Kembs power station
| Kembs power station | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
||
| location | ||
|
||
| Coordinates | 47 ° 39 '19 " N , 7 ° 31' 10" E | |
| country |
France Haut-Rhin department |
|
| place | Loechlé | |
| Waters | Rhine canal | |
| Height upstream | 243 m above sea level M. | |
| power plant | ||
| operator | EdF | |
| Start of planning | 1921 | |
| construction time | 1928-1932 | |
| Start of operation | 1932 | |
| technology | ||
| Bottleneck performance | 160 megawatts | |
| Average height of fall |
14.2 m | |
| Expansion flow | 1,400 m³ / s | |
| Standard work capacity | 855 million kWh / year | |
| Turbines | 2 × Kaplan turbine 4 × propeller turbine |
|
| Others | ||
| was standing | 2018 | |
The Kembs power plant is a run-of-river power plant owned by Électricité de France on the Rhine canal in France . The backwater of the power plant extends as far as Basel , which is why Switzerland is entitled to 20% of the energy generated in the power plant. When it was commissioned in 1932, the power plant was considered one of the most important river power plants in Europe. Additional doping power plants, which went into operation in 1966 and 2016, were built to use the remaining water.
history
As early as the 1890s, the bustling Alsatian engineer René Koechlin had the idea of using the hydropower of the Rhine for industry. In 1902 Koechlin presented the unusual and bold project for a power plant on a Rhine canal for the time. He immediately started negotiations with the governments concerned and the Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine in order to obtain a concession for the project. In 1910, Koechlin founded the Forces Motrices du Haut-Rhin to build power plants . The concession negotiations came to a deadlock in 1912, which could only be overcome after the First World War .
In the Versailles Treaty in 1919, France was granted the sole right to develop the Rhine as a border river between Germany and France.
René Koechlin resumed his negotiations in the same year and presented a new dossier for an overall project to build the Rhine canal between Basel and Strasbourg . Eight barrages with a power station and locks were planned.
In 1921 France presented the Kembs power station project to the Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine . The proposal was approved in 1922, and the concession was extended in 1924, so that the dam of the power plant could extend to the mouth of the Birs . Switzerland's lost use of the gradient between the mouth of the Birs and the national border was compensated for by energy purchase rights.
The power plant owned by Energie Electrique du Rhin , based in Mulhouse , went into operation in 1932, just at a time when the French economy was stagnating. Under these conditions, the power plant had big problems to offset the energy produced, although a 220 kV - high voltage line had been built to Paris and 1934, the pumped storage plant Lac Noir began operations. The Energie Electrique du Rhin was therefore not interested in further to a continuation of the Grand Canal d'Alsace and the construction of power plants.
The Kembs power station was badly damaged in the Second World War , but was then restored. The power station was nationalized in 1946 and has been part of Électricité de France (EDF) ever since .
In 1966 a dispensing center was put into operation at the Märkt Wehr .
The first 75-year license expired in 2007. It was extended until 2035, subject to increased residual water volumes. The environmental requirements mainly concerned the minimum amount of water at the Kembs and Märkt weirs.
In October 2016, additional doping turbines , a new fish pass , a beaver pass and an old Rhine arm on French. Site built and put into operation. The legally prescribed residual water volume in the Rhine depends on the season and the actual runoff in the Rhine, with a maximum of 52 m³ / s instead of 20 m³ / s in winter and 150 m³ / s instead of 30 m³ / s in summer.
technology
The power plant is located near Loéchlé, a district of Kembs, and uses the gradient at the Isteiner Klotz . It is the first power plant on the Rhine canal, which is derived from the Rhine about six kilometers above the machine house through the Märkt weir.
Built in 1932 weir Märkt is 170 m wide and 5 m openings with a clear width of 30th To the west of the weir is the center A for the turbination of residual water. A little further north is the center K , which went into operation in 2016, with two doping turbines that are designed as S turbines . The K in the name stands for René K öchlin, the engineer and project author of the Kembs power plant and the Rhine canal , but also for K raft and K embs.
Two Kaplan turbines and four propeller turbines are housed in the machine hall of the power plant , the latter being very similar to the Kaplan turbines, except that they have no blade adjustment. The total output of the power plant is 160 MW. An average of 855 GWh of electrical energy is produced annually, of which one fifth, i.e. 171 GWh, belongs to Switzerland.
For navigation on the canal, a lock with two lock chambers was built in a parallel section of the canal . The two lock chambers are 25 m wide and 20 m deep, one is 190 m, the other 183 m long. The locks are operated by Electricité de France (EDF, owned by the French state).
The EDF control center, which coordinates and remotely controls all run-of-river power stations along the Rhine, is located in Kembs.
| investment | location | Municipal area | Installation | Machine house [m. ü. M.] |
el. power in MW |
Turbines | Fall height in m |
Expansion flow in m³ / s |
comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weir markets | 47.61923 ° N , 7.57246 ° O | Weil am Rhein , Village-Neuf | 1932 | 14.2 | Weir to divert the Rhine canal | ||||
| Kembs engine house | 47.65525 ° N , 7.51959 ° O | Kembs | 1932 | 241.5 | 160 | 2 × Kaplan turbine 4 × propeller turbine |
14.2 | 1400 | Main headquarters |
| Headquarters A | 47.6192 ° N , 7.57098 ° O | Village-Neuf | 1966 | 233 | 2.85 | 2 | 11 | 27 | Doping power plant next to the weir for the Old Rhine |
| Headquarters B | 47.61984 ° N , 7.56838 ° O | Village-Neuf | 2016 | 234 | 8.4 | 2 × S turbine | 11 | 90 | Doping power plant next to the weir for the Old Rhine |
| Fish pass | 47.61984 ° N , 7.56838 ° O | Village-Neuf | 2016 | 234 | no | 11 | 8th |
swell
- The hydropower plants on the Franco-German Rhine ( Memento from August 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 2.9 MB). EDF brochure on power plants and locks.
- EDF, unié de production Est - GEH Rhin (ed.): Les aménagements hydroélectriques du Rhin franco-allemand . ( edf.fr [PDF] current brochure in French).
- EDF, Unité de Production Est (ed.): La Centrale K - and nouvelle usine hydroélectrique sur le Rhin . ( edf.com [PDF]).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Kembs headquarters (No. 110500) . In: Federal Office of Energy SFOE (Ed.): Statistics of the hydropower plants in Switzerland (WASTA) .
- ↑ Remarkable details on the Rhine weir for the Kembs power plant . In: Schweizerische Bauzeitung . tape 105 , no. 1 , 1935, p. 1 , doi : 10.5169 / seals-47369 .
- ↑ a b Nekrolog . In: Schweizerische Bauzeitung . tape 69 , no. 36 , September 8, 1951, pp. 507 .
- ^ A b Hans H. Kempe: The balance sheet: 10 years of the Treaty of Versailles: German politicians assess the consequences of the treaty . Reinhard Welz Vermittler Verlag eK, 2008, ISBN 978-3-938622-18-6 , p. 265–.
- ^ The backwater of the Rhine on Swiss territory to the mouth of the Birs, through the Kembs power station . In: Schweizerische Bauzeitung . tape 84 , no. 18 , 1924, doi : 10.5169 / seals-82897 ( e-periodica.ch ).
- ↑ René Koechlin . In: Les Koechlin vous parlent . No. 3 , December 1979, pp. 1-2 ( koechlin.net [PDF]).
- ↑ a b c d L'aménagement hydroélectrique de Kembs. Association Au fil du Rhin, accessed April 20, 2019 (fr-fr).
- ↑ Hans-Joachim Schnäkel: EDF leadership Centrale K . Ed .: Regioboot. S. 5 ( regioboot.ch [PDF]).
- ↑ Central No. 110500: Kembs . In: Office fédéral de l'énergie, Section Force hydraulique (ed.): Statistique des aménagements hydroélectriques de la Suisse . 1st January 2018.