Helmets

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Helmets
City of Rheinau
"Helminger coat of arms": Golden stag with silver antlers on a royal blue shield.
Coordinates: 48 ° 42 ′ 32 ″  N , 7 ° 58 ′ 7 ″  E
Height : 127 m
Area : 7.04 km²
Residents : 887  (Apr 22, 2017)
Population density : 126 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st October 1974
Incorporated into: Freett
Postal code : 77866
Area code : 07227
map
Location of Helmlingen in Rheinau
Local administration of Helmlingen
Local administration of Helmlingen

Helmlingen is a district of the city of Rheinau (Baden) .

geography

Aerial view of the southeastern part of Helmlingen

The place has an area of ​​7.04 km² and had 887 inhabitants in 2017.

Geographical location

Helmlingen is the northernmost settlement in the Ortenau district and thus also in the Freiburg administrative region . It lies in the Upper Rhine Plain on the German- French border. The district of Helmlingen, almost half of which consists of forest and water, borders directly on the Rhine in the west . The residential areas “Bahnstation Helmlingen-Muckenschopf” and “Ziegelhof” are also located in the district.

Neighboring places

The neighboring towns of Helmlingen are the Rheinau districts of Freistett in the southwest and Memprechtshofen in the southeast, and the Alsatian municipality of Offendorf on the other side of the Rhine in the west. To the north and west, the district borders on the Lichtenau districts of Lichtenau, Grauelsbaum and Muckenschopf .

history

Prehistory and early history

In the Gewann Hagel fragments of flint and similar material from the Mesolithic period were found. Traces of a settlement from the Neolithic Age have been excavated in the Dörnau district . The remains of a Roman villa rustica were found in Gewann Stein . It was cultivated from the 1st to the 3rd century AD. It was oriented towards Strasbourg .

middle Ages

In 1154, two hooves belonged to the Ulm cloister courtyard in Schwarzach in what is now Helmlingen . From the 13th century the village of Helmlingen was in the Lichtenau district of the Lichtenberg rule and was allodial property. There is no record of who was the owner before the von Lichtenberg family. In 1335, the middle and younger lines of the House of Lichtenberg divided the country. The office of Lichtenau - and thus Helmlingen - fell to Ludwig III. von Lichtenberg , who founded the younger line of the house. From 1390 to 1393 the indebted Heinrich IV. Von Lichtenberg- Lichtenau pledged all places in the lower Hanauerland - including Helmlingen - to the knight Dietmar von Blumenau .

In 1423 the Helmlingen residents, together with the residents of Renchenloch (now a desert in Memprechtshofen ), successfully attacked a train of goods belonging to Count Friedrich von Zollern , who was on the way to Strasbourg, but they were forced to return the loot.

Anna von Lichtenberg (* 1442; † 1474) was the daughter of Ludwig V von Lichtenberg (* 1417; † 1474), one of two heirs with claims to the rule of Lichtenberg . In 1458 she married Count Philip I the Elder of Hanau-Babenhausen (* 1417, † 1480), who had received a small secondary school from the holdings of the County of Hanau in order to be able to marry her. The county of Hanau-Lichtenberg came into being through the marriage . After the death of the last Lichtenberger, Jakob von Lichtenberg , an uncle of Anna, Philipp I. d. Ä. 1480 half of the Lichtenberg rule. The other half went to his brother-in-law, Simon IV. Wecker von Zweibrücken-Bitsch . The office Lichtenau belonged to the part of Lichtenberg that the descendants of Philipp and Anna inherited.

Early modern age

Count Philip IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg (1514–1590), after taking office in 1538, consistently carried out the Reformation in his county, which now became Lutheran .

As early as 1496, a larger complex of goods was created from the manorial farm. Balthasar Marsteller bought it in 1550, but only 17 years later he had to give it back to the rulers. From 1588 to 1605 it was owned by the Junker Hans Ludwig Zurger von Mutzig. One year after the beginning of the Thirty Years' War , Junker Bertram von Herspach, court master of the Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg, acquired the property complex in 1619, which at that time consisted of a house, farm, farmstead, fields and an oxbow lake , the "Wog", for 9,000 guilders . In 1622 Reinhard von Schauenburg sent 35 men to reinforce the "Hanauer-Rheinwache" in Helmlingen. From 1634 to 1635 the population had to flee to the Rhine islands. In the following two years, the plague also raged in Hanauerland.

22 years after the Thirty Years' War, another 12 farms were deserted by Louis XIV during the predatory wars and the residents had to flee to the Rhine islands or to Strasbourg. After the War of the Palatinate Succession and the withdrawal of the French troops under General Melac , there was only one livable farm in Helmlingen. Ten years later the goods complex was sold to the Wurmser von Vendenheim . The Helmlingers also suffered under the War of the Spanish Succession and had to flee. In 1707, on the orders of the French, 15 men from Helmlingen and Muckenschopf helped with fortification work near Söllingen , roughly across from Fort-Louis . From 1723 the goods complex was owned by Baron Gayling von Altheim . During the First Coalition War , Fürstenberg dragoons and hussars lay under Field Marshal Wurmser in the villages of Hanauerland.

After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , In 1736 the inheritance - and with it the office of Lichtenau with Helmlingen - fell to the son of his only daughter, Charlotte von Hanau-Lichtenberg , Landgrave Ludwig (IX.) Of Hessen-Darmstadt . At least then Helmlingen was administered as part of Lichtenau.

Modern times

With the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , the office and Helmlingen were assigned to the newly formed Electorate of Baden in 1803 . It took over parts of the Gaylingschen Gutshof.

In 1849, Captain Gottfried Feßler, who came from Lichtenau, founded a vigilante group in Helmlingen. In 1882 the largest of the numerous flood disasters took place in Helmlingen, in which several houses were badly damaged and completely torn away.

20th century

In 1940 and 1944 Helmlingen was shelled several times by French artillery . In another artillery attack in 1945, 3 residents were killed, 1 house destroyed and 37 houses more or less damaged.

In 1970, as part of the Baden-Württemberg district reform in 1973, a survey took place in which 67% of those questioned decided to join the Ortenau district.

On October 1, 1974 Helmlingen was incorporated into Freistett. Since January 1st, 1975 the place belongs to the city of Rheinau.

Population development

year 1590 1790 1802 1857 1885 1925 1939 1946 1961 1970 1975 2012
Residents 28 69 307 546 758 816 756 823 849 877 854 881

coat of arms

The coat of arms consists of a golden deer head with silver antlers with a total of ten ends. Before 1902, the coat of arms included a goose foot. The current coat of arms was created because the residents of Helmlingen wanted a new coat of arms with emblems from the coat of arms of Baron Gayling von Altheim , which has such a stag.

Protestant church

religion

In 1552 the "Holy Capell zu Helblingen" was mentioned for the first time. Today's church, built in 1956, belongs to the Protestant parish of Scherzheim / Muckenschopf and Helmlingen. There is always a service there on Sundays.

Economy and Infrastructure

education

There has been a primary school in the village center since 1966. Before that, there was a school opposite the town hall from 1874, which also housed a bathing facility for the villagers.

traffic

Helmlingen is on the K5316, which connects the village with state road 75. In addition, Helmlingen bus routes connect with Achern , Lichtenau (Baden) , Bühl (Baden) , Kehl and the other districts of Rheinau. They serve two bus stops in the village and one in the residential area at the Helmlingen-Muckenschopf train station. The gravel works located in Helmlingen has a ship landing stage to transfer the excavated building materials to the Rhine.

Established businesses

The largest companies in Helmlingen are Zimmer Fruchtsaft, Bickel-Tec GmbH and Staufer Holz GmbH.

sports clubs

nature

The two nature reserves Mittelgrund Helmlingen and Hinterwörth-Laast , as well as the Altrheine Hellwasser , Herrenwasser , Mittelkopf , Rubenkopfkehle and Judenloch are located in the Helmlingen district .

literature

  • Fritz Eyer: The territory of the Lords of Lichtenberg 1202-1480. Investigations into the property, the rule and the politics of domestic power of a noble family from the Upper Rhine . In: Writings of the Erwin von Steinbach Foundation . 2nd edition, unchanged in the text, by an introduction extended reprint of the Strasbourg edition, Rhenus-Verlag, 1938. Volume 10 . Pfaehler, Bad Neustadt an der Saale 1985, ISBN 3-922923-31-3 (268 pages).
  • Nikolaus Honold and Kurt Schütt: Chronicle of the city of Rheinau . 1988.
  • Friedrich Knöpp: Territorial holdings of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Hesse-Darmstadt . [typewritten] Darmstadt 1962. [Available in the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt , signature: N 282/6].

Web links

Commons : Helmlingen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Citizens' Assembly 2017
  2. ↑ Honold et al. Schütt, pp. 29-33.
  3. ↑ Eyer, pp. 99, 239; Knöpp, p. 13.
  4. ↑ Eyer, p. 56.
  5. ↑ Eyer, pp. 79f.
  6. ↑ Honold et al. Schütt, pp. 54-56.
  7. ^ Homepage of the city of Rheinau.
  8. ^ Homepage of the city of Rheinau.
  9. ^ Homepage of the city of Rheinau; Honold et al. Schutt, pp. 343-345.
  10. ↑ Honold et al. Schutt, pp. 343-345.
  11. ↑ Honold et al. Schutt, pp. 343-345.
  12. ↑ Honold et al. Schutt, pp. 343-345.
  13. ↑ Knöpp, p. 13.
  14. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 513 f .
  15. ↑ Honold et al. Schutt, pp. 343-345.
  16. ↑ Honold et al. Schutt, pp. 343-345.
  17. ^ Public institutions - Helmlingen - village in Hanauerland