Heinrich of Neuchâtel

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Heinrich of Neuchâtel , as Bishop Heinrich III. (* in the 12th or 13th century; † September 13, 1274 ) was Bishop of Basel from 1263 until his death .

Live and act

Heinrich came from the family of the Counts of Neuchâtel . His parents were Ulrich III, Count of Neuchâtel († 1225), and his wife Jolanthe von Urach , a daughter of Egino IV , Count of Urach. Berthold , Bishop of Lausanne, was his uncle and his predecessor Berthold II von Pfirt was his cousin. Heinrich is mentioned for the first time in 1234 as a canon in Basel, from 1239 to 1259 he is archdeacon there and from 1247/48 to 1257 Archipresbyter . From 1246 to 1257 he succeeded his brother Otto Stiftspropst in Solothurn . He became canon in Moutier-Grandval in 1247 and there in 1249 as the successor of Berthold von Pfirt Provost. 1259 Henry was provost in Basel and in 1261 Pope appointed him Urban IV. To the coadjutor of the diseased Basel bishop Berthold of Ferrette. After Berthold's death, Heinrich succeeded in being elected Bishop of Basel by the cathedral chapter, and papal confirmation was given in 1264. Heinrich tried to expand the episcopal territory. In 1264 he acquired the rule in Erguel , in 1265 he became feudal lord of Olten and Waldenburg , and in 1271 over the county of Pfirt . King Richard of Cornwall confirmed the bishop's rule over Breisach and the Alsatian Münstertal in 1262 . The expansion into Alsace brought the diocese into conflict with Count Rudolf von Habsburg . In 1271 Heinrich allied himself with the Strasbourg bishop Heinrich IV von Geroldseck against the Habsburgs. In the city of Basel Heinrich relied on the noble faction of the Psitticher , the Habsburg friendly Sterner were forced to leave the city in 1271. In 1272 he was able to gain patronage over Neuchâtel . In 1272 Rudolf von Habsburg began to besiege the city of Basel. After Rudolf was elected king on October 1, 1273, the city opened its gates to Rudolf and paid homage to him. In 1274 Rudolf forced the bishop to cede Breisach, Neuchâtel and Rheinfelden to the empire, so that the expansion of Basel to a territorial principality had failed. In the city of Basel gave Heinrich several crafts, among other gardeners, butchers and weavers the guild freedom , citizenship he put a hand festivals from 1274 also received Kleinbasel , let fix the Heinrich by a wall, a hand festivals. Heinrich died of a stroke not long after his defeat and was buried in the St. Martin's Chapel in Basel Minster .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Charles Crowley: Burgundy Kingdom Nobility. Ch. 7 Comtes de Neuchâtel in Foundations of Medieval Genealogy. (In contrast to ABD, NDB and HLS, Heinrich's father is counted as Ulrich IV.)

literature

Web links

predecessor Office successor
Berthold II of Pfirt Bishop of Basel
1263–1274 		Heinrich IV. Knoderer of Isny
personal data
SURNAME Neuchâtel, Heinrich von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Basel
DATE OF BIRTH before 1234
DATE OF DEATH September 13, 1274