Augst / Wyhlen barrage
The Augst / Wyhlen barrage on the Rhine includes the Augst and Wyhlen run-of-river power stations and the Augst lock.
The Ergolz flows out on the south side of the Rhine, just above the weir, where it also forms the border between the municipality of Augst in the canton of Basel-Landschaft and Kaiseraugst in the canton of Aargau . The municipality of Grenzach-Wyhlen is located on the north side of the Rhine . The border between Germany and Switzerland runs right in the middle of the weir .
The two hydropower plants Augst and Wyhlen were built together between 1908 and 1912. The construction management was in the hands of engineer P. Miescher, the construction management of the individual sections was distributed as follows: Engineer G. Hunziker had it over the weir, engineer O. Boßhard was responsible for the machine houses, the drainage channel and the shipping lock, the machines and the electrical ones Equipment was the responsibility of the engineer and director E. Oppikofer.
The current operator of the Augst power plant is Kraftwerk Augst AG (KWA) , a member of Axpo . 80% of KWA's shares are held by AEW Energie AG, Aarau, which is wholly owned by the Canton of Aargau , and 20% by the Canton of Basel-Landschaft. The Wyhlen power plant is operated by Energiedienst Holding , Laufenburg AG , the majority of which has been held by EnBW , Karlsruhe, since 2003 .
Legal background
The general permit for the construction of a hydropower plant in the Rhine near Augst was granted by the government of the canton of Aargau on April 20, 1907. This was necessary because 84.4% of the usable gradient is on the Swiss side in the canton of Aargau. The concession for the power plant was granted by the canton of Basel-Landschaft on April 20, 1907. The approval notice from the Baden District Office was issued on March 16, 1907. The storage increase to Kote 264.0 issued by the Swiss side on 23 December 1925 by the Baden side on 30 August 1926th In 1949, the increase in the water level at level 264.1 was granted, but not yet implemented. The first license was granted for 80 years and ran until February 6, 1988.
Barrage
The weir of the Augst / Wyhlen barrage is 212 meters long and has ten gates. A single contactor weighs around 100 tons.
The engineer G. Hunziker was responsible for the construction of the weir. The foundation and masonry work was split up. Defense openings 1 and 2 were made by Buss AG from Basel. Weir openings 3 to 10 were made by AG Conrad Zschokke from Aarau. The contactors and the service bridge were manufactured by Buss AG. The weir bridge was built by Maillart & Cie .
Augst power plant
Of the former ten Francis turbine groups and two exciter groups, two are still in operation, the remaining ones have been replaced by seven Straflo turbine groups installed in the early 1990s . The Francis and Straflo turbines are identical to those of the Wyhlen power plant.
Buss AG from Basel carried out the civil engineering work for the machine house, while the Gebrüder Stamm company from Basel built the buildings. The turbines were supplied by Escher & Wyss . The inlet gates and rakes were built by Buss AG, Von Rollsche Eisenwerke and J. Rüger & Cie. Eight of the ten three-phase generators and all exciter machines were purchased from the Alioth electricity company . The remaining two three-phase generators and the exciter converter group come from Brown, Boveri & Cie. in Baden. The electrical switchgear was supplied by Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon . The electrical cables were supplied by Kabelwerke Brugg . The crane system was manufactured by the St. Jakob machine factory in Basel.
Wyhlen power plant
Five of the former ten Francis turbine groups and two exciter groups are still in operation, the others have been replaced by six Straflo turbine groups installed in the early 1990s. The Francis and Straflo turbines are identical to those of the Augst power plant.
On the roof of the Wyhlen machine hall there is a photovoltaic system with an area of 720 m² and an annual output of approx. 70,000 kWh. Since December 2017, a power-to-gas pilot system for the climate-neutral production of hydrogen using electricity from hydropower has been under construction on the power plant site.
Hydrological data
| Entry of the power plant (Rhine) | 35,000 km³ |
| Mean annual runoff (mean 1935–1993) | 1,032 m³ / s |
| Concession water volume (Augst + Wyhlen) | 1 500 m³ / s |
| Design flood | 5 500 m³ / s |
| Gross head | 4.5-6.7 m |
Machine data
| Type | Penalty | Francis |
|---|---|---|
| Installation (year) | Beginning 1990s | 1908-1912 |
| Flow rate per group | 94 m³ / s | 40 m³ / s |
| Maximum performance per group | 5.45 MW | 2.0 MW |
| Rated speed | 93.75 / min | 107.14 / min |
| Number of turbine wheels per group | 1 | 4th |
| Number of blades (not movable) per size | 4th | 4 × 17 |
| Number of guide vanes (movable) per size | 18th | 4 × 20 |
| Position of the turbine axis | inclined 6.5 ° | horizontal |
| Impeller diameter | 3.8 m | 1.5 m |
Lock Augst
The large shipping lock was originally 90 meters long and 12 meters wide. The foundation and masonry work was carried out by Buss AG and P. & S. Jardini. The miter gates and rotating gates were obtained from the MAN plant in Gustavsburg and installed by Buss AG. The winch also comes from the Gustavsburg plant, the winch motors come from Elektromotoren AG in Birsfelden.
The original lock was replaced by a new building in 1992. As a result, its special feature with the sloping lock chamber walls was lost. The new lock has a usable length of 110 meters, compared to 88 meters of the old one. The usable width remained at 12 meters. The renovation cost around 200 million Swiss francs . It is the last large lock in the Upper Rhine , above the Rhine is still navigable by large ships up to the old Rheinfelden bridge . The lock is passed twice by the scheduled ship Basel – Rheinfelden in midsummer in each direction. It can be remotely controlled and is usually not manned by a lock keeper.
Fish ladders
The entire system has four ways of climbing up the fish. There is a fish ladder on both sides at the top of the machine hall, from the furthest corner of the underwater next to the buildings to the upper water. The first regular fish lift on the Upper Rhine is located on the west side of the Wyhlen power station building near the weir. The fish also use the opportunity to get from the lower water to the upper water via the Augst lock. The lock is regularly flooded and emptied during the fishing season (April to October), even without ships, in order to give the fish the opportunity to swim around the weir and the engine houses.
Surroundings
When the power plants were built, the Rhine was dammed by around eight meters, which resulted in a change in the former river landscape. Nevertheless, it cannot be seen from the landscape today that it is artificial. The dammed oxbow above the Rhine on the side of the municipality of Wyhlen is a nature reserve . Since the Schengen Agreement, border crossing via the weir has been open all day for pedestrians and cyclists, previously only from 5 a.m. to 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. Together with the Kaiseraugst – Herten ferry, a circular hike is possible and signposted. Along this path there are many information boards that provide information about nature, the protected area, the history of the power plant and the Rhine, as well as the power plants themselves.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Swiss Water Management Association and Association of Swiss Electricity Companies (ed.): Guide through the Swiss water and electricity industry , Volume 2, 1949, pp. 107–212.
- ↑ Energiedienst builds a power-to-gas system
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The next bridge upstream: Rheinfelder Brücke |
Bridges over the Rhine |
The next bridge downstream: Birsfelden power plant |
Coordinates: 47 ° 32 '14.2 " N , 7 ° 42' 27.2" E ; CH1903: six hundred twenty thousand two hundred forty-nine / 265207