code :	0351
Location of the district Kleinzschachwitz in Dresden

Kleinzschachwitzer Ufer and Elbe meadows

Kleinzschachwitz is a district in the southeast of the state capital Dresden in the Leuben district . This extends along the south bank of the Elbe opposite the Pillnitz district . Together with Zschieren and Meußlitz , it forms the statistical district of Kleinzschachwitz .

The district is one of the best residential areas in the city because of its loose development with single and multi-family houses and villas. Its location opposite Pillnitz Castle in Dresden's Elbe Valley also enhances the district as a residential area.

Kleinzschachwitz is directly connected to the city center via tram line 2. The nearby city districts and the city of Heidenau can also be reached by bus lines 86 and 88 . The castle ferry, which also translates cars, connects Kleinzschachwitz with Pillnitz.

history

Kleinzschachwitz was first mentioned on July 6, 1310 as “villa Schyzewycz” in a deed of purchase from the Altzella monastery . After an interim name "Zscheisewitz", the name Kleinzschachwitz prevailed in the middle of the 19th century to distinguish it from the neighboring Großzschachwitz .

At times desolate, new buildings were built in the local area in the second half of the 17th century. In 1721 the ferry to Pillnitz Castle on the other side of the Elbe was created. For the ferrymen, until 1911 only members of the Saxon army, the castle-like pontoon barracks, now used as a restaurant, were built on the banks of the Elbe.

The Russian prince Nikolai Abramowitsch Putjatin settled in Kleinzschachwitz in 1797, where he lived until his death in 1830. Here the prince built a country house in an extravagant style with 16 balconies and a small tower for weather observation ("stork's nest") according to his own plans.

Until the middle of the 19th century, the village consisted of only a few houses around today's village square Altkleinzschachwitz. In 1886 Kleinzschachwitz was given its own steamship station , making the quiet place an interesting place to live for wealthy Dresden residents and a destination for excursions. In 1901/02 the representative town hall of Kleinzschachwitz was built. In 1936 there was a direct connection to Dresden by tram, which until then (since 1906) only existed in the direction of Niedersedlitz as part of the Dresden suburban railway .

On April 1, 1921, it was incorporated into the city of Dresden .

Attractions

Putjatin Villa "Stork's Nest"

In today's Putjatinstrasse 26 is the country house "Storchennest" of Prince Nikolai Abramowitsch Putjatin. The Kiev-born prince from the Rurikid rulers had to leave the Russian court after a scandal. So the nobleman came to Kleinzschachwitz and from 1797 built himself a strange villa to offer his daughter with lung disease healthy country air. Before its renovation, 16 balconies and a large roof terrace adorned the villa. The tower was called "Stork's Nest" and served as a weather station. At times there was a slide from the upper floor into the park. The world owes Putyatin many inventions, such as B. his sawing machine for sugar cubes. King Friedrich August I of Saxony is quoted as saying that the man is plenty “mentekapt” (doesn't have all the cups in his cupboard).

Putyatin House

The Putjatinhaus in Dresden-Kleinzschachwitz

The Putjatinhaus is the former Kleinzschachwitz village school, donated by the Russian Prince Nikolai Abramowitsch Putjatin. Against intellectual impoverishment and leveling, Putjatin had a school building built at his expense for Großzschachwitz and Kleinzschachwitz in 1822, which looks like a house of cards and is kept in the old Russian style. He designed the plans himself. Today it is a socio-cultural center.

Fährhaus Kleinzschachwitz (formerly pontoon barracks)

In 1721 a ferry to Pillnitz Castle was set up, which in 1765 was equipped with a yaw cable drive as the “flying ferry”, but until 1849 could only be used by members of the court. The castle-like pontoon barracks on the banks of the Elbe, now used as a restaurant, were built for the ferrymen, who were exclusively members of the Saxon army until 1911.

Therese-Malten-Villa

The Therese-Malten-Villa with Remise and garden in Kleinzschachwitz, Wilhelm-Weitling-Straße 3, was built 1892-1893 for the royal chamber singer Therese Malten (1853-1930).

Kleinzschachwitz Fallen Memorial

The memorial was erected for the victims of the First World War.

Grave site of the forced laborers in the Stephanusfriedhof

In the local satellite camp of the armaments factory of Mühlen & Industrie AG (MIAG) Braunschweig, prisoners of the Flossenbürg concentration camp were obliged to do forced labor from 1943 to 1945. In 1944/45 some of the prisoners died under the inhumane conditions of their detention. The list of the deceased shows a total of 45 prisoners, one of whom was entered by name in the funeral diary. The dead were secretly buried under the supervision of the SS. Sometimes this happened at night on side streets of the cemetery. In January 1952, a grave was created on the site of the former entrance gate next to the main avenue. The exhumed remains of the prisoners were buried here. (6 French, 3 Italians, 31 Poles, 1 Czech, 1 German, 1 Austrian, 1 Kyrgyz, 1 unknown nationality)

Monument to Prince Putyatin

On November 7, 1997, a bronze sculpture of the prince sitting on a sandstone plinth, created by the sculptor Detlef Herrmann, was inaugurated on Putjatinplatz in Kleinzschachwitz to commemorate his work for the community.

present

When the Elbe floods in August 2002 , only parts of the district were flooded, despite the proximity to the river. The old village center and thus essential parts of the place are elevated. Kleinzschachwitz was enclosed by the Elbe.

Personalities

The Stork's Nest Villa, Putjatin's country house in Kleinzschachwitz, around 1837

The former villa "Stork's Nest" of Prince Putyatin, as it was in 2014

Sons and daughters of the church

• Walter Frenzel (1884–1970), textile technician and university professor
• Martin Weis (1907–1970), NSDAP politician and SA leader
• Werner Friese (1946–2016), football goalkeeper

Personalities who have worked on site

• Nikolai Abramowitsch Putjatin , also: Putiatin, Puttiatin and Poutiatine (1749-1830), lived in his country house in Kleinzschachwitz as a philanthropist, founder, philosopher and lovable eccentric. In 1823 he founded the first school for the children of Kleinzschachwitz, today's Putjatinhaus.
• Countess Elisabeth Karlowna von Sievers (August 11, 1746 in Saint Petersburg - 1818) enthused Giacomo Casanova, but married her cousin Jacob Sievers, who administered the north-west of today's Russia and built the Sievers Canal between the Msta and Volkhov rivers. Her second husband was Prince Nikolai Putyatin.
• Therese Malten, nee Therese Müller, (born June 21, 1855 in Insterburg, † January 2, 1930 in Neu-Zschieren near Dresden) was a German opera singer (soprano). Malten had her residence from 1893 to 1930 in Kleinzschachwitz near Dresden. The Therese-Malten-Villa on the banks of the Elbe (opposite Pillnitz Castle) was built by Bruno Müller in the neo-Renaissance style.
• Anton Rubinstein (1829–1894), composer, piano virtuoso and conductor, spent the summer of 1892 here (memorial plaque Fanny-Lewald-Straße 1)
• Otto Försterling (1843–1904), genre and landscape painter
• Thomas Rosenlöcher (* 1947), writer
• Georg von Boddien (1850–1926), portrait and genre painter.
• Oswin Hempel (1876–1965), professor and architect
• Franz Hochmann (born January 17, 1861; † October 19, 1935 Dresden), animal and landscape painter
• Irmgard Uhlig (1910–2011), painter and mountaineer
• Ernst Hirsch (* 1936), filmmaker

See also

• List of cultural monuments in Kleinzschachwitz

literature

• Gert Scykalka: Kleinzschachwitz - from village to villa suburb , in: Barlmeyer, Werner: Dresdner Geschichtsbuch , Vol. 10, Altenburg 2004, DZA-Verlag, pp. 44–81

Web links

Commons : Kleinzschachwitz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Kleinzschachwitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Gert Scykalka: "Kleinzschachwitz - from village to villa suburb." In: Barlmeyer, Werner: Dresdner Geschichtsbuch, Vol. 10, Altenburg 2004, DZA-Verlag, pp. 44–81.
2. ↑ ^{a b} Kleinzschachwitz . Dresden districts. 2012. Retrieved July 6, 2012.
3. ↑ Dresden-Kleinzschachwitz_Putjatin-Villa_Storchennest.jpg
4. ↑ Sources: A. http://www.dresdner-stadtteile.de/Ost/Kleinzschachwitz/kleinzschachwitz.html B. http://www.mietstation-dresden.de/sehenswuerdheiten/faehrhaus-kleinzschachwitz/
5. ↑ Source: http://www.stephanuskirche.org/index.php?id=110
6. ↑ http://www.dh-bildhauer.de/aussen/sub/plast0.php