Lac Noir (Vosges)
| Lac Noir (Vosges) | |||||||||
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| Coordinates | 48 ° 6 '45 " N , 7 ° 5' 50" E | ||||||||
| Data on the structure | |||||||||
| Lock type: | Earth and stone embankments | ||||||||
| Construction time: | Power plant: 1928–1933 | ||||||||
| Power plant output: | 80 MW | ||||||||
| Operator: | Electricity de France | ||||||||
| Data on the reservoir | |||||||||
| Altitude (at congestion destination ) | 950.5 m | ||||||||
| Water surface | 15.5 ha | ||||||||
| Maximum depth | 45 m | ||||||||
| Storage space | 126 000 m³ | ||||||||
| Total storage space : | 2 000 000 m³ | ||||||||
| Catchment area | 2.28 km² | ||||||||
| Particularities: |
Power plant out of operation since 2002, headquarters demolished in 2014, new construction project available |
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The Lac Noir (Black Lake) is a dammed Karsee in the Vosges . The lake was the lower basin of the Lac Noir pumped storage power plant , which has been out of operation since 2002.
location
The ice age mountain lake lies below the main ridge of the Vosges at 950 m above sea level. NN above Orbey and Kaysersberg in the Haut-Rhin department in the Grand Est region .
To the north of Lac Noir lies Lac Blanc , from which it is separated by the Reisberg, south of Lac Noir lies Lac des Truites , also known as Lac Forlet. Above the west bank begins plateau of the Hautes Chaumes .
There is a car park with a restaurant on the east bank of Lac Noir.
Lac Noir pumped storage power plant
technology
The Lac Noir and the higher Lac Blanc form a pumped storage power plant . In this case, water is pumped from Lac Noir with inexpensive night electricity into Lac Blanc, which is located north and higher, and is drained from this again to generate electricity to Lac Noir when there is peak demand.
A pressure tunnel with a diameter of 5.5 m leads from Lac Blanc with a slight incline to a pressure shaft with a diameter of 4.5 m, which leads with a 60 ° incline to the level of the machine house on the north-western bank of the Lac Noir. So that the lake could be used as a lower basin of the pumped storage power plant, it had to be dammed up by an earth and stone embankment on the east bank.
The power plant had an output of 80 MW. In the machine house there were four vertical pump turbines from Escher Wyss with Francis wheels , each turbine being able to process 25 m³ / s of water with a head of 120 m . In pumping mode, machine sets 1 to 3 could each process a water volume of 13 m³ / s , machine set 4 only a water volume of 9 m³ / s .
history
The pumped storage power plant was built to store excess energy from the Kembs hydropower plant during off-peak times . Construction of the facility began in 1928. After the site had been surveyed by a Swiss geometer , the excavation of the pressure shaft and pressure tunnel began in October 1930. The underground work was completed after a year.
When operations began on January 4, 1934, the pressure line of the power plant broke. A 20 m high fountain shot out of the machine house and destroyed all intermediate floors and the roof of the building. Nine workers at the power station were killed in this serious accident. The cause was a material defect in a collar of a manhole that was not part of the delivery by Escher Wyss.
In 2002, the power plant was shut down after the pressure pipe was damaged and flooded the basement of the machine house.
The machine house was demolished in 2014 and is to be replaced by a central shaft with better efficiency . The variable-speed pump turbine should have an output of 55 MW. The construction costs of the project amount to 70 million euros, the construction time is to be six years. In the absence of profitability, the new headquarters has not yet been built.
literature
- E. Jaquet: Installation d'accumulation hydraulic du Lac Noir . In: La Houille Blanche . No. 4 , 1933, doi : 10.1051 / lhb / 1933017 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lac Noir Dam (Orbey). In: structurae. .
- ↑ G. Beghi: Energy Storage and Transportation: Prospects for New Technologies . Taylor & Francis, 1981, ISBN 978-90-277-1166-3 , pp. 249 ( google.de ).
- ↑ Benoît Robyns, Bruno François, Gauthier Delille, Christophe Saudemont: Energy Storage in Electric Power Grids . John Wiley & Sons, 2015, ISBN 978-1-119-05870-0 , 2.4.2 Exercise: Lac Noir station, p. 27 ff . ( google.de ).
- ↑ René Koechlin . In: Les Koechlin vous parlent . No. 3 , December 1979, pp. 1-2 ( koechlin.net [PDF]).
- ↑ G. Albrecht: A tunnel marking out . In: Swiss journal for surveying and cultural technology . tape 31 , 1933, pp. 210 ff ., doi : 10.5169 / seals-194025 ( e-periodica.ch ).
- ↑ Il ya 80 ans, un drame à l'usine hydroélectrique du Lac Noir, à Orbey. In: L'Alsace. January 6, 2014 (FR-FR).
- ↑ A propos de la catastrophe du Lac Noir . In: La Houille Blanche . tape 33 , no. 205-206 . Grenoble, doi : 10.1051 / lhb / 1934001 .
- ^ Accident dramatique dans une centrale hydroélectrique. In: Enerzine. Retrieved June 10, 2019 (Fri-Fri, comment below the article mentioning a similar accident at Lac Noir).
- ↑ Entre les falaises de granit du lac Blanc et du lac Noir. In: Le Républicain Lorrain. July 18, 2015 (FR-FR).
- ↑ La centrale EDF du Lac Noir mise à bas. In: L'Alsace.fr. August 7, 2014 (FR-FR).