Neuchâtel (Kleinkems)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Neuchâtel
Alternative name (s): Castrum Nuwenburg
Creation time : 12th Century
Castle type : Höhenburg, summit location
Conservation status: Burgstall, no more remains
Standing position : Clerical
Place: Efringen churches, district of Kleinkems
Geographical location 47 ° 40 '27.3 "  N , 7 ° 31' 47.6"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 40 '27.3 "  N , 7 ° 31' 47.6"  E
Height: 291  m above sea level NHN
Neuchâtel (Baden-Wuerttemberg)
Neuchâtel

The Neuenburg (Castrum Nuwenburg) is an abandoned castle complex in Kleinkems , a district of the municipality of Efringen-Kirchen in the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg .

Geographical location

The hilltop castle was 291  m above sea level. NHN on the summit plateau of a mountain spur in the Wallistannen valley about 1.3 kilometers southeast of the village of Kleinkems near the former rock mill. Due to the use as a quarry, not only the castle but also the mountain spur has come off.

history

It is assumed that there was a Roman Rhine crossing at Kembs (Cambete) and that such a crossing also existed in the Middle Ages - possibly with a slightly different location. The castle complex could have served to protect and control such a transition. Based on the ceramic finds, it is assumed to be used as early as the 12th century and the owner in the 12th and 13th centuries is said to have been the Duchy of Basel . This is derived from the description of a gift from the Basel bishop Lüthold von Rötteln. In 1406 an abandoned castle complex in Kleinkems is mentioned, which must refer to Neuchâtel.

The remains of the castle complex were blown up on July 18, 1956.

description

Today nothing remains of the former castle complex, as it was blown up in 1956 when the limestone quarry was expanded. In 1955 there were excavations and a description of the condition at that time.

To the east, the 20 × 30 meter facility on the spur was protected by a neck ditch . The complex consisted mainly of a round tower with about 3.20 meters thick walls. During the excavation, the walls of the tower, which were several meters high, were exposed. The masonry was made of limestone. Wall and charred remains of beams led to the conclusion that there was another building in addition to the tower.

Pieces of high and late medieval pottery and oven ceramics were found in a pit under the tower foundation.

irritations

There is confusion between the Neuchâtel and the supposed Vollenburg .

literature

  • Martin Strotz: Kleinkems (Efringen-Kirchen, LÖ). In: Alfons Zettler, Thomas Zotz : The castles in medieval Breisgau, II. Southern part: half volume AK . Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2009, ISBN 978-3-7995-7366-5 , pp. 399-411.
  • Fritz Schächtelin: The excavations on the Neuchâtel near Kleinkems. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 2/1955, pp. 114–116 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ s. Strotz p. 403
  2. ↑ s. Strotz p. 407
  3. ↑ s. Schächtelin p. 116
  4. ↑ s. Strotz pp. 402-403; Schächtelin p. 116 also reports on early medieval shards, but the finds can no longer be found
  5. ↑ s. Strotz p. 410