Scherzheim

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Scherzheim
City of Lichtenau
Coat of arms of Scherzheim
Coordinates: 48 ° 42 ′ 38 "  N , 7 ° 59 ′ 43"  E
Height : 125 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 1000
Incorporation : January 1, 1972
Postal code : 77839
Area code : 07227
Scherzheim from the air
Scherzheim from the air
Weinbrennerkirche and Scherzheim Town Hall

Scherzheim a district of the city of Lichtenau in the Baden-Württemberg district of Rastatt . It was incorporated on January 1, 1972 and has over 1000 inhabitants.

Geographical location

Scherzheim is located in the Upper Rhine Plain 2 km south-south-west of the Lichtenau core city, 2.2 km south-west of Ulm and 2 km north-north-east of Muckenschopf , all districts of the city of Lichtenau. In the neighboring Ortenaukreis, parts of the urban area of Rheinau with the local district Helmlingen are located west to south-west of the village . The lower reaches of the Acher (Feldbach) flows through Scherzheim , a right-hand tributary of the Rhine, which runs 2.7 km northwest of the town on the border with France . The Altrhein near Scherzheim lies between this river and the village . The Rhine Low Canal runs past there.

history

middle Ages

The name of the village, Scherzheim, can probably be derived from a personal name as "Scarto's home" from the Merovingian period . From 1145 a connection with the neighboring and today also Lichtenau district of Ulm is documented. At that time Scherzheim belonged to the Schwarzach Monastery . The village belonged to the Lichtenau office of the Lichtenberg rule . It was allodial possession. In 1335, the middle and younger lines of the House of Lichtenberg divided the country. The Lichtenau office - and with it Scherzheim - fell to Ludwig III. von Lichtenberg , who founded the younger line of the house.

Anna von Lichtenberg (* 1442; † 1474) was the daughter of Ludwig V von Lichtenberg (* 1417; † 1474), one of two heirs with claims to the rule of Lichtenberg . In 1458 she married Count Philip I the Elder of Hanau-Babenhausen (* 1417, † 1480), who had received a small secondary school from the holdings of the County of Hanau in order to be able to marry her. The county of Hanau-Lichtenberg came into being through the marriage . After the death of the last Lichtenberger, Jakob von Lichtenberg , an uncle of Anna, Philipp I. d. Ä. 1480 half of the Lichtenberg rule. The other half went to his brother-in-law, Simon IV. Wecker von Zweibrücken-Bitsch . The office Lichtenau belonged to the part of Lichtenberg that the descendants of Philipp and Anna inherited.

Early modern age

Count Philip IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg (1514–1590), after taking office in 1538, consistently carried out the Reformation in his county, which now became Lutheran . In the wars of the 17th and 18th centuries, Scherzheim was destroyed and looted several times; For example, at the end of the 17th century, after the French general Ezéchiel de Mélac had passed through in the Palatinate War of Succession (1688–1697), there were only three houses in the village.

After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , In 1736 the inheritance - and with it the office of Lichtenau with Scherzheim - fell to the son of his only daughter, Charlotte von Hanau-Lichtenberg , Landgrave Ludwig (IX.) Of Hessen-Darmstadt . During this time, Scherzheim was administratively part of Lichtenau.

Modern times

With the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss the office and Scherzheim were assigned to the newly formed Electorate of Baden in 1803 .

Scherzheim was incorporated into Lichtenau on January 1, 1972 as part of the regional reform in Baden-Württemberg . It was the first community to come to Lichtenau through this process.

Population development

In 1492 Scherzheim had around 150 inhabitants, a hundred years later 350, today there are over 1000 inhabitants.

Culture

Classicist church by Friedrich Weinbrenner

The Protestant village church of Scherzheim was built in 1811 by Friedrich Weinbrenner in the classicism style. It was the first church in Baden in this style and it became the design model for many other churches in the state.

With the Hoftheater Scherzheim , the city of Lichtenau has a cabaret theater.

There are some historic half-timbered houses in the village .

Personalities

Elmer Bantz (1908–2002), who was the broadcaster and director of the Scherzheim Court Theater, is one of the village's sons and daughters .

literature

  • Fritz Eyer: The territory of the Lords of Lichtenberg 1202-1480. Investigations into the property, the rule and the politics of domestic power of a noble family from the Upper Rhine . In: Writings of the Erwin von Steinbach Foundation . 2nd edition, unchanged in the text, by an introduction extended reprint of the Strasbourg edition, Rhenus-Verlag, 1938. Volume 10 . Pfaehler, Bad Neustadt an der Saale 1985, ISBN 3-922923-31-3 (268 pages).
  • Friedrich Knöpp: Territorial holdings of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Hesse-Darmstadt . [typewritten] Darmstadt 1962. [Available in the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt , signature: N 282/6].

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Lichtenau and its districts , u. a. Scherzheim , on lichtenau-baden.de
  2. ↑ Eyer, p. 239.
  3. ↑ Eyer, p. 114.
  4. ↑ Eyer, pp. 79f.
  5. ↑ Knöpp, p. 13.
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 496 .
  7. ↑ See: Homepage of the Protestant church community .