Schaffhausen power plant
| Schaffhausen power plant | ||
|---|---|---|
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| location | ||
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| Coordinates | 689 487 / 283135 | |
| country |
 Switzerland
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| place | Schaffhausen | |
| Waters | Rhine | |
| Height upstream | 390.8 m above sea level M. | |
| power plant | ||
| operator | Kraftwerk Schaffhausen AG | |
| Start of planning | 1946 | |
| construction time | 1961-1967 | |
| Start of operation | 1963 | |
| technology | ||
| Bottleneck performance | 26 megawatts | |
| Turbines | 2 Kaplan turbines | |
| Others | ||
The Schaffhausen power plant is a run-of-river power plant on the Rhine near Schaffhausen . It was built between 1961 and 1967 to replace the almost 100-year-old Moserdamm and is the highest power plant on the Upper Rhine .
power plant
Engine house and weir
View of the Schaffhausen power plant
The machine house
Upper water
The machine house and the weir fit harmoniously into the Rhine landscape. The flat machine house houses two machine sets. The gantry crane with a lifting capacity of 120 tons is used for assembly and inspection work on the machine sets and the weir. The usable water is led through the inlet rakes and inlet spirals to the two Kaplan turbines . After the turbines, the water flows out through suction pipes into the underwater . For overhaul work, metal dam beams can be placed in front of the inlet rake and at the suction pipe outlet with the help of the gantry crane . This means that the building can be walked on after the residual water has been pumped out. The driftwood that accumulates is conveyed through rinsing channels in troughs with the help of an automatic trash rack cleaning machine. The two turbine generator units , each with 19,650 PS / 18,000 kVA, are housed in the flat machine house. They work in block connection on 20,000 kVA three-winding regulating transformers 10/10/110 kV. The generated energy is fed into the network of the power station of the city of Schaffhausen or into the distribution network of Axpo AG (until October 2009 Nordostschweizerische Kraftwerke AG NOK) , depending on the output and demand . The weir consists of three openings, each 15 m wide. In between there are two 4.2 m wide and 9.0 m high pillars made of reinforced concrete that rest on a 4.0 m thick foundation. The lock height is 7.1 m. Oil-hydraulically driven segment gates with flaps are built into the weir openings . The weir is controlled automatically. A public footpath leads over the weir.
Barrage and flood protection
The power plant dams the Rhine to a height of exactly 390.8 m above sea level. M. ( Feuerthaler Brücke ) This value is maintained to the centimeter throughout the year. The backwater reaches when the water is low to above, and when the water is high to below the Diessenhofen, about 10 km away . The Schaffhausen power plant therefore has no influence on the water level of the Untersee or even Lake Constance .
On a long-term average, the annual flow rate of the Rhine is 370 m³ / s, at low water it is 100 m³ / s. During floods like in 1999, the flow rate is over 1200 m³ / s. The barrage is dimensioned for a maximum flow rate of 1250 m³ / s. Until the power plant was built, the lower town and the Fischerhouses area in particular were flooded regularly. This danger could be completely averted.
Environmental protection measures
There is a fish ladder on the left bank . According to the license, the 13.6 km stretch of the Rhine used extends from the Rhine Falls to via Diessenhofen . In this area, the power plant operator is responsible for bank protection. In recent years, sea walls have been dismantled in several places and the banks have been renatured.
planning
It was already clear after the Second World War that the old Moserdamm was no longer able to cope with the ever-increasing demand for electricity from the growing city and industry, despite constant capacity increases. The city council therefore began the project planning phase in 1946 under the leadership of the city president Walther Bringolf . The power plant was planned together with Nordostschweizerische Kraftwerke AG NOK . During the referendum campaign, the partnership was heavily criticized. The project almost threatened to fail. Despite the bitter voting campaign, the electorate decided in 1957 with 4106 to 1932 votes to build the new power plant. On July 1, the license application was submitted to the Federal Council . On June 24, 1960, the latter granted the concession for the construction and operation of the Schaffhausen border power station . The District Office of Konstanz had already granted the German license on February 29th. Both concessions were set for 80 years from the commissioning of the power plant. Kraftwerk Schaffhausen AG with share capital of CHF 10 million was founded on July 19, 1960 for the construction. The city of Schaffhausen participated with 50%, the Nordostschweizerische Kraftwerke AG NOK with 30% and the canton Schaffhausen with 20%.
construction
The old Moserdamm and the rapids had to be removed for the construction. The construction work proceeded rapidly. The new power plant was already generating its first electricity on November 30, 1963. The entire structure was then completed in 1967. The construction costs amounted to approx. CHF 90 million. The newly created barrage line required extensive adjustments to the banks. At the same time, the Rheinuferstrasse, the new Rhine bridge , the ship landing stage and the Lindli promenade were built to Stemmer . Mining material from the Herblingertal industrial area, which was also built at the same time, was used for the necessary embankments . As a result, the Rhine at Schaffhausen became a few meters narrower.
Retrofits and revisions
In the years 1993 to 1997 all guidance and control systems including the central control center were modernized at a cost of around CHF 30 million. After more than 40 years of operation, i.e. half of the license period, a major overhaul was carried out on both machine groups between 2006 and 2008. With the help of the large overhead traveling crane, the two 64-tonne turbines were lifted out of their 15-meter-deep shafts and transported to a special factory in Germany for inspection. The generators, each weighing 108 tons, and the inlet rakes were also overhauled. The revision work cost around CHF 14 million.
Expansion idea
Technically, it would be possible to increase the output of the power plant with comparatively little effort. If the Rhine were to be dammed 20 to 30 centimeters higher in winter, when the Rhine had little water anyway, the output of the power plant could be increased by up to 5%. This would correspond to an increase in output of around eight to ten million kWh, as much as the annual consumption of 1,600 single-family houses. The banks in the area of the barrage would have to be adapted for the higher accumulation. There are currently some legal hurdles in the way of increasing performance. The two licenses would have to be adjusted. In addition, Article 19 of the Water Management Act of the Canton of Schaffhausen expressly forbids better technical use of hydropower. The effects on the environment would also have to be clarified in advance. The city and canton of Schaffhausen as well as the operating company are interested.
Engeweiher pumped storage plant
| Schaffhausen power plant | ||
|---|---|---|
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| location | ||
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| Coordinates | 687802 / 284183 | |
| country |
Switzerland
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| place | Schaffhausen | |
| Waters | Rhine | |
| power plant | ||
| construction time | 1907-1909 | |
| technology | ||
| Bottleneck performance | 5 megawatts | |
| Average height of fall |
144 m | |
| Turbines | 1 Francis turbine | |
| Others | ||
| Website | [1] | |
In the years 1907 to 1909, the Engeweiher pumped storage plant was built above the city in the direction of Randen . It was the first storage power plant in Switzerland. Most of the construction was done by hand. During the night, excess electricity is used to pump Rhine water through a 2,200 m long pressure pipe into the basin 144 meters higher. At peak times, the water is drained back into the Rhine and electricity is produced using a Francis turbine . The pond content is 90,000 m³, of which 70,000 m³ can be used for electricity production. The nominal output is 5,000 kW. The efficiency is 65%. Between 1991 and 1993 the basin and the pressure pipe were comprehensively renewed. In summer 2011, the turbine and generator were renovated and the pond was repaired.
In 1962 the fishery overseer at the time released a catfish that had been captured near Ermatingen in the pond. In 1998 the animal was 165 centimeters and weighed 50 pounds. The animal died of old age in March 2002 after an estimated 60 years of life.
Between 1925 and 1965 the Engeweiher served the Schaffhausen swimming club as a training pool.
literature
- Kraftwerk Schaffhausen AG brochure: From our own resources
Web links
- Homepage Schaffhausen power plant ( page no longer available )
- www.schaffhausen-foto-archiv.ch: Pictures from the old Moserdamm
- City Archives Schaffhausen: Construction of the Engeweiher
Individual evidence
- ↑ M. Martinola: Photoelastic investigations on the weir pillars of the Schaffhausen power station . Schweizerische Bauzeitung, Volume 80, Issue 43, October 25, 1962, pp. 725–729.
- ↑ Schaffhauser Nachrichten of March 8, 2008
- ↑ Schaffhauser Nachrichten of April 1, 2011, thinking about a higher damming of the Rhine
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original dated February 6, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Schaffhauser Nachrichten of March 11, 2011
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The next bridge up the river: Rheinbrücke Schaffhausen – Feuerthalen |
Bridges over the Rhine |
The next bridge downstream: Rheinbrücke Schaffhausen – Flurlingen |