Sundgau

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As Sundgau one is landscape in the south of Alsace, in the southern area of the department of Haut-Rhin referred. It lies roughly between the cities of Basel , Belfort and Mulhouse .

Territory and history

Expansion of the diocese of Basel

In medieval times the area of the former Alsace was divided into two districts divided, the " Nordgau " ( Nordgowe, " Lower Rhine ") and "Südgau" ( Suntgowe, "Sundgau", "Upper Rhine") were called. The border roughly corresponded to that which was established in 297 when the Roman province Germania superior was divided into Maxima Sequanorum in the south and Germania prima in the north - at the Landgraben south of Schlettstadt .

Until well into modern times, the diocese of Basel ( ecclesiastical province Besançon ) also bordered the diocese of Strasbourg ( ecclesiastical province Mainz ) there.

Sundgau or the Upper Rhine thus corresponded approximately to the present-day department of Haut-Rhin , however, to the 11th century, he handed in the south nor the Jura up to the Aare . In the late Middle Ages , the term was narrowed to those parts that were under Habsburg rule. These extended beyond Belfort in the west , i.e. into traditionally French-speaking areas.

As part of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, the Habsburgs were forced to cede the Sundgau to the French king. Until the French Revolution, the church of Upper Alsace belonged to the diocese of Basel .

Recently, after the Territoire de Belfort was separated from the Haut-Rhin department in 1871 , a further reduction to the areas in southern Upper Alsace took place.

St.  Morandus in Altkirch is traditionally the patron of the Sundgau.

geography

The regional center is the small town of Altkirch . The hilly landscape is characterized by agriculture and village structures. The highest point of the Sundgau is in the municipality of Bettlach at 525 meters above sea level.

Counts in Sundgau

Liutfriden

The Liutfriden were a line of the family of the Etichonen and provided the counts of Sundgau in the 9th and 10th centuries.

  • Hugo, Count in Sundgau, 866/69 lay abbot from Münster-Granfelden
  • Liutfrid, attested in 876/902, Count in Sundgau, brother Hugos
  • Liutfrid, 986 Graf im Sundgau, probably great-grandson of the aforementioned Liutfrid
  • Otto I von Habsburg († June 28, 1046), Count in Sundgau, son of Ita von Lothringen and Radbot

Sundgaugrafen

From 1125 to 1324 the Counts of Pfirt were the lords of the Sundgau.

Governors in Sundgau

  • Martin Malterer , X 1386 near Sempach, 1381/84 Austrian governor in Alsace , Sundgau and Breisgau
  • Walter von der Altenklingen, † 1394/95, 1381/85 governor in Aargau , Thurgau and Black Forest , 1386 governor in Alsace and Burgundy (Sundgau)
  • Friedrich III. von Teck, † 1390, 1359 Austrian governor in Swabia, Alsace, Sundgau, Thurgau and Aargau ( Zähringer )
  • Friedrich IV., † 1413, son of Friedrich III., 1391 Duke of Teck , bailiff in Alsace ( Zähringer )
  • Johann von Ochsenstein , 1384 bailiff in Alsace and Sundgau, X 1386 near Sempach
  • Smassmann (Maximin I.) von Rappoltstein, † 1451, 1406/08 Austrian governor in Alsace and Sundgau
  • Smassmann (Maximin I.) von Rappoltstein, † 1451, 1432/37 2nd time Austrian governor in Alsace and Sundgau
  • Wilhelm I, † 1507, Lord von Rappoltstein, 1476/82 governor in the western Austrian states
  • Wilhelm I, † 1507, Lord von Rappoltstein, 1486/87 2nd time governor in the western Austrian lands
  • Rudolf Graf von Sulz , † 1535, Landgrave in Klettgau , 1520 royal governor of Württemberg, 1523/35 governor of the western Austrian provinces

Web links

Commons : Sundgau  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. see e.g. B. Klaus Malettke : Richelieu: A life in the service of the king and France. Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, 2018, p. 735