Hertenberg ruins

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hertenberg ruins
Hertenberg ruins - Restored remains of the shield wall

Hertenberg ruins - Restored remains of the shield wall

Alternative name (s): Hertenburg
Creation time : 1256
Castle type : Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status: Wall remains
Standing position : Counts, ministerials
Place: Rheinfelden -Herten
Geographical location 47 ° 33 '9.5 "  N , 7 ° 42' 46.7"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 33 '9.5 "  N , 7 ° 42' 46.7"  E
Height: 383  m above sea level NN
Hertenberg ruins (Baden-Württemberg)
Hertenberg ruins

The ruin Hertenberg , also called Hertenburg , is the ruin of a spur castle at 383  m above sea level. NN high Geländesporn (Schlosskopf) near Markhof west of the village center of the Herten district of the city of Rheinfelden in the Loerrach district in Baden-Württemberg . Remnants of the wall are still preserved from the former castle complex, a double castle.

location

The ruin can be reached via the road from Wyhlen to Herten (L 139). From the parking lot at the Markhof it can be found on a signposted footpath in about 20 minutes at the height north of the Markhof. The Hirschenleck ruins are located about half a kilometer northeast of the Hertenberg ruins.

history

Coat of arms of those of Hertenberg

In 1999, between the finds from the medieval castle, part of a Roman soldier's belt was discovered, as it was also worn by Germanic auxiliary troops and was found in a number of Alemannic hilltop settlements. Ceramic shards from the time of the Migration Period supported the hypothesis of an early Alemannic hilltop settlement on the Hertenberg.

The first known written evidence of a castle near Herten can be found in the "smaller yearbooks of Kolmar" under the entry for the year 1261. The castle was built by the Counts of Habsburg and built in 1268 in the course of the disputes between Rudolf von Habsburg and Bishop Heinrich von Neuchâtel (see also Psitticher and Sterner ) destroyed (according to Tschudi 1272). However, the thesis is also put forward that the two complexes, separated by a deep neck ditch, were two counter-castles , the smaller south-facing castle in the middle of the 13th century by the later bishop Heinrich, at the time pleban of the St. Martin monastery Rheinfelden , and the larger north castle with the keep a little later by Count Rudolf to assert his claims to the Rheinfelden rule. The bishop destroyed the latter, which was named Schadbasel in a document from 1296 , in 1268, while the former lasted longer and possibly fell victim to the Basel earthquake in 1356 .

The castle then belonged to Konrad Ludwig from a Basel ministerial family from around 1300, who presumably had received the castle as a fiefdom of the Basel bishop and named himself around 1300 after his accolade from Hertenberg . The family was originally based on the Basel Nadelberg in a property called zum Schönen Huse , which still exists today. After the castle had to be abandoned because of the earthquake in 1356, the family settled in Rheinfelden . In the battle of Sempach in 1386 the Rheinfeld mayor Berchtold von Hertenberg was also killed.

description

Hertenberg Castle was a double castle that stretched over two rock spurs that are separated by a deep moat . The remains of a keep could be found in the northern part . The tower had a round floor plan with a diameter of about 8.5 meters. The plateau on the northern rock spur was enclosed by a wall. The remains of a building and a strong shield wall were found on the southern rocky spur . It is assumed that the southern part was built on later and that construction was probably not finished at all.

Preservation of the castle ruins

In 1992, when the remains of the former shield wall were supported, the main preservation step by private individuals took place. Subsequently, a support association was founded. In the Rheinfelder Stadtmuseum there are some finds from the area of ​​the castle ruins.

See also

There is a possibility of confusion with the abandoned Hertenberg Castle in the Alsatian village of Gueberschwihr .

literature

  • Alfons Zettler : Herten (Rheinfelden, LÖ) In: Alfons Zettler, Thomas Zotz (Hrsg.): The castles in medieval Breisgau, II. Southern part: half volume AK . Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2009, ISBN 978-3-7995-7366-5 , pp. 278-290.
  • Gerhard Fingerlin : In Kaiseraugst's field of vision: The Hertenberg, a newly discovered hilltop settlement from the migration period in the western High Rhine Valley. In: Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden, Vol. 66 (2002), pp. 13-21 digitized
  • Daniel Grütter: The Hertenberg castle ruins . In: Rheinfelder Geschichtsblätter. 9, 1999, pp. 123-140.
  • Friedrich-Wilhelm Krahe: Castles of the German Middle Ages - floor plan lexicon . Special edition. Flechsig Verlag, Würzburg 2000, ISBN 3-88189-360-1 , p. 268.
  • Werner Meyer : Castles from A to Z - Burgenlexikon der Regio . Published by the Castle Friends of both Basels on the occasion of their 50th anniversary. Klingental printing works, Basel 1981, pp. 16-17.
  • Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz (ed.): Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments, Volume 47: Lörrach and the foreland on the right bank of the Rhine from Basel . Verlag Philipp von Zabern , Mainz am Rhein 1981, ISBN 3-8053-0530-3 , pp. 132-133 and 250-251.
  • Albert Krieger : Topographical Dictionary of the Grand Duchy of Baden . Volume 1, column 950. Published by the Baden Historical Commission. Heidelberg 1904. (online)
  • Julius Kindler von Knobloch : Upper Baden gender book . Volume 2, Heidelberg 1894, p. 44. (online)
  • Christian Adolf Müller: IV. From the southern edge of the Dinkelberg to the Hotzenwald. In: Das Markgräflerland, 1973, special issue Burgen und Schlösser, pp. 49–57; zur Hertenburg pp. 51–52 Digitized by the Freiburg University Library
  • Adolf Poinsignon : Sales Hertenberg in wastelands and desert areas in Breisgau. In: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine, Volume 41, 1887, p. 356 in the Internet Archive

Web links

Commons : Burgruine Hertenberg  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

References and comments

  1. ↑ Gerhard Fingerlin : In Kaiseraugst's field of vision: The Hertenberg, a newly discovered hilltop settlement from the migration period in the western High Rhine Valley . In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 1/2007, pp. 14–22.
  2. ↑ s. Chronicle of Kolmar, p. 4 of the translation of Pope online in the Google book search
  3. ↑ Alfons Zettler: Herten In: Alfons Zettler and Thomas Zotz (eds.): The castles in medieval Breisgau II: Southern part, half volume A - K, Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2009, p. 288. Zettler relies on the Chronicle of Kolmar, P. 125 of the translation of Pope online in the Google book search
  4. ↑ Aegidius Tschudi: Chronicon Helveticum, Volume I., p. 175. online in the Google book search
  5. ↑ Alfons Zettler: The medieval castles Hertenberg and Rheinfelden - reflections on the historical and topographical basis of their creation In: Burgen und Schlösser , magazine for castle research and monument preservation, ed. from the German Castle Association , 4/2015, pp. 211–218
  6. ↑ originally an Italian family named Ludovici; s. Oberbadisches Volksblatt v. October 31, 1992.
  7. ↑ List of fallen nobles on the Habsburg side in the battle of Sempach / H
  8. ↑ s. Grütter p. 123
  9. ↑ s. Oberbadisches Volksblatt v. October 31, 1992.
  10. ↑ s. Baden pages