Rötteln Castle

Rötteln Castle
Aerial view of Rötteln Castle from the southeast
Alternative name (s):	Röttler Castle
Creation time :	before 1259
Castle type :	Höhenburg ( spur location )
Conservation status:	Ruin, partly preserved
Construction:	Humpback cuboid
Place:	Loerrach - Haagen
Geographical location	47 ° 38 '17.5 "  N , 7 ° 40' 4.8"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 38 '17.5 "  N , 7 ° 40' 4.8"  E
Height:	417  m above sea level NN

The Burg Rötteln is the ruin of a spur Burg above the eponymous Weiler Rötteln within the boundaries of the Lörracher local part Haagen in the southwest of Baden-Württemberg . Popularly known as Röttler Schloss , the castle with two large defensive towers was one of the most powerful in the southwest and is the third largest castle ruin in Baden . It has been preserved from further deterioration since the 19th century . Characteristic is rotated against the longitudinal axis of the castle erected dungeon .

The Höhenburg Rötteln ( 417  m above sea  level ) is located on a mountain spur that emerges from an eastern slope that slopes steeply into the front meadow valley and is therefore visible from afar. It was temporarily the residence of the Lords of Rötteln , Margraves of Sausenberg and Margraves of Baden-Durlach . In the Thirty Years War it was fought over and badly damaged. It finally lost its importance after its destruction in the Dutch War in 1678 . Today, Rötteln Castle is an important landmark and a magnet for the city of Lörrach and the surrounding area. The castle complex is under the administration of the State Palaces and Gardens of Baden-Württemberg .

history

The Lords of Rötteln

→ Main article : Rötteln (noble family)

Coat of arms of the Lords of Rötteln

Rötteln Castle was first mentioned in a document in 1259, when Counts Rudolf and Gottfried von Habsburg drew up a list of their fiefs from the Murbach Monastery , which also included the castrum de Rötelnhein . The Habsburgs had passed the castle on to the Lords of Rötteln as an after-fief . This noble-free sex has been documented since 1102/03 and was wealthy in the southern Breisgau and there especially in the valleys of the Great and Small Meadows . Rötteln is also the name of a hamlet near the castle , which was mentioned in a document as raudinleim as early as 751. The noble family could also be named after this hamlet and is therefore no evidence of the existence of the castle in the early 12th century. Structural evidence gives no clear indication of the castle's construction either; of the mid-12th to the early 13th century dated keep , however, points to a creation well before 1259 out parts of the Palas seem to have been built around the 1200th

The lords of Rötteln were mentioned in documents more frequently in the early 13th century and obtained high offices: Walther von Rötteln became canon in 1209 , later cathedral provost in Constance and in 1213 bishop of Basel . After his deposition in 1215, he returned to the Konstanz cathedral chapter. His brother Lüthold (I.) also embarked on a spiritual career and was also Bishop of Basel from 1238 to 1248. Among the secular lords, there was probably between the brothers Konrad and Dietrich in the first half of the 13th century in a property division: While Konrad continues named after Rötteln, Dietrich moved apparently to at Wieslet located Burg Rotenberg and named after her. Konrad von Rötteln probably had another castle built near Schopfheim in the middle Wiesental and elevated the place to town. He was married to a daughter of Count Ulrich von Neuenburg and had three sons, of whom Lüthold II entered the Basel cathedral chapter, while Otto and Walter, who died early, administered the Rötteln reign.

Seal of Konrad von Rötteln from a document from 1254

In the time of the 13th and early 14th centuries, when the family became more clearly evident in the documents and two Basel bishops were appointed, several extensions of the castle probably took place: by the early 14th century at the latest, the hall was enlarged and around the same time the South tower erected. Recent studies have also shown that at least parts of the curtain wall around the lower castle date from the 13th century and thus possibly from the time of Lüthold I or Konrad.

At the beginning of the 14th century, another Röttler, Lüthold II, was about to be appointed bishop of Basel ; twice he was elected by the cathedral chapter, but both times the pope chose a different candidate, which the second time triggered a multi-year bishops' dispute, at the end of which Lüthold and his party were defeated. During the bishops' dispute, Lüthold had to take care of the Röttler succession: his brother Otto had probably died around 1305, Otto's son Walter (III) shortly afterwards, either in 1310 or 1311. Otto's daughter was with Margrave Rudolf von Hachberg-Sausenberg married, who initially took over the administration of the Röttel property together with Lüthold. However, Rudolf died in 1313 and Lüthold had to take over sole management until he bequeathed all of his property to his great-nephew, Rudolf's son Heinrich von Hachberg-Sausenberg , in December 1315 . Lüthold II died on May 19, 1316 and with him the Röttler lords of the male line died out. Property and castle came to the Margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg .

The Margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg

→ Main article : Margraviate Hachberg-Sausenberg

Tomb of Rudolf III. von Hachberg-Sausenberg in the Röttler Church . The margrave had not only had the Röttler church rebuilt and expanded, but also had a lot of building activity on the castle.

The Margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg were a branch of the Margraves of Hachberg , who were divided between Heinrich III. and Rudolf I at the end of the 13th century. The seat and namesake of this branch was the Sausenburg east of Sitzenkirch . For the Sausenbergers, the Röttler legacy meant a significant increase in power that probably tripled their area of ​​rule. As a result, Rötteln Castle became the focus of an enlarged aristocratic rule: the Sausenbergers probably moved to Rötteln before 1317, and the name of the inherited castle and rule was included in the naming of the margraves.

Possibly as a result of inheritance disputes over the Röttler rule, the castle was besieged in autumn 1332: One of the margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg had stabbed the Basel mayor, probably Burkard Wernher von Ramstein, whereupon a Basel army moved in front of the castle, but she did not conquered: The conflict was then settled through the mediation of the Basel landed nobility. It is disputed whether the Basel earthquake in 1356 caused damage to the castle. Jürgen Krüger affirms this due to the damage to the Basel Minster and assumes major damage, of which only the solidly built keep could have been spared. Werner Meyer and Werner Wild point out, however, that the castle was not mentioned as destroyed or damaged by contemporary chroniclers and therefore assume at most minor damage.

Under Margrave Rudolf III. the parish church in the village of Rötteln was expanded, and at the Rötteln Castle, as it were, increased construction activity is assumed, although its scope is not completely clear. However, in Rudolf's time, among other things, a summerhus, probably located near the Palas and inhabited in the summer months, and a Söller on the southern tower appear in the documents. For a long time it was assumed that the outer bailey was only built under the Margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg, but recent excavations suggest that at least parts of it were built during the Röttler lords. Should the outer bailey fall into the Hachberg-Sausenberg era, Rudolf III would be. been a likely builder. A second, outer wall ring around parts of the main castle is also dated to the 14th or 15th century; A second cistern in the main castle is mentioned for 1420, and there seems to have been another one in the outer castle. With the purchase of the Neuenstein estate - located between the Middle Wiesen- and Wehratal - Rudolf was also able to enlarge his territory; In 1403 King Ruprecht granted the town of Lörrach, not far from Rötteln Castle, market rights. There was not yet a city elevation; The only town in Rudolf's margraviate remained Schopfheim, the administrative center was Röttler Burg. Rudolf III. was also responsible for another significant historical testimony: Probably between 1396 and 1428 various scribes at the court of the margrave wrote the Rötteler Chronik , a family chronicle of the margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg-Rötteln.

Coat of arms of the Margraves of Hachberg on Rötteln

Under Rudolf's son, Margrave Wilhelm , a departure from the ancestral lands on the Upper Rhine began; Wilhelm was often on a diplomatic mission and held positions such as that of governor at the Basel Council or Austrian governor in Sundgau , Alsace , Breisgau and the Black Forest. He only spent a few time at Rötteln Castle, where an official administration headed by a bailiff administered the margraviate. In the middle of the 15th century, however, Wilhelm was heavily in debt, with some costly feuds of his father Rudolf III. may have played a role and handed over the rulers of Rötteln and Sausenberg to his two sons Hugo and Rudolf (IV.) . With Rudolf IV the shift of the center of rule away from the Upper Rhine continued: Although his guardian Johann von Freiburg gave him the rule of Badenweiler in 1444 and thereby increased the property of the Hachberg-Sausenbergers in Breisgau (the so-called Markgräflerland still today ). However, Rudolf also grew up with Johann in Neuchâtel and in 1457 inherited the county of Neuchâtel , making him a Burgundian feudal man and as Marquis de Rothelin often stayed at the Burgundian court of Duke Philip the Good . Rudolf owned a castle in Dijon , so he had little interest in life at Rötteln Castle and probably only lived there very rarely.

On July 9, 1454, the Burgundian Duke, Philip the Good, visited Margrave Rudolf IV at Rötteln Castle, who saw the splendor of court life for a day. The Duke was accompanied by a large group of around 300 horses.

The Duke was on his way back from the so-called Turkish Reichstag in Regensburg to meet Emperor Friedrich III. and which lasted from April 23 to May 21, 1454. It was about plans to retake Constantinople . The company had made its way via Freiburg im Breisgau and Neuenburg am Rhein . The next day we went to Basel and from there to Neuenburg am See, where the duke was accompanied by the margrave.

As the seat of the margravial administration, the outer bailey was expanded and probably got its more or less final appearance around 1460. On the main castle, a tower was added to the inner Bering , which can be dated to 1471 by means of a base inscription. The outer castle gate leading into the outer bailey contains a coat of arms of Rudolf IV and is dated to 1468.

Rudolf's son Philipp also probably spent most of his childhood far away from Rötteln and entered the court of Charles the Bold of Burgundy at the age of 16 . After his death, however, he sided with France and married Maria of Savoy, a niece of the French king. At the French court he was among others Marshal of Burgundy and Governor of Provence . In 1490, however, he signed an inheritance contract with his “cousin” Margrave Christoph von Baden (in fact, the two were only very closely related) , according to which the other would inherit the rule in the event of the death of one without heir. The contract became known as the Rötteler Gemächte and was made known to the respective administrations of the margravates of Baden and Hachberg-Rötteln. At Rötteln Castle, Philipp probably had the palace modernized again and / or a new portal built there, which, according to a corresponding inscription, can be dated to 1494. Nevertheless, Philipp was probably only rarely at his castle. In the Swabian War of 1499 he fought on the side of the French king and the confederates and thus even against his own bailiff, who ruled on Rötteln, who was in the ranks of the Habsburgs. Philipp died in 1503 on one of his Burgundian possessions, his body was buried in Neuenburg am See. Only his heart was buried, as he had ordered, in the Röttler parish church.

The Margraves of Baden and their loss of importance

Georg Friedrich von Baden-Durlach, the last margrave who resided at Rötteln Castle.

Just two weeks after Philip's death, on September 24, 1503, Christoph I of Baden accepted the homage of the Sausenberg estates and then moved into Rötteln Castle as the new master. The inheritance contract was quickly implemented and Philip's Burgundian heirs were left with only verbal and diplomatic protests. The dominions of Rötteln, Sausenberg and Badenweiler became and remained part of the margraviate of Baden (or later the margravate of Baden-Durlach ), the castle of Rötteln also remained a dominant center for these areas. An important structural change made by the margraves of Baden was the fortification of the Kapf judicial and judicial site in front of the outer bastion as a bastion . Nevertheless, the castle no longer played the role in the margraviate of Baden that it played in the days of the Röttler and Sausenbergers: despite the bastion, it remained out of date in terms of fortification, but was not converted into a residential palace. The castle was only once again, from 1590 to 1595 under Margrave Georg Friedrich , the seat of a regent. Until its destruction it had mainly the function of the rulership and administrative center for the Oberamt Rötteln .

Occupation in the Peasants' War in 1525

See also : Section “Margrave Ernst and the Peasants' War” in Ernst von Baden-Durlach

The castle was also a site of the Peasant War . In 1525 it had a margraves' garrison under Landvogt Konrad Dietrich von Bolsenheim , which was reinforced by nobles from the surrounding area. Margrave Ernst sought support from the city of Basel in order to protect the castle from attacks and his bailiff requested a specific 30-man Basel crew with 2 councilors for Rötteln Castle. The margrave himself was in Breisach am Rhein on May 15 , because he had left this city in time for the siege of Freiburg im Breisgau by a peasant army. From Breisach he asked the Basel council for a personal interview.

The peasantry intercepted messengers and thus learned of the intentions of the Basel people, whereupon they hurriedly moved in front of the castle and demanded entry, which the governor granted them for 50 men in return for the assurance that the castle would not be damaged. The farmers brought the existing artillery with ammunition to the siege of Freiburg . The governor and the land clerk, Balthasar Gut, refused to comply with the peasants' request and join their revolt, whereupon they were initially detained. But on intervention from Basel they were allowed to go soon.

In a letter of complaint from July 1525, the margravial administration accused the farmers of breaking into the archive and destroying files. In addition, the supplies were looted. The farmers contradicted this, asserting that the files were no longer completely stored on red cheeses and that they themselves had suffered damage through the destruction of contracts for the “landscape”. The supplies were only used to feed the farming crew in the castle. The occupation of Rötteln and the other margravial castles ( Sausenburg and Badenweiler ) was carried out to protect them from damage by other peasant groups - especially by the Black Forest group under Hans Müller . The peasantry saw the castles not only as margrave fortifications, but also as state fortresses. After the first serious defeats by neighboring peasant groups, the Markgräfler withdrew from northern Breisgau and were back in their villages on May 30th. The occupation of the castles was probably ended by this date.

In the winter of 1525/26 and in the spring of 1526, margrave cavalry troops roamed the surrounding area from Rötteln Castle to pick up peasants who were fleeing or who were returning from Switzerland and who were accused of participating in the uprising. In April 1526, 14 death sentences were carried out at the place of execution at Rötteln Castle (Kapf). It remains unclear whether the political leaders of the peasantry were punished or whether riots were punished as part of the uprising. The fate of most of the leaders known by name is unknown, and two are known to have escaped with their lives. However, one of these two has forfeited all margravial fiefs, with which his economic livelihood was destroyed.

Thirty Years' War

Bernhard von Sachsen-Weimar took the castle by storm in March 1638

The castle was fought over in the Thirty Years War from 1633. On May 9th, ^July / May 19, 1633 ^greg. Badenweiler Castle was captured by the imperial troops from Breisach Fortress and in the following days Rötteln Castle was also taken by the imperial troops of Count Montecuccoli and with the support of Margrave Hermann Fortunat von Baden-Rodemachern, where they lost two guns.

On June 23 ^jul. / July 3, 1633 ^greg. the imperial garrison of Rötteln Castle capitulated to the Swedish troops of the Rhine Count Otto Ludwig . The entire imperial garrison agreed to enter Swedish service, but was only partially accepted.

After the heavy losses in the Battle of Nördlingen in September 1634, the Swedes withdrew their garrisons from many fortified places. Rhine Count Otto Ludwig collected the associations near Strasbourg . The gun from the evacuated areas was brought to safety in the stronghold and in Strasbourg. The abandoned places - such as Rötteln Castle - were given imperial garrisons in February 1635 at the latest.

In 1638, however, the imperial troops were defeated by Duke Bernhard von Weimar in the battle of Rheinfelden and on 18 March ^July. / March 28, 1638 ^greg. the Duke was able to take Rötteln Castle by storm. Cattle and supplies were brought to Neuenburg am Rhein .

The fighting around the castle led to damage, which after the end of the war under Margrave Friedrich VI. have been mended; the role of the castle as the seat of local administration was retained. In 1654 the gate tower is mentioned as a prison.

Destruction in the Dutch War

During the Dutch War , the southern Markgräflerland was again the scene of fighting. At the beginning of 1678, French troops under Louis-François de Boufflers stood in front of Rötteln Castle and shot at it, but were unable to take it. Numerous surrounding villages were sacked. On June 18 of the same year the castle was attacked again by the troops of the French generals Boufflers and Claude de Choiseul-Francières , and it surrendered after three days. The castle went up in flames on the night of June 29th to June 30th under unexplained circumstances, but probably with intent to destroy. The surrounding castles of Brombach , Sausenburg and Badenweiler also burned out. As a result of the destruction, the castle lost its role as a local center of power, the administration was relocated to the nearby Lörrach , which was granted town charter in 1682. In 1689, during the War of the Palatinate Succession , French troops, on the orders of the governor of the Hüningen fortress , Roger Brulart de Puysieux, also dragged the bastion on the Kapf. The stones built there were then used to build roads. The increasingly ruinous condition was primarily due to the private removal of building materials from the castle complex in times of need. The district of the destroyed castle was combined with Röttelnweiler and Haagen.

After the destruction

Despite the extensive destruction and razing , the castle ruin was, contrary to popular belief, also inhabited in the 18th century and was used by the margravial administration. A cellar was used, among other things, for the storage of tithe wine, and arable and viticulture was carried out around the castle. From the middle of the 18th century, a farmhand with a service house in the castle is proven. At least this Rebknecht lived in the castle at the time. In the second half of the 18th century, the administration partially withdrew from their ownership of the castle and its management and sold parts of it. One of the vine workers acquired his service house and also bought the area on the Kapf for growing wheat.

On May 28, 1832, a gathering of liberal citizens took place in the ruins of the castle, expressing their solidarity with the participants of the Hambach Festival, which was taking place at the same time . The mayor of Loerrach , Johann Georg Grether, was the speaker.

In 1918 there was an air station on Rötteln with an anti-aircraft cannon and in 1940 a small military unit with a light machine gun for air defense.

Preservation of the ruin

The castle ruins around 1828

From 1834 onwards, the Grand Duchy of Baden , to which the castle now belonged , began to conserve monuments . Around 1846 around 2100 guilders were spent on building measures. In the first half of the 19th century, security work was mainly carried out on the remains of the wall. In some cases, this resulted in improper restorations, which later led to misconceptions about the importance of individual components. The first systematic work was carried out by the local group Lörrach of the Badischer Schwarzwaldverein between 1885 and 1888: They laid a footpath to the castle, supported the upper tower and set up benches. The Baden Grand Duke Friedrich II supported the renovation of the southern outer wall of the castle after a visit. At that time this section of the wall was badly damaged.

The Röttelnbund is created

In 1925, the Baden Ministry of Finance under Heinrich Köhler made larger financial resources available to ensure the safety of visitors.

On January 25, 1926, the Röttelnbund was founded in the Haagen guest house "Wiese", where the painter Adolf Glattacker was also present. There is little information about the first years of the federal government. From Pentecost 1930 until spring 1931, work on the castle was suspended due to disputes in the federal government and hostility from the surrounding area. On May 1, 1931, the Röttelnbund took over the administration of the keep, which was used as a lookout tower. On June 20, 1931, in cooperation with the Lörracher tourist office and the company Wilhelm Beisel from Heidelberg. lighting of the castle was carried out for the first time . Also in 1931 the knight's hall and the castle bailiwick were exposed and work on opening the witch's cellar began. During all this work, finds came to light. This included a whole wreath of stove tiles, as well as pieces of stove tiles. Arrowheads, iron parts and coins were also found. At the general meeting on January 4, 1931, the construction of a castle tavern was also discussed. On August 7, 1931, the castle was visited by the head of the construction department of the Ministry of Finance, Fritz Hirsch, and the president of the Swiss Castle Association, Eugen Probst , who found the federal government's work on the castle to be good. In 1931 Karl Seith's first printed castle guide appeared .

After the Republic of Baden was about to lease the castle property in autumn 1931 , the Röttelnbund applied for it. However, the state made it a condition that the federal government issued statutes and was formally entered in the register of associations. This was decided by an extraordinary general meeting on October 31, 1931. On March 15, 1932, the lease agreement for the castle property was concluded with the domain department of the Baden Ministry of Finance. With this, the management of the castle property and the ruins itself was transferred to the association. The expansion of an inn was also permitted and the Röttelnbund tried to obtain a concession, which was approved by the district office of Lörrach on May 31, 1932 and confirmed with a document dated August 3, 1932. The castle tavern was officially opened on July 16, 1932 and concerts were held in the garden of the tavern by the music associations from Haagen, Lörrach and Schopfheim in the summer. In the second half of 1932, a group of the German National Handicrafts Association carried out uncovering work on the north-west and west side of the ruin Rötteln as part of a volunteer labor service measure . Around 25 unemployed businesspeople produced almost 3,000 man-days of work. The President of the Swiss Castle Association , Eugen Probst , was responsible for planning the work .

In 1932, together with the Lörrach tourist office, an advertising poster was issued that was designed by the painter Eugen Feger.

During the Nazi era

The colored pen drawing by August Heckmann shows the situation in 1945, here: the lower castle gate

After the Nazis seized power in January 1933, took over as part of the DC circuit , the rector of the elementary school Loerrach, Rudolf Greiner, on behalf of the district leadership of the Nazi Party chair the association. The respective district leader of the NSDAP received an ex officio seat and vote on the board in 1934. Voluntary work on the castle ruins was suspended until May 1933 and then limited to mending the paths. The new state government under Walter Köhler reimbursed a large part of the costs for the expansion of the castle tavern. In 1933 the association reported a significant decline in the number of visitors to the keep, as many visits from Basel were not made due to the political changes. However, the collaboration with Eugen Probst continued.

In 1938, maintenance work on the keep, witch's cellar and castle vault began and ended in 1939. In 1938, Robert Hiecke , the chief curator of historical monuments in the empire, and his Baden counterpart Otto Linde also visited the castle ruins and signaled their approval of the association's work. Multiple ceramic finds were made and some iron finds were prepared with the support of the Badisches Landesmuseum and the Augustinermuseum (Freiburg). In 1939 the access to the upper castle was renewed by building a new bridge made of oak. "In the castle courtyard, parts of the walls of the chapel, a cellar building and the cistern were renewed."

The NSDAP and its subsidiary organizations used the castle as a backdrop for their propaganda. On the day of the Greater German Reich on April 9, 1938, the castle was again illuminated. The National Socialist Community Kraft durch Freude (KdF) held a summer night festival at the castle in 1938 and 1939.

During the Second World War , work on the castle largely stalled as many of the workgroup's helpers were drafted into the military.

Since the post-war period

At the end of the war, the occupying powers ordered the dissolution of all associations. On February 27, 1949, the Röttelnbund was re-established in the Burgschenke, which was followed by 10 years with a frequently changing board.

In October 1963 the city of Lörrach took over the lower castle area with the castle tavern. With the involvement of the city in the castle, the expectation was that the restaurant would be rebuilt. However, plans for this were buried in 1967 for financial reasons, which dispelled the fears that existed in some cases about a negative change in the overall picture. At the beginning of the 1960s, with financial support from the district , the city of Lörrach and the then still independent municipality of Haagen, the access road was built and a toilet facility set up. The fresh water supply and waste water disposal were also ensured. In 1968, the car park below the castle in the Gewann Hofgarten was built, which significantly improved the infrastructure for castle visitors and the castle festival. On the initiative of the Burgfestspiele Rötteln association founded in 1966 and made possible by a donation from the large mail order company Schöpflin Haagen , the castle was lit in 1967. The city of Lörrach, whose landmark is now visible from far away at night, pays the electricity costs .

Western bird's eye view of the castle (1972)

In August 1974, stones came loose above the main entrance to the upper castle and a visitor was injured by a stone, which led to the upper castle being closed to visitors until April 4, 1975. The restoration could be paid for through donation campaigns in 1974/75. In 1975 the Gothic window front on the east side of the palace was restored. In consultation with the responsible authorities, a large-scale test was also carried out in 1975 using new techniques (e.g. epoxy resin sandstone ) for restoration. In this context, approx. 100 m² of wall area of ​​the so-called New Building (northern part of the Palas) was restored. The company Ciba-Geigy took over the costs of the large-scale test . In January 1976 cracks appeared in the shield wall in the north-eastern part of the castle, which could be rebuilt in the following period thanks to donations because the state subsidies were insufficient. In 1985 the former country writing was expanded, it houses a kiosk, a museum and an archive.

Castle illuminated in the evening 2008

In 2001 the south tower of the upper castle (Giller) was made accessible to visitors by installing a staircase. After the castle's operations building had been renovated between 2010 and 2012, extensive work on the external renovation of the masonry began in the first half of 2013. Since the workers dumped the rubble between the outer and inner parts of the wall when the medieval ramparts were being built, the masonry lost its grip and sagged over the centuries. This posed a risk of falling rocks . To counteract this, steel anchors were inserted to reinforce the walls and to prevent them from tilting further. The costs were shared between the state of Baden-Württemberg for the northern part of the castle and the city of Lörrach for the southern part , depending on the ownership structure . In 2019, the outer wall in the north-west of the outer bailey had to be renovated.

An exact documentation of the building history of Rötteln Castle is still pending. The current state of research corresponds roughly to that of 100 years ago. An excavation planned for 2020 could not be started due to the Corona crisis.

With the support of its around 600 members, the Röttelnbund can continue to ensure ongoing maintenance with the active participation of around 25 people, especially since a number of young people are involved in the working group.

Location description

Location and surroundings

Aerial photographs of the castle from different directions and distances (components labeled in the photographs)

Floor plan and area map of Rötteln Castle with the three sections: Bastion, Lower Castle and Upper Castle .  

Rötteln Castle rises above the Haagen district of Lörrach on a 400 meter high, wooded mountain spur. The elongated castle complex roughly follows the north-south direction given by the mountain ridge and is divided into the lower or outer castle and the upper or main castle. The main castle, in particular, can be seen from a great distance through two striking defensive towers. From the defense towers you can see the lower meadow valley to the east and south, which at the level of the castle makes an almost 90-degree bend. The system extends around 300 meters in the north-south axis and over 50 meters in the east-west axis. Along the mountain slope, Rötteln Castle has a height difference of around 50 meters between the lowest part at the Spitzeckbastion Kapf in the south and the highest on the Oberburg in the north.

The foundations of the castle lie partly on the Jurassic formation of the Upper Dogger , partly on sea sandstone conglomerates that can be assigned to the Middle Oligocene . The eastern third of the system stands on the Upper Main Rogenstein , the middle one on the Movellier, Ferrugineus and Varians layers, the western one on sea sandstone conglomerates. All types of rock were used in the construction of the castle. The "pale red, silicified red sandstone blocks of the towers and the deep red, fine-grained red sandstone, which was processed wherever profiled workpieces were required (window and door frames, consoles, vaulted ribs, floor tiles, gemstones, coats of arms, etc.)" come from the Wiesental . The steep slope from which the mountain spur with the castle protrudes and the Röttler Forest that begins north of it already belong geologically to the Black Forest .

The terrain drops from the mountain spur more than 15 meters into a spacious ditch. This favorable topographical situation may have been the decisive factor in building a hilltop castle there.

Portal tri-border region

Rötteln Castle can be reached from Röttelnweiler in the south via a steep ( gradient : 13.5%) road that leads over the federal autobahn 98 . A parking lot for visitors is located directly under the castle on a small plateau, which is bounded further west by the Karlshöhe. To the east and northeast, the spur drops steeply into the Manzental, which is particularly densely populated in the lower part. From the parking lot, an asphalt path leads in a serpentine along the western flank of the outer bailey to the south-facing main portal into the castle. To the north of the castle, several hiking trails cross at a barbecue area . Among other things, the 13th stage of the Westweg , which leads from Pforzheim to Basel, runs there. Part of the Westweg route runs past the walls of the upper castle through the gate on the round tower in the northwest to the south portal and thus through the castle complex. One waypoint is a stone, three meter high granite portal , the so-called portal Dreiländereck Lörrach . The southernmost of a total of twelve Westweg information portals on the national long - distance hiking trail is located at Rötteln Castle .

Landscape protection area

With the support of District Administrator Albert Peter , the ruins and the surrounding area were designated as a protected area by ordinance of February 18, 1938. Today the landscape protection area Schloß Rötteln and the surrounding area comprises 50.9 hectares and is described as follows: “Very remarkable large castle ruins in an excellent landscape location and surroundings, especially tree gardens, bushes, meadows, forest edge.” The protection area includes the southern part of the Röttler forest and is bounded in the south by the course of the A 98 and in the east by the settlement area of ​​the district of Haagen.

description

Lower castle

The multiple staggered south portal from 1468

View from the south tower to the lower castle

The younger part of the castle, the extended sub Castle, also Vorburg called forms the southernmost point spur extension . It is around five meters lower than the main castle and is separated from it by a ditch . From the south end, the facility opens into a pointed corner bastion, the Kapf. Originally as a place of execution used ski jump was built in a star shape, but was removed from the French army at the end of the 17th century. The large plateau can still be seen.

The lower castle has only been documented since the late Middle Ages, which is why research so far assumed that it did not exist before 1316, when the castle passed to the margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg. However, archaeological findings from 2011 suggest that at least parts of it existed as early as the 13th century. Its base is enclosed in the west by a double ring and three shell towers . The part of the castle measures 120 in the longitudinal axis and almost 60 meters in width, making it four times as large as the main castle.

The lower castle is entered from the south via the lower castle gate as the main entrance. The year 1468 is carved on the upper edge of the archway. There used to be a drawbridge over a moat and a tiered gate at this point . The lower castle can be visited free of charge. From the gate a straight path leads uphill in the lower castle. To the east of it was the land registry with the court table of the regional court, of which only the foundation walls have been preserved. This was followed by farm buildings further north, some of which were built over with newer houses. The castle tavern to the west of the path is still used as a restaurant. Further north, the areas bounded by the foundation walls of other farm buildings are used as a stage and auditorium for the Röttler Castle Festival.

In the upper third of the lower castle, the path divides, at the fork of which there is an old cistern. The western path leads straight ahead over the north-west gate and the Vorwerk back out of the castle. A massive round tower at the gate is called "The Landscape" in reference to the rural administration and jurisdiction on Rötteln. Branching off in front of the north-west gate, a steep path leads to the former Landschreiberei, on the upper floor of which the Röttelnbund has set up a small museum for Rötteln Castle. There is also a ticket office for visitors to the upper castle. The Landschreibererei can be reached both from the fork and via the path that branches off to the east. One room, known as the Knechtstube, is used by the Lörrach registry office for weddings on request.

In the western front of the lower castle, three smaller defense towers are integrated into the masonry. On this side a battlement leads past the castle in a northerly direction to the central main gate.

Oberburg

Access to the upper castle via the wooden bridge

The upper castle, also known as the main castle, can be reached from the gate with the guard room over a steep wooden bridge. Access was once via a drawbridge, the traces of which can be seen on the portal. It led over a deep ditch. The stone bridge pillars are still preserved. In the Middle Ages this was the only access to the upper castle. When the main gate was locked, only a narrow entrance to the right of the portal allowed access. The top of the gate has a coat of arms of the margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg. It's a copy; the original with clear traces of weathering is in the small castle museum. Key loopholes on both sides of the portal were used to defend the complex. After the portal, inside the upper castle, there is the gate system from different construction periods with a guard tower on the south tower. The former tower watchman's room was equipped with a fireplace.

Upper castle with south tower

A winding path , partly laid with original cobblestones , leads up to the castle courtyard. This approximately 75 × 30 meter area is the oldest and most heavily modified part of the castle. The most elementary structures of the upper castle are the two distinctive towers, which in their longitudinal axis shield the palace building to the east.

There are no other noteworthy buildings on the west side of the upper castle. Research therefore assumes that the plant will be used intensively. In addition to areas with a cellar, the mouth hole of a cistern can be seen in the lower courtyard area . From the Rötteler Chronik it is known that it was repaired in 1420, which indicates that it was already quite old at that time and that it was built together with the oldest part of the palace. The storage tank used to supply the upper castle with water was a so-called filter cistern, which filtered the collected water over layers of sand and enriched it with minerals. The collected and purified water could be drawn from a well with buckets.

The courtyard appears very spacious due to the lack of structures on the west side. It is also conceivable that there were wooden farm buildings in the courtyard.

North tower (keep)

North tower (keep) seen from the south tower

The north tower forms the northern end of the main castle, stands on a small rock plateau around 5 meters above the castle area and is the highest point of Rötteln Castle. It consists of stacked sandstone blocks without mortar, as was customary for the castles of the Upper Rhine . At a height of about eight meters, the tower tapers slightly with a coffin cornice . However, this does not indicate different construction phases, since there are also stone of this type in the lower area.

Alternatively, the north tower is also known as the Green Tower , which indicates its later use as a dungeon - the Middle High German word grinen, grin means crying, whining. For defense purposes, the originally four floors were only connected with ladders that could be pulled up.

The north tower was changed several times. The floor plan is rotated 45 degrees from the longitudinal axis of the castle and is almost square with a side length of 8 meters. The tower has walls around 2 to 2.3 meters thick. In the professional world, the quality of the stone processing for a building made of rubble stone is considered unique. The keep consists of humpback blocks of various types of processing, which are rather untypical for castles and are used for church buildings. Above, pincer holes in the blocks indicate the use of medieval cranes to lift the stones.

The masonry allows conclusions to be drawn about the construction phases and the period of origin. Since humpback ashlars were not used before the middle of the 12th century, it is believed that they originated in the second half of the 12th century or in the early 13th century. Archaeological evidence for a more precise dating is missing so far. What is certain, however, is that the entrance to the keep on the north-west side was only broken later. The tower is closed by a platform that protrudes slightly over a cornice and can be reached via a staircase on the inner walls. Scientists suspect that the north tower was originally higher. There is a flagpole on the platform.

On the south-east side there is an originally round arched high entrance , which is framed with humpback cuboids that are partly interlocked with the surrounding masonry by long trusses. The cultivation in the southwest probably dates from the 16th century. Together with the northwest wall and a shield wall, the extension forms a space vaulted with an irregular barrel. The keep is accessible via a platform above. Only the eastern part of the shield wall in front of the keep, which runs from east to west, has been preserved.

Panoramic view of Lörrach and the lower Wiesental from the north tower of Rötteln Castle: At the foot of the castle the district of Haagen, behind Brombach , to the right of the Wiesental bridge is the Grüttpark , further in the background is the city center of Lörrach with the town hall . The ridge opposite the Röttler forest is to Dinkelberg belonging Homburger Wald .

South tower

South tower

On the south side of the upper castle there is another tower, also called Giller (from Middle High German gilniz = prison). It served as a maleficent prison, i.e. a criminal and remand prison. Originally it had three floors. Inside the tower, various items such as handcuffs, handcuffs and neck violins were found during clearing-up work .

The crenellated Giller stands on the eastern edge of the upper castle with a square floor plan seven meters on a side. The tower made of rough limestone blocks was probably built around 1300. Originally, a high entrance in the east at a height of six meters provided access. The south tower has been accessible to visitors via stairs on the inner walls since 2001 and has a viewing platform. In the upper third there is a subsequent concrete reconstruction of the original shape of the tower. Both towers have flagpoles on which the Baden flag flies.

Hall

The Palas of Röttler castle almost occupies the entire east side of the upper castle and extends from the North to the South Tower. It consists of three adjoining, multi-storey tracts that can be clearly distinguished from one another by means of construction joints. Its full height has been preserved in places in its surrounding walls , although the subdivision of the floors is not clearly recognizable; possibly there were also mezzanines. The hall was exposed to some very strong changes in several construction phases. Only the last upper floor extends uniformly across all tracts, so that it is assumed that the old Romanesque hall was later expanded and raised. The oldest construction phase is in the south, the youngest in the north. Accordingly, construction seams can be seen from the courtyard side, especially between the corner blocks of the Palas' and the neighboring building in the south. One of the hallmarks of the oldest part is the red sandstone corner blocks from ground level to the end of the first floor.

Palas seen from the west with inner courtyard

The tripartite division of the palace can also be seen from the stylistically different portals. In the slender, only about five meter long central section there is a 1.90 × 0.80 meter portal with a raised arch. Its design is similar to that of the Romanesque north tower and is by far the oldest portal. The northern portal, measuring 1.90 × 1.15 meters, has flat bevels. The keystone showed the coat of arms of Margrave Philip and his wife Maria of Savoy. The number 94 is still visible on the right, so that the portal can be dated to 1494. It was created at the same time as the southern portal. The southern portal, designed as a keel arch, measures 2.20 × 1.50 meters and dates from the 16th century. Presumably the arch was adorned with a coat of arms from Baden, marking the post-Hachberg section. Since there are contradicting information about the age of this portal, no conclusions can be drawn about the age of the south wing. Despite the younger age of the south portal, the south part of the palace is the oldest. In addition to the construction seams, five seating niches facing the valley on the upper floor provide evidence of this. The former Romanesque biforias from around 1200 were replaced by cross-frame windows in the early modern period. It is noteworthy that only the southern biforium was preserved as a model for a reconstruction. It has semicircular round pillars with a simple bulge, notched ornamentation and volute-like approaches at the top. The edges of the biforias are separated by pillars that have cube-like capitals with an oval leaf motif in the edges. This arcature elevates the steeply sloping terrain to the east and gives the building an even more representative character.

Palas from the south tower with a view of the north tower

This representative part of the castle also served the margravial chancellery to write the chronicle. In view of the Röttler family, which was enlarged by 1200, the palace was probably expanded in the early 14th century at the latest. The amenities of the palace building also included toilet bays on each floor. They were located as cantilevered porches on the moat side in the east. A reconstruction can be seen on the outside wall of the palace.

Another large-scale modernization measure in the 16th century underscores the importance of this component. A second floor with cross-frame windows was added to the hall over the entire length. The following rooms open up in the Palas from south to north: the so-called old building housed a wine cellar and the knight's hall . This was followed by a much smaller room that was used as a bread cellar. This room, together with the chamber that allows access from the arbor, belongs to the central part. The new building includes smaller chambers, a large room with a fireplace and a hall. The function of the hall remains open. There is no evidence for the assumption that it is a chapel . However, there was a St. Mary's Chapel at the castle, as evidenced by a document from 1504. A castle chaplain is documented for 1389. The chapel, the foundations of which have been preserved, stood to the west of the north wing of the palace. The beginnings of its Gothic vault can still be seen on the walls. The massive altar table has been preserved, but was moved to the Palas after the castle was destroyed. Research assumes that the chapel was then used for other purposes, as seating niches were built into its wall and a fireplace was built into one of the fronts.

Röttlerwald ski jump

description

A LiDAR image shows a polygonal ski jumping facility with two north and west facing bastions (bastionary earth fortifications) which are connected by a wall about 150 meters northwest of the keep. A wide moat was dug in front of the ramparts and bastions in the south-west and north-west. An additional wall is visible to the south-east, which leads from the north-western bastion to the incision of a small valley between the castle and the hill. In the interior a square structure (about 30 × 30 meters) can be seen, "which could be the foundation of a tower or the location of a former log house ...". The entire complex has a side length of around 200 meters and covers an area of ​​around 5 hectares (the interior of the complex around 1.26 hectares) while the entire castle complex comprises around 1.5 hectares. If you follow the Schlossweg to Hohen Straße from the upper castle , you will find the forest area with the ski jump on the left. In the winter half of the year, parts of the ditch and the ski jump can be seen a few meters from Hohen Straße (towards Lucke). In the forest itself, you can only see the structure of the entire facility if you have seen the relief map. The area of ​​the ski jump is an excavation protection area according to § 22 of the Baden-Württemberg Monument Protection Act , which provides for fines of up to 500,000 euros for illegal excavations.

history

The time of origin and expiration cannot be clearly stated. In the literature it is assumed that Duke Bernhard von Weimar had the ski jump built in 1638. In a report on the condition of the castle from 1654 it says: "... next to the Fall Brücke how one leads to the castle above towards the Schanz." From this it can be concluded that the Schanze already existed in 1654. In the diaries of Thomas Mallinger, under January 20, ^jul. / January 30, 1638 ^greg. reports: "If Duke Wimar ... is entrenched in the upper rulership of Lörch with 800 riders." However, since the Duke had only captured Laufenburg on this day and was to include Rheinfelden, this dating is unlikely. At the beginning of May Bernhard von Weimar moved from Donaueschingen via Schönau and Schopfheim to Brombach. While an imperial army under Johann von Götzen camped in the Kinzig Valley at the beginning of May 1638 to relieve the fortress of Breisach after a further influx , the duke camped on May 5th ^. / May 15, 1638 ^greg. near Brombach, where his troops were supposed to recover and wait for the French to move in. The camp was not opened until May 26th ^. / June 5, 1638 ^greg. Relocated to Heitersheim, with which the troops stayed in the Brombach area for about three weeks. During this phase of the war, the Duke also had a pioneer troop of 400 men with bridge and hill masters at his disposal, who at most managed to build the hill.

North of the Alps, between 1550 and 1700, fortifications with bastion-like corners were built, avoiding blind spots compared to older linear ramparts and ditches. The Schwedenschanze (refuge) near Bad Peterstal-Griesbach , the Altenberg-Schanze near Bad Wimpfen , the Krähenschanze near Hilzingen and the Schwabenstutz- Schanze near Waldau (Titisee-Neustadt) have a similar design.

A comparison of the Röttler Schanze with these jumps from the Thirty Years' War showed agreement, so that there is much to be said for dating from March to December 1638.

Equipment and inventory

The so-called “ Flachsland Carpet ” (left half) which was made around 1470 in Basel or at Rötteln Castle.

It can be assumed that because of its former representative character, the castle was also lavishly and luxuriously furnished inside. The report of a pilgrim, Hans von Waltheim from Halle an der Saale , who visited the castle on July 9th, 1474 on his return journey from southern France, gives testimony to this . Waltheim was particularly amazed by the tapestries in the bower . He wrote:

“[…] That was the prettiest work of pictures, of faces, of clothing, of animals and flowers and of other works, just as if it were alive, like I have not seen many. [...] "

The luxury furnishings such as carpets and fireplaces are due to the lavishly dimensioned state rooms, especially in the hall. The hall-like room was difficult to heat, so carpets were hung on the cold walls to generate a certain amount of warmth. Smaller rooms were paneled with wood.

Another proof of the upscale and for the time comfortable furnishings are stove tiles , which are exhibited in the castle museum of the Landschreiberei and in the Dreiländermuseum in Lörrach. Since the 14th century, the technology of chimney construction was so advanced that large-area tiles showed a certain heat storage capacity. This made more uniform and larger-area heating possible. In addition to the clay ovens, there were also cast-iron stoves that absorbed heat more quickly and then gave it off again. Finds in Rötteln Castle confirm that the facility was equipped with at least 10 to 15 tiled stoves . Many came from the time of Rudolf IV. And Philip, who imported them from Burgundy and western Switzerland . The stove tiles sometimes have very artistic ornaments and reliefs with biblical scenes.

Rötteln Castle also had its own workshops for the manufacture of furnishings. It is certain that a well-known Burgundian carpenter made carpets and tapestries on Rötteln .

During maintenance and restoration work, there were always finds of life in the castle. These include cannonballs , arrowheads and other fully or partially preserved weapons, but also items of everyday life such as horse harness, buttons, tools, table bells and door locks. Finds about the history of the castle are exhibited together with historical images and a large model of the castle in the museum in the Landschreiberei.

The majority of the finds, including the most valuable ones, are exhibited in the Lörracher Dreiländermuseum, as there was no museum space at the castle before the rebuilding of the Landschreiberei in 1985. In addition to stove tiles, this also includes glasses, crockery fragments, tools, weapon parts, clay pipes, a chess piece, a judge's table with an executioner's sword and instruments of torture .

Todays use

Performance area at the Castle Festival

The castle ruins are open all year round; Guided tours are possible by prior arrangement. While the lower castle is accessible at any time free of charge, the upper castle has different opening times depending on the season. In addition to a small museum in the rebuilt country writing department, there is a castle tavern in the fortress . The Hugo Häring Prize of the Association of German Architects was awarded in 2005 for the renovation and renovation of the Burgschenke Rötteln .

Rötteln Castle is state-owned and is looked after by the State Palaces and Gardens of Baden-Württemberg . The care of the castle ruins and the upkeep of the museum are the responsibility of the Röttelnbund e. V. Almost 50,000 visitors come to the Oberburg every year for tours and guided tours.

Since 1968 the association Burgfestspiele Rötteln has been performing plays by mostly classical authors every summer on a three-stage natural stage in the outer bailey. Since 2000 the festival Jazz auf der Burg has been taking place in the outer bailey , which is supported by Jazz-Club 56 Lörrach eV . In the summer of 2003, an open-air cinema was held at the castle. Usually twice a year, at the invitation of the Röttelnbund, a “castle revitalization” is carried out by the medieval exhibition troop “Bunter Haufen Basel”.

The castle tavern and the beer garden belong to the city of Lörrach and have been leased to private operators who will be running a café from December 2017. The registry office of Lörrach maintains a wedding room in a room of the country writing, the "Knechtstube", which offers space for 25 people. 66 marriages took place there in 2019.

From September 14 to 16, 2018, the temporary art installation RedBalloon: The Tower was implemented, in which the action artist Klaus Kipfmüller covered the north tower of Rötteln Castle with 5200 specially made balloons, played with sounds and illuminated it in the dark. The campaign, sponsored by local companies, gained regional fame and attracted around 4,700 visitors to the ruins.

reception

Reception in visual arts and literature

Illustration for Rötteln Castle in Cosmographia from 1545.

The supposedly oldest representation of the castle was seen for a long time in a woodcut that was used in 1545 to illustrate the text about Rötteln Castle in Sebastian Munster's Cosmographia . However, this is undoubtedly not a representation of the castle, but merely a symbolic illustration that was also used in other texts (e.g. on Habsburg Castle).

The oldest known depiction of the castle is a copper engraving that was printed in 1625 as an illustration for Daniel Meisner's emblem book Thesaurus philopoliticus . Daniel Meisner provided the texts and explanations. The explanations were simply left out in later editions, as the public's interest was less in the emblems and more in the brochures . The explanation of the sheet with the illustration Rötteln reads: “This Emblema admonishes the dear authorities that they tighten the wicked and protect the religious that the tight should not be greater than the crime.”

The illustrations in the book were created by different artists and the printing plates were made by different engravers. The sheet of Rötteln is - like most of the book in the fifth volume - not signed. Nonetheless, there is a plausible hypothesis in the specialist literature that the drawing was made by Matthäus Merian . The copper engraving shows the castle in its north-south extension from the north-west.

The second oldest representation of the castle is the best known and was published in Matthäus Merian's Topographia Alsatiae from 1643. This illustration also shows the castle in its north-south extent, but from the east.

There are not only 18 years between the two representations, but also the period of the Thirty Years' War in which the castle was directly affected by the fighting and was also damaged, as is documented by a description from 1654. It corresponds to the way Merian works that this damage is not visible.

Rötteln Castle - depictions by Merian

Rötteln Castle 1625 from the north-west

Rötteln Castle 1643 from the east

The composer Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy made landscape sketches with the castle ruins on his honeymoon on May 3, 1837. Even Joseph Victor von Scheffel drew the ruins. The late romantic painter Anton Winterlin made a picture around 1860 with a panoramic view of the heavily overgrown castle, the Lörrach below and the Swiss Jura in the background. Maximilian von Ring and August von Bayer are among the numerous other artists who have drawn the castle .

There are written German poems about the castle and some of the margraves. B. by Willi Ferdinand Fischer . Alemannic poems about the castle were written by Hermann Burte and Ludwig Friedrich Schnaufer . Probably the best-known literary representation comes from Johann Peter Hebel's Alemannic poem Die Vergänlichkeit . In the poem about dying and passing away, the father (Alemannic “Ätti”) explains to the “Bueb”, using the Rötteln castle ruins, how one day even the glorious city of Basel and even the whole world will fall into ruin. In Die Wiese , too , which tells the course of the river of the same name from the source to the mouth, Hebel described the castle as a dilapidated and abandoned ruin:

"Look, there 's Röttler Castle in front - do you have a muddy?
In a paneled room, covered with a golden list,
hen sust princes gwohnt, and beautiful princely women, men
and here-Gsind, and d'Freud isch z 'Röttle deheim gsi.
But then everything is quiet. Unthinkable words don't
burn anyone in his torn room,
don't flicker for his sunken princes,
don't go to Chrueg in Cheller, don't go over to well.
Wildi Tube nest on mossy trees. "

“Can you see the Röttler Castle up there - ruined walls?
In paneled rooms, decorated with golden strips,
otherwise princes lived, and beautiful royal women,
men and men's servants, and the joy was in Rötteln to House '
But now everything is quiet. Since time immemorial
, no lights have burned in his destroyed rooms,
no fire flickers on his sunken fireplace,
no jug goes into the cellar, no tub down to the well.
Wild pigeons nest there on mossy trees. "

In more recent times, four historical novels have been written that deal with the castle: The Last of Rötteln and The Iron Margrave of Sausenberg-Rötteln by Käthe Papke and Elke Bader's Anna von Rötteln - in the hailstorm of desire and The Flame Throne of Röttlers .

Say

Like many castle ruins, the von Rötteln legends are also entwined with . The best known is the legend of the Binzen witch . Then a dog attacked a loyal servant of the Lord to Rötteln, who defended himself by throwing a stone. The angry gentleman then overthrew the servant from the tower and took revenge on his wife. She retired as a mysterious witch and healed the limping dog that became her only companion. In another trap, the despotic gentleman killed a lover of his daughter, who was also killed in the process. The father of the victim besieged the castle for weeks, gained access through a secret passage with the help of the witch and was thus able to defeat the Lords of Rötteln.

According to another legend, a white woman is said to have lured passers-by to the castle during the nights . It is said to have been a lady-in-waiting who did not get the construction work done quickly enough. The unrest persisted in an enchanted way even after her death.

Exhibition and events

From April 13 to November 17, 2019, the Lörracher Dreiländermuseum dedicated an exhibition with the name Burg Rötteln - Dominion between Basel and France . Around 300 exhibits and digital reconstructions were presented in five rooms on 400 square meters. The exhibition was accompanied by numerous events, excursions and lectures on the topic.

See also

Rotwasserstelz Castle , also located in southern Baden , which is also known as "Rötteln Castle", should not be confused with Rötteln Castle. There is no documented relationship between the two castles.

literature

Specialist literature

Overview articles

• Ralf Wagner et al. (Editor), State Palaces and Gardens of Baden-Württemberg (Editor): Burg Rötteln: Rule between Basel and France . JS Klotz publishing house. Newcomers 2020, ISBN 978-3-948424-60-2
• Helmut Bender, Karl-Bernhard Knappe, Klauspeter Wilke: Castles in southern Baden . 1st edition. Verlag Karl Schillinger, Freiburg im Breisgau 1979, ISBN 3-921340-41-1 , pp. 142-151.
• Robert Feger : Castles and palaces in southern Baden. Weidlich Verlag, Würzburg 1984, ISBN 3-8035-1237-9 , pp. 256-266.
• Heinz Heimgartner: Rötteln castle ruins. Verlag Röttelnbund e. V. 1964.
• Jürgen Krüger: Rötteln Castle. Deutscher Kunstverlag Munich, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-422-02049-7 .
• Jürgen Krüger: Comments on Rötteln Castle. In: Erik Beck, Eva-Maria Butz, Martin Strotz, Alfons Zettler , Thomas Zotz (eds.): Burgen im Breisgau. Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2012, ISBN 978-3-7995-7368-9 , pp. 391-396.
• Otto Konrad Roller : The history of the noble lords of Rötteln. (= Sheets from the Margraviate of Schopfheim, born in 1927). Schopfheim 1927, pp. 1–154 (digital copy from Freiburg University Library )
• Sven Schomann: Hagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Rötteln Castle. In: Alfons Zettler, Thomas Zotz (ed.): The castles in the medieval mash gau II. Southern part. Half band A – K. Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2009, ISBN 978-3-7995-7366-5 , pp. 220–243.
• Hansmartin Schwarzmaier : Loerrach in the Middle Ages. In: Otto Wittmann , Berthold Hänelet, City of Lörrach (ed.): Lörrach: Landscape - History - Culture . Issued in memory of the privilege granted 300 years ago on November 18, 1682. City of Lörrach, Lörrach 1983, ISBN 3-9800841-0-8 , pp. 77–209.
• Karl Seith : Rötteln Castle in the course of its master families. In: Heinz Heimgartner: Rötteln castle ruins. Verlag Röttelnbund e. V. 1964, pp. 11–44, (originally published in Das Markgräflerland , Heft 3 (1931/32), pp. 3–35 ( dl.ub.uni-freiburg.de )).
• Bernhard Thill: Rötteln Castle: Description, tour, history. Schauenburg Verlag, Lahr 1994, ISBN 3-7946-0304-4 .
• Heiko Wagner: Theiss Castle Guide Upper Rhine. 66 castles from Basel to Karlsruhe. Konrad Theiss Verlag Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-8062-1710-6 , pp. 114–117.
• Thomas Zotz : Rötteln Castle near Lörrach . In: Burgen und Schlösser , European Castle Institute (Ed.), 4/2015, pp. 269–276. ( deutsche-burgen.org , PDF).

Individual aspects

• Stefan King, Heiko Wagner: Lörrach, Rötteln castle ruins. Circular wall of the outer bailey, southeast corner area. Observations during the demolition , 2012. ( regiotrends.de PDF).
• Sophie Stelzle-Hüglin: Clay pipe finds from Rötteln Castle near Lörrach. In: Michael Schmaedecke (editor): Clay pipes in Switzerland. Contributions to the colloquium on tobacco pipes made of clay Liestal March 26, 1998 . Liestal: Archäologie & Kantonsmuseum Baselland, 1999, pp. 116–123. pdf
• Sophie Stelzle-Hüglin: Home decor at Rötteln Castle. Oven ceramics from Gothic and Renaissance. In: Badische Heimat , Volume 82 (2002), pp. 637-647. ( academia.edu , PDF).
• Otto Wittmann : The Röttler Castle near Lörrach, geology and building site. In: Communications from the Badisches Landesverein für Naturkunde und Naturschutz e. V., Freiburg i. Br / Notices from the Badisches Landesverein für Naturkunde und Naturschutz e. V., Freiburg i. Br.; NF 5: Issues 1–6, 1948–1952 ( freidok.uni-freiburg.de ).

Historical novels and legends

• Elke Bader: Anna von Rötteln - in the hailstorm of desire. Jakobus-Verlag, Barsbüttel 2008, ISBN 978-3-940302-11-3 .
• Elke Bader: The Röttler's Flame Throne. Blackforest Publishing eK 2010. ISBN 978-3-9812889-1-9
• Waldemar Lutz, Traute Enderle-Sturm: Alte Hex 'vo Binze. Waldemar Lutz Verlag, Lörrach 1978, ISBN 978-3-922107-02-6 .
• Käthe Papke : The last of Rötteln - historical story. Christian publishing house GmbH, Stuttgart 1957.
• Käthe Papke: The iron margrave of Sausenberg-Rötteln. A historical story from the Markgräflerland. Mayer Basel 1959.

Web links

Commons : Burg Rötteln  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Rötteln  - Sources and full texts

Wikivoyage: Rötteln Castle  - Travel Guide

Representations

• Burg Rötteln on the website of the State Palaces and Gardens of Baden-Württemberg
• Entry on Rötteln Castle in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
• Homepage burgruine-roetteln.de with opening times and contact details
• A tile with a griffin from Lörrach on furnologia.de; accessed on March 20, 2019
• SWR Aktuell Baden-Wuerttemberg : Video contribution to the rubella year
• Reconstruction drawing by Wolfgang Braun

Image and media archives

• “Burg Rötteln, original finds in the three-country museum ” with a collection database on objects from and about Burg Rötteln
• Pictures of Rötteln Castle in: Picture archive Photo Marburg - Picture index of art and architecture
• German Digital Library : Recordings of Rötteln Castle
• Rötteln Castle. 3D model. State Office for Monument Preservation; accessed on March 11, 2020
• LIDAR relief map of castle and hill in the geoportal Baden-Württemberg

Teaching aids

• Category Burg Rötteln on the homepage of the district media center Lörrach with aids for teaching
• Bertram Jenisch, Christiane Schick (editor), State Office for Monument Preservation - Stuttgart Regional Council (editor): Adventure case for castles in the Middle Ages. Teaching module for primary school. Retrieved on August 14, 2020 - with special consideration of Rötteln Castle.

Remarks

1. ^ Badische Zeitung, March 31, 2012: Castles, palaces and ruins in the region , accessed October 1, 2012
2. ↑ Heimann-Schwarzweber: Burg Rötteln in: Lörrach: Landscape - History - Cult . P. 601.
3. ^ Roller: History of the noble lords of Rötteln , Regest number 186; Schöpflin, Alsatia diplomatica Part 1, No. 583
4. ^ Schwarzmaier: Loerrach. P. 118, Roller: History of the noble lords of Rötteln , Regest No. 4.
5. ↑ Gerhard Moehring : Rötteln - historical data and memories of the church and its builder 750–1550 , In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 1/2001, pp. 15–52., Here p. 15f.
6. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. P. 235.
7. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. P. 223f., P. 228.
8. ^ Schwarzmaier: Loerrach. P. 123f.
9. ^ Roller: History of the noble lords of Rötteln. P. 23
10. ^ Schwarzmaier: Loerrach. P. 147.
11. ^ Schwarzmaier: Loerrach. P. 143.
12. ↑ Schomann: Hagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. Pp. 229, 232
13. ^ Badische Zeitung, April 5, 2012: Archaeologists: Rötteln Castle is older than expected ; Stefan King and Heiko Wagner: Lörrach, Rötteln castle ruins: curtain wall of the outer bailey, south-eastern section. Observations during the demolition , January 2012, available online at regiotrends.de (PDF; 738 kB), accessed on October 13, 2012.
14. ^ Roller: History of the noble lords of Rötteln. P. 31
15. ↑ Schwarzmaier: Lörrach in the Middle Ages, p. 145
16. ^ Roller: History of the noble lords of Rötteln. P. 31
17. ↑ Schwarzmaier, Loerrach. P. 144–147, Roller history of the noble lords of Rötteln. P. 45f.
18. ↑ Thomas Simon: manorial rule and bailiwick. A structural analysis of late medieval and early modern rule formation. Dissertation, University of Freiburg i. Br. Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 1995, p. 10f .; Regesta of the Margraves of Baden and Hachberg 1050–1515, published by the Baden Historical Commission, edited by Richard Fester , Innsbruck 1892, volume 1, document number h 576, dates the division of the estate to 1306
19. ↑ Thomas Simon: manorial rule and bailiwick. A structural analysis of late medieval and early modern rule formation. Dissertation, University of Freiburg i. Br. Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 1995, p. 114.
20. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. P. 237f., Thomas Simon: Grundherrschaft und Vogtei. A structural analysis of late medieval and early modern rule formation. Dissertation, University of Freiburg i. Br. Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 1995, p. 11.
21. ^ Schwarzmaier: Loerrach. P. 148; Schomann: Hagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Rötteln Castle. P. 240
22. ^ Kruger: Burg Rötteln. P. 17
23. ↑ Werner Meyer: Basel would fall into disrepair everywhere. The Basel earthquake of 1356.Schwabe , Basel 2006, pp. 67 and 75
24. ↑ Werner Wild: "The walls burst with terrible bangs": in search of archaeological traces of earthquake disasters , Middle Ages: Zeitschrift des Schweizerischen Burgenverein, 11.3 (2006), pp. 145–164, here p. 164 doi: 10.5169 / seals- 165870
25. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. Pp. 229, 233 and p. 241.
26. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. Pp. 231 and 233
27. ^ Schwarzmaier: Loerrach. Pp. 173, 178-181
28. ^ Schwarzmaier: Loerrach. Pp. 191-193.
29. ↑ The Chronicle Erhard von Appen Wiler 1439-1471. In: Basler Chroniken, Volume 4, (Ed. By August Bernoulli ), p. 317 archive.org ; Translation of the Latin entry in the chronicle by Thomas Zotz: The Rötteln Castle near Lörrach . In: Burgen und Schlösser , Europäische Burgeninstitut (Ed.), 4/2015, p. 273. ( deutsche-burgen.org ( Memento of the original from June 16, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. , PDF) 
30. ↑ the emperor did not take part in the Reichstag and there were no resolutions on measures against the Turks; see also Friedrich III. (HRR) #Friedrich's inaction in defending against the Turks
31. ↑ Thomas Zotz: The Rötteln Castle near Lörrach . In: Burgen und Schlösser , Europäische Burgeninstitut (Ed.), 4/2015, p. 273. ( online ( Memento of the original from June 16, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check Original and archive link according to instructions and then remove this note. , PDF) 
32. ↑ Schomann, Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ). P. 232f.
33. ↑ ^{a b c} Wagner, Castle Guide Upper Rhine. P. 115.
34. ^ Schwarzmaier: Loerrach. Pp. 201-205.
35. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ). Pp. 227, 230.
36. ^ Schwarzmaier: Loerrach. P. 205.
37. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ). P. 241.
38. ^ Schwarzmaier: Loerrach. P. 205
39. ↑ Seith: Rötteln Castle in the course of its master families. P. 31
40. ↑ Seith: Rötteln Castle in the course of its master families. P. 31; Schomann, Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ). P. 242
41. ↑ see Karl Seith : The Markgräflerland and the Markgräfler in the Peasants' War of 1525. Karlsruhe 1926, pp. 54–55
42. ^ Letter from Margrave Ernst of May 7, 1525 to the city of Basel ; [1]
43. ^ City of Basel to their deputies to the farmers. May 13, 1525. In: Heinrich Schreiber (editor): Document book of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau (The German Peasants' War: 1525; January to July) , 1864
44. ^ Margrave Ernst von Baden to the city of Basel, May 15, 1525. In: Heinrich Schreiber (editor): Document book of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau (The German Peasants' War: 1525; January to July) , 1864
45. ↑ according to Seith on May 14 or 15, see Seith (Peasants' War) p. 54
46. ↑ see Seith (Peasants' War) p. 55
47. ↑ see Klagartikel lawyers of Margrave Ernst against its subjects and their trailers. In: Heinrich Schreiber (editor): Document book of the city of Freiburg im Breisgau (The German Peasants' War: 1525; July to December) , 1866, p. 68 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
48. ↑ see Karl Hartfelder : Documentary contributions to the history of the peasant war in Breisgau. In: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine, Volume 34 (1882), pp. 437-438 in the Internet Archive ; In fact, on April 19, the unification masters of the Hotzenwald warned the city of Freiburg that the Black Forest heap wanted to cover the Breisgau and the upper margraviate with war. ibid p. 414 in the Internet Archive
49. ↑ see Seith (Bauernkrieg) p. 63; see also Anton Philipp von Segesser (editor): The federal farewells from the period from 1521 to 1528, Volume 4, Section 1a. Farewells. (1521 - 1528), p. 680, May 31, 1525 Digital copy of the ULB Düsseldorf
50. ↑ see Karl Seith: The Markgräflerland and the Markgräfler in the Peasants' War of 1525. Karlsruhe 1926, p. 92. The events were presented historically correct in a play; see Erhard Richter : The Markgräfler Peasant Uprising of 1524/25. Scenic representation in five acts. In: The Markgräflerland. Volume 2/2015, pp. 5-86
51. ↑ Basler Chroniken 7 (1915), VI. The anonymous chronicle from the time of the Reformation. 1521 - 1526. p. 301 Digital copy from ULB Düsseldorf
52. ↑ see Bogislaw Philipp von Chemnitz : Königlich Schwedischer in Teutschland led war , 2nd part, Stockholm, Johannis Jansson II, 1653, p. 125 Google Books
53. ↑ see Thomas Mallinger's diaries. From 1611–1660. Published by Franz Joseph Mone . In: Sources collection of the Badische Landesgeschichte, Volume 2, pp. 539-540 Google Books
54. ↑ on Hermann Fortunat s. Philipp Ruppert: The war events in Breisgau from 1632 to 1635 and the first siege of Breisach. In: Journal of the Society for the Promotion of the History, Antiquity and Folklore of Freiburg, the Breisgau and the neighboring landscapes. 6th Volume (1883-1887), p. 279; Footnote 2 archive.org
55. ^ See Bogislaw Philipp von Chemnitz : Königlich Schwedischer in Teutschland led war , 2nd part, Stockholm, Johannis Jansson II, 1653, p. 159 Google Books
56. ↑ see Thomas Mallinger's diaries. From 1611–1660. Published by Franz Joseph Mone . In: Sources collection of the Badische Landesgeschichte, Volume 2, p. 544 Google Books
57. ↑ s. Philipp Ruppert: The war events in Breisgau from 1632 to 1635 and the first siege of Breisach. In: Journal of the Society for the Promotion of the History, Antiquity and Folklore of Freiburg, the Breisgau and the neighboring landscapes. Volume 6 (1883-1887), p. 313 archive.org
58. ↑ Seith: Rötteln Castle in the course of its master families. P. 32
59. ↑ see Theatri Europaei Continuatio III. That is: Historical Chronicle Third Part. Frankfurt, 1670, p. 932 Digital copy of the Augsburg University Library
60. ↑ Seith: Rötteln Castle in the course of its master families. P. 32.
61. ↑ Wagner, Castle Guide Upper Rhine. P. 116.
62. ↑ Seith: Rötteln Castle in the course of its master families. P. 36f.
63. ↑ André Schluchter : Puysieux [Puysieulx] Roger de Brulart. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
64. ↑ Seith: Rötteln Castle in the course of its master families. P. 37.
65. ↑ Annemarie Heimann-Schwarzweber: Art Guide Markgräflerland. Brandt publishing office, Mannheim 1986, ISBN 3-926260-00-9 , p. 36.
66. ^ Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg: Rötteln (Wohnplatz) , accessed on September 12, 2013.
67. ↑ Klaus Schubring: Life in ruins - Rötteln Castle in the 18th century. In: The Markgräflerland. Issue 2/1989, pp. 152–157. Digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
68. ↑ on the person see the entry Grether, Johann Georg on discover regional studies online - leobw; accessed on April 4, 2019
69. ^ Badisches Volksblatt from June 15, 1832 books.google.de
70. ↑ Horst Schuh (Ed.): Air war over the front and home 1914/18. Airmen and airmen between the western front and the Rhine. Aachen, 2014, ISBN 978-3-86933-115-7 , p. 114.
71. ↑ see also the situation board of the Lörrach airport headquarters, used at Rötteln Castle for flight monitoring during the First World War. Collection database of the Dreiländermuseum Lörrach; accessed on June 16, 2019
72. ^ Haagen community (ed.), Fritz Schülin: Rötteln-Haagen. 1965. p. 241.
73. ↑ Rolf I. Wagner: Historical significance of Rötteln and the care of the castle ruins Lörrach. In: Badische Heimat. Volume 82, 2002, pp. 632-636, here pp. 634 ff.
74. ↑ ^{a b} Badische Zeitung : Strong walls have weaknesses. , Article dated April 2, 2013 by Daniel Scholaster
75. ↑ This company, founded in 1907, still exists today as a pyrotechnics company in Wiesloch. Homepage of Beisel Pyrotechnik GmbH ; accessed on April 4, 2019 ; For the 250th anniversary of the city of Lörrach, an illumination was carried out again on August 20, 1932.
76. ↑ Rötteln Castle in the course of its master families. In: Heinz Heimgartner: Rötteln castle ruins. Verlag Röttelnbund e. V. 1964, pp. 11-44
77. ↑ (Originally published in Das Markgräflerland , Heft 3 (1931/32), pp. 3–35 ( dl.ub.uni-freiburg.de )).
78. ↑ s. Archive of the Röttelnbund eV Lörrach-Haagen
79. ↑ to him see Johannes Helm: Who - when - where? Biographical notes from the Markgräflerland. In: Das Markgräflerland, volume 3/4 1975, p. 169
80. ^ Photo of the advertising poster in the collection database of the Dreiländermuseum Lörrach; accessed on April 4, 2019
81. ↑ on Greiner see Fritz Schülin : Rötteln-Haagen , 1965, p. 521
82. ↑ Willi Faißt: Röttelnbund eV - report on the work in 1939. In: Das Markgräflerland, Issue 2/4 1940, p. 95 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
83. ↑ see the connection of Austria to the Greater German Reich , pdf accessed on April 4, 2019
84. ↑ see Röttelnbund eV (editor): 70 years of RÖTTELNBUND - 70 years of practical monument preservation. In: Burg-Notizen, Heft 13, Lörrach-Haagen 1997, pp. 42–45
85. ↑ Rolf Wagner: Historical significance of Rötteln and the care of the castle ruins of Lörrach. In: Badische Heimat. Volume 82, 2002, p. 635
86. ↑ see Walter Gümpel: Report of the Röttelnbundes eV for the years 1966 and 1967. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 1/1968, p. 56 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
87. ↑ Rolf Wagner: Historical significance of Rötteln and the care of the castle ruins of Lörrach. In: Badische Heimat. Volume 82, 2002, p. 635
88. ↑ see Walter Gümpel: Report of the Röttelnbundes eV for the years 1966 and 1967. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 1/1968, p. 57 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
89. ↑ Rolf Wagner: Historical significance of Rötteln and the care of the castle ruins of Lörrach. In: Badische Heimat. Volume 82, 2002, p. 636
90. ↑ see annual report 1975: Röttelnbund eV Haagen. In: Das Markgräflerland, Issue 1/2 1976, pp. 183-184, digital copy of the Freiburg University Library
91. ↑ see Simon Küpper: 50 years Rötteln EV Haagen. In: Castles and Palaces. Journal for Castle Research and Monument Preservation, Vol. 17 No. 1 (1976), pp. 45–46 pdf; accessed on April 4, 2019
92. ↑ Rolf Wagner: Historical significance of Rötteln and the care of the castle ruins of Lörrach. In: Badische Heimat. Volume 82, 2002, p. 634 ff.
93. ↑ ^{a b} Wagner, Castle Guide Upper Rhine. P. 117
94. ↑ Uwe Gimpel: The Röttelnbund eV Haagen. In: Ralf Wagner et al. (Editor), State Palaces and Gardens of Baden-Württemberg (Editor): Burg Rötteln: Rule between Basel and France . JS Klotz publishing house. Neulingen 2020, ISBN 978-3-948424-60-2 , pp. 163-166
95. ↑ see Otto Wittmann : Das Röttler Schloß near Lörrach, Geology and Building Ground. In: Communications from the Badisches Landesverein für Naturkunde und Naturschutz e. V., Freiburg i. Br / Notices from the Badisches Landesverein für Naturkunde und Naturschutz e. V., Freiburg i. Br.; NF 5: Hefte 1–6, 1948–1952, p. 176 ( freidok.uni-freiburg.de ). Notwithstanding Heimgartner: The castle Rötteln. P. 12 " ... brought about from the most distant fractures ... " quoted: August Buxtorf : Dogger and Meeressand at the Röttler Castle near Basel. In: Mitteilungen der Großh. Bath. Geolog. State institution. VII volume, 1st issue, 1912.
96. ↑ ^{a b} Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. P. 222.
97. ↑ Schwarzwald-tourismus.info: Westweg stamp cards . Retrieved June 27, 2018 . 
98. ^ Ordinance on the protection of parts of the country in the districts of Lörrach and Haagen ; accessed on April 4, 2019
99. ↑ Protected area profile ; accessed on April 4, 2019
100. ^ Map of Rötteln Castle and the surrounding area ; accessed on April 4, 2019
101. ^ Kruger: Burg Rötteln. P. 36.
102. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. P. 233.
103. ^ Badische Zeitung. April 5, 2012: Archaeologists: Rötteln Castle is older than expected ; Stefan King and Heiko Wagner: Lörrach, Rötteln castle ruins: curtain wall of the outer bailey, south-eastern section. Observations during the demolition , January 2012, regiotrends.de (PDF; 738 kB), accessed on October 13, 2012.
104. ^ Kruger: Burg Rötteln. Pp. 19-20, 38.
105. ^ Kruger: Burg Rötteln. P. 21.
106. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. P. 231.
107. ↑ schloesser-und-gaerten.de: The three components of Rötteln Castle , accessed on September 8, 2013
108. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. P. 223.
109. ↑ Heimgartner: Rötteln castle ruins. P. 38.
110. ↑ Ashlar stones at the keep , accessed on September 18, 2013
111. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. P. 224.
112. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. Pp. 225-226.
113. ^ Entry in the Middle High German Concise Dictionary on gilniz , accessed on September 17, 2013
114. ↑ Heimgartner: Rötteln castle ruins. P. 40.
115. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. P. 232
116. ↑ ^{a b} Kruger: Rötteln Castle. P. 22.
117. ↑ the coat of arms was destroyed by vandalism in 2010
118. ↑ in the notation common around 1500, which shows the 4 as half an 8.
119. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. P. 227
120. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. P. 228
121. ↑ Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. P. 229
122. ↑ ^{a b} Kruger: Rötteln Castle. P. 24.
123. ↑ ^{a b} Schomann: Haagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln. P. 230.
124. ↑ see Johannes Helm: Kirchen- und Kapellen im Markgräflerland , Müllheim / Baden 1989, p. 178; capella beate Marie virginis in castro Rotelen ; the papal envoy Raimund Peraudi prepared a letter of indulgence in 1504 , which assured the visitors of the chapel an indulgence.
125. ↑ Relief map in the Geoportal Baden-Württemberg; accessed on July 28, 2020
126. ↑ See Andreas Haasis-Berner: The early modern ski jump at Rötteln Castle. In: Ralf Wagner et al. (Editor), State Palaces and Gardens of Baden-Württemberg (Editor): Burg Rötteln: Rule between Basel and France . JS Klotz publishing house. Neulingen 2020, ISBN 978-3-948424-60-2 , pp. 131-139, here p. 138
127. ↑ See also Andreas Haasis-Berner: Conflict Archeology. The Upper Rhine as a war zone in the 17th and 18th centuries. In: Preservation of Monuments in Baden-Württemberg 2/2018, p. 122 pdf
128. ↑ Section 27 of the Baden-Württemberg Monument Protection Act
129. ↑ Karl Seith : The castle Rötteln in the change of their master families. In: Das Markgräflerland , Heft 3 (1931/32), p. 22 ( digitized version of the Freiburg University Library ).
130. ↑ Thomas Mallingers Tagbücher , In: Franz Mone (Editor): Sourcebook of the Baden country's history. Volume 2, 1854, p. 586 (January 30, 1638) digitized
131. ↑ see Bernhard Röse: Duke Bernhard the Great of Saxony-Weimar . biographer. shown. - in the publishing house of the Großh. Saxon. priv. Landes-Industrie-Comptoirs, 2nd volume, Weimar 1829, p. 230 ( Google digitized version ); in the source Brombach is erroneously named Brambach .
132. ↑ see Karl du Jarrys Freiherr von La Roche : The Thirty Years' War illuminated from the military point of view. Volume 3, Schaffhausen 1852, p. 146 ( Google digitized version )
133. ↑ see Bernhard Röse: Duke Bernhard the Great of Saxony-Weimar . biographer. shown. - in the publishing house of the Großh. Saxon. priv. Landes-Industrie-Comptoirs, Volume 2, Weimar 1829, p. 232 ( Google digitized version )
134. ↑ see Karl du Jarrys Freiherr von La Roche : The Thirty Years' War illuminated from the military point of view. Volume 3, Schaffhausen 1852, p. 148 ( Google digitized version )
135. ↑ see Theatri Europaei Continuatio III. That is: Historical Chronicle Third Part. Frankfurt, 1670, p. 955 digital copy of the Augsburg University Library ; La Roche erroneously indicated p. 915 in footnote p. 148
136. ^ Relief map of the Schwedenschanze (refuge) in the Baden-Württemberg geoportal
137. ↑ Relief map of the Schwabenstutz in the Geoportal Baden-Württemberg.
138. ↑ See Andreas Haasis-Berner: The early modern ski jump at Rötteln Castle. In: Ralf Wagner et al. (Editor), State Palaces and Gardens of Baden-Württemberg (Editor): Burg Rötteln: Rule between Basel and France . JS Klotz publishing house. Neulingen 2020, ISBN 978-3-948424-60-2 , pp. 131-139, here pp. 133-136
139. ↑ See Andreas Haasis-Berner: The early modern ski jump at Rötteln Castle. In: Ralf Wagner et al. (Editor), State Palaces and Gardens of Baden-Württemberg (Editor): Burg Rötteln: Rule between Basel and France . JS Klotz publishing house. Neulingen 2020, ISBN 978-3-948424-60-2 , pp. 131-139, here p. 138
140. ↑ see Anna Rapp Buri, Monica Stucky-Schürer: Der Flachsland-Teppich , Basel 1989 and Klaus Schubring: Comments on the Flachsland-Carpet. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 2/1995, pp. 75–85
141. ^ Albert Werminghoff : The Upper Baden region in the pilgrim book of Hans von Waltheim from the year 1474/75 in: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine , 1922, vol. 76 / NF 37, pp. 71-82. ( archive.org )
142. ↑ Waltheim was accompanied by the provost of Interlaken , who had been deposed and arrested by Bern , Heinrich Blum (also called Heinrich Floris in Latin), who had only been released from custody about a month earlier. See Hermann Rennefahrt: Bern and the Interlaken Monastery. A dispute between state and church in the years 1473–1475 . In: Bern journal for history and local history . tape 20 , 1958, pp. 151-185 , doi : 10.5169 / seals-243616 .
143. ^ Sophie Stelzle-Hüglin: Home decor at Rötteln Castle. Oven ceramics from Gothic and Renaissance. P. 637
144. ↑ ^{a b} Kruger: Rötteln Castle. P. 27
145. ^ Oven tiles from Rötteln Castle , accessed on September 12, 2013
146. ^ Kruger: Burg Rötteln. Pp. 42-44
147. ↑ Sabine Ehrentreich: The Comics of the Middle Ages. In: Badische Zeitung of September 24, 2019
148. ↑ Sabine Ehrentreich: Crooked picture from the knight's meal. In: Badische Zeitung of September 17, 2019
149. ↑ see Sophie Stelzle-Hüglin: Clay pipe finds from Rötteln Castle near Lörrach. In: Michael Schmaedecke (editor): Clay pipes in Switzerland. Contributions to the colloquium on tobacco pipes made of clay Liestal March 26, 1998 . Liestal: Archäologie & Kantonsmuseum Baselland, 1999, pp. 116–123. pdf
150. ↑ A knight must be able to play chess. In: Badische Zeitung of September 3, 2019
151. ↑ Sabine Ehrentreich: "... he dies through hardship". In: Badische Zeitung of October 7, 2019
152. ↑ The Rötteln Castle Collection in the Dreiländermuseum , accessed on September 11, 2013
153. ^ Homepage of the Association of German Architects - Baden-Württemberg; accessed on October 23, 2019
154. ↑ according to internal statistics of the Röttelnbund 2007–2019 an annual average of 47,969. With approx. 270 opening days per year, this corresponds to an average number of around 180 visitors per day. In the outer bailey with the beer garden, the number of visitors not recorded is many times that.
155. ^ Association history of the Burgfestspiele Rötteln. Retrieved June 27, 2018 . 
156. ↑ Homepage of the festival 2018 , accessed on June 27, 2018
157. ^ Südkurier : Filmfestival auf der Burg , article from August 13, 2003, accessed on September 8, 2013
158. ↑ Homepage of the Bunter Haufen Basel group with the dates of the performances; accessed on January 31, 2020
159. ↑ Willi Adam: The castle tavern Rötteln in Lörrach becomes "Fräulein Burg". In: Badische Zeitung from October 18, 2017
160. ↑ Getting married in Lörrach on the homepage of the city of Lörrach; accessed on January 31, 2020
161. ↑ Statistics. Emilia and Elias are the most popular names for newborns in Lörrach. In: Badische Zeitung of January 9, 2020; accessed on January 31, 2020
162. ↑ Official RedBallon website , last accessed on July 20, 2018
163. ↑ see Badische Zeitung of September 18, 2018
164. ↑ A detailed reference to the illustrations of Rötteln Castle in the various editions of Cosmographia can be found on the archived discussion page on Rötteln Castle: Symbolic illustrations of Rötteln Castle in various editions of Sebastian Munster's Cosmographia from September 2016.
165. ^ Daniel Meisner, Eberhard Kieser: Thesaurus philo-politicus, he emblemata s. moralia politica ...: accessit civitatum et urbium vera delineatio. Kieser, Francofurti ad M. 1625, 1st book, 5th part, Frankfurt 1625 [2]
166. ^ Daniel Meisner, Eberhard Kieser: Thesaurus philo-politicus, he emblemata s. moralia politica ...: accessit civitatum et urbium vera delineatio. Kieser, Francofurti ad M. 1625, 1st book, 5th part, (explanation of the figures, penultimate page)
167. ↑ see Daniel Meisner: Thesaurus philopoliticus (political treasure chest ); newly published and introduced by Fritz Herrmann and Leonhard Kraft; Heidelberg 1927, p. XXXV in the Internet Archive
168. ^ Eduard Devrient : My memories of Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy and his letters to me, Leipzig, JJ Weber; P. 194 [3] and Walter Jung: Famous guests in Lörrach. In: Das Markgrfälerland, Volume 2/2002, p. 104
169. ↑ Fritz Herbster, Karl Friedrich Rieber: Loerrach in the Wiesental. The city in the tri-border region. Jan Thorbecke Verlag, 1965, pp. 6-7.
170. ^ Johann Peter Hebel: Die Vergänlichkeit , in: Alemannische Gedichte , 1803. S. 178
171. ^ Johann Peter Hebel: Die Wiese , in: Hebels all works: Volume 1 , Karlsruhe 1803. P. 17–36
172. ^ Fritz Schülin: Rötteln-Haagen, contributions to local, landscape and settlement history, Lörrach 1965; Pp. 661/662; the legend is available online: J. Erhardt: Burg Röteln or the witch of Binzen. In: FA Stocker (Ed.): Vom Jura zum Schwarzwald, 2nd volume. Aarau 1885, pp. 49-53 in the Internet Archive .
173. ↑ Anecdote on the "Witch von Binzen" , accessed on September 9, 2013.
174. ↑ Sage about the White Woman , accessed on September 10, 2013
175. ↑ dreilaendermuseum.eu: April 13 - November 17, 2019 Rötteln Castle - Rule between Basel and France , last accessed on March 27, 2019
176. ↑ See Bertram Jenisch: Monument conservation education at Rötteln Castle with elementary school students - adventure kit “Castles in the Middle Ages”. In: Ralf Wagner et al. (Editor), State Palaces and Gardens of Baden-Württemberg (Editor): Burg Rötteln: Rule between Basel and France . JS Klotz publishing house. Neulingen 2020, ISBN 978-3-948424-60-2 , pp. 155-161

This article was added to the list of excellent articles on November 18, 2013 in this version .