Rotenburg castle ruins

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Rotenburg castle ruins
Rotenburg castle ruins - ruins of the round keep

Rotenburg castle ruins - ruins of the round keep

Alternative name (s): Rotenberg
Creation time : probably in two stages in the 11th and 13th centuries
Castle type : Höhenburg, summit location
Conservation status: Ruin, few remains of the wall preserved
Standing position : Noble Free
Construction: Cuboid and small cuboid masonry
Place: Wieslet - "Rotenberg"
Geographical location 47 ° 41 '49.8 "  N , 7 ° 48' 27.5"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 41 '49.8 "  N , 7 ° 48' 27.5"  E
Height: 620.2  m above sea level NHN
Rotenburg castle ruins (Baden-Württemberg)
Rotenburg castle ruins

The Rotenburg castle ruins are the ruins of a hilltop castle on a steep, 620.2  m above sea level. NHN high hill in the valley of the Kleine Wiese between Niedertegernau and Wieslet in the municipality of Kleines Wiesental in the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg .

Only a few historical data are known about the castle; only small remains of masonry, walls and ditches to secure the complex have survived.

history

The early history of this small castle complex is still unknown; it was probably only built in the period from the year 1200, as can be seen from the type of masonry of the core castle. Ceramic finds, however, indicate an older predecessor building from the 11th century, which may have included the ramparts that surround the castle hill. The gentlemen von Waldeck would therefore also be considered as the builder of the first system . The early complex was probably abandoned towards the end of the 11th century and possibly passed to the Lords of Rötteln through inheritance . In the middle of the 13th century, the brothers Konrad and Dietrich IV. Von Rötteln shared ownership, as a result of which Dietrich named himself after the Rotenberg from now on. Probably only with this division of property was the castle settled again. The castle itself is mentioned in documents in 1259, 1270 and 1283 as the place of a donation. After two tangible generations of the family, the Rotenbergers died out with Dietrich V. von Rötteln-Rotenburg around 1280. Before his death, Dietrich bequeathed all of his property to the Prince Bishopric of Basel and the St. Blasien monastery in his will . Dietrich and his wife received the property back as part of a larger community of heirs, whose last survivor and therefore owner of the castle was Mathias Reich von Reichenstein . Rotenberg Castle came to Konrad Münch von Münchenberg and Thuringia von Ramstein at the beginning of the 14th century, probably through a purchase process . After a legal dispute, the two owners sold the castle in 1311 for 250 silver marks to Lüthold II von Rötteln and his heir Rudolf von Sausenberg . The castle came back to the Röttlers and, after its extinction, to their heirs, the Sausenbergers. But it was probably given up soon afterwards.

description

The castle ruins are located on a rocky mountain cone that drops steeply on all sides. The complex consisted of a core castle at the summit area and possibly a bailey that was connected to the southwest.

The entire hill of the inner castle is surrounded by an irregularly oval ring ditch that was carved out of the surrounding rock (Fig. 1). A ring wall was also placed in front of this ditch . The castle hill rises a few meters from the moat and was built on an area of ​​around 50 by 25 meters with an oval ring wall , which was leaned against the rock wall of the castle hill and has been preserved especially on the east side. Next to it was a round keep in the middle of the west side of the castle complex . This tower had a diameter of nine meters with a wall thickness of about three meters. Its masonry consisted of larger blocks on the outside, the inner cladding was irregularly layered with smaller, only insignificantly processed cuboids (cover picture and picture 2). Another larger building was located in the southern part of the facility (Fig. 3), from which a 15-meter-long section of wall made of house bricks was preserved (Fig. 4), next to it there is a flat relief arch .

A bailey may have been located southwest of the ring wall. A further arched trench with an outer wall was placed in front of this wall .

  • Image 1: View into the moat and the ring wall

  • Photo 2: Inside of the keep

  • Image 3: View over the rest of the tower to the wall of the southern building

  • Photo 4: Remnants of the wall of the southern building

literature

  • Andre Gutmann: The castles of the Lords of Röteln, their side line of Rotenberg and their ministeriality. In: Ralf Wagner et al. (Editor), State Palaces and Gardens of Baden-Württemberg (Editor): Burg Rötteln: Rule between Basel and France . JS Klotz publishing house. Neulingen 2020, ISBN 978-3-948424-60-2 , pp. 29-41; here pp. 30–32
  • Friedrich-Wilhelm Krahe: Castles of the German Middle Ages - floor plan lexicon . Special edition. Flechsig Verlag, Würzburg 2000, ISBN 3-88189-360-1 , p. 515.
  • Werner Meyer : Castles from A to Z - Burgenlexikon der Regio . Published by the Castle Friends of both Basels on the occasion of their 50th anniversary. Klingental printing works, Basel 1981, p. 29.
  • Adolf Poinsignon: Rothenburg ruins . In: Schau-ins-Land 14th year (1888), pp. 33–35 online at Freiburg University Library
  • Uehlin: The young lady of Rothenburg . In: Schau-ins-Land 14th year (1888), p. 35. (poem) online at the Freiburg University Library
  • Franz Xaver Kraus : The art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden , Tübingen and Leipzig, 1901, fifth volume - Lörrach district; Pp. 185-186 online

Web links

Commons : Castle ruin Rotenburg  - collection of pictures

Remarks

  1. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  2. ^ Andreas Haasis-Berner and Bertram Jenisch: Early castles in southern Baden . In: Marburg Working Group for European Castle Research (Hg.), News on Castle Registration and Castle Research in Baden-Württemberg. Contributions to the conference in Esslingen am Neckar 10 to 12 November 2016. European correspondence sheet for interdisciplinary Castellogie Volume 4, pp. 111-136, Radebeul, 2018. Here pp. 111, 113
  3. ^ Gutmann, The castles of the lords of Röteln, their side line of Rotenberg and their ministeriality. , P. 30
  4. ↑ Meyer, Burgen von A bis Z - Burgenlexikon der Regio , p. 29
  5. ^ Gutmann, The castles of the lords of Röteln, their side line of Rotenberg and their ministeriality. , P. 31f.
  6. ^ Friedrich-Wilhelm Krahe: Castles of the German Middle Ages - Floor Plan Lexicon , p. 515
  7. ↑ Source description: Werner Meyer: Burgen von A to Z - Burgenlexikon der Regio , p. 29 f.