Söllingen (Rheinmünster)
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Söllingen
Community Rheinmünster
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| Height : | 123 m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 9.34 km² |
| Residents : | 1380 (May 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 148 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st October 1974 |
| Postal code : | 77836 |
| Area code : | 07227 |
 St. Mauritius
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Söllingen is a district of Rheinmünster .
structure
Söllingen grew together from originally three separate districts - Söllingen, Schwarzwasser and Kesseldorf - which were still distinguishable from each other in the 19th century.
history
colonization
Although the part of the settlement on the Rhine - high bank in the southeast does not appear in a document as "Selingen" until 1291, based on the burial mounds discovered in Söllingen, one can assume that the first settlement took place much earlier. When the grave of a princely woman was opened in 1881, grave goods made of bronze , amber and gold were found which were dated to the Hallstatt period (around 6th century BC).
Location on the Rhine
The location of Söllingen in an old curve of the Rhine and right on the edge of the flood zone influenced the development of the place. The Rhine brought damage from floods and floods in equal measure, as well as benefits, such as from shipping. The correction of the Rhine changed the landscape as well as the ownership structure on and above the Rhine. The expansion of the Rhine with the Iffezheim barrage brought considerable changes in the 20th century . In 2005, the Söllingen / Greffern polder went into operation, serving to protect areas downstream from flooding.
Noble property
In the 13th century, Söllingen belonged to the knight Eberlin von Windeck, together with the town of Stollhofen and the village of Hügelsheim . He sold his property in 1309 to Margrave Rudolf von Baden . Until 1790 Söllingen belonged politically to the Baden office of Stollhofen, then it was assigned to the office of Rastatt .
In the 13th and 14th centuries, a Eberstein- Baden lower nobility family called von Sellingen often appears in the documents . This noble von Söllingen family , a branch of the von Stadelhoven family , had already sold their property in the middle of the 14th century and had moved to Strasbourg .
Tribute obligation
The Schwarzach Monastery was able to claim some of the rights that have been handed down as a " Bannwaldgenosse ". In addition to these forest rights, the Baden subjects of Söllingen were obliged to pay various taxes to the monastery.
Since the early 14th century, the Margrave of Baden owned an imperial customs post on the Rhine, with several noble families participating in its income. At the beginning of the 16th century, the Hügelsheim customs station was one of the margravate's institutions to be maintained jointly by the communities of Söllingen and Hügelsheim. In the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803 the Rhine tolls were lifted, which also meant the final end of the Söllingen / Hügelsheim customs station.
church
The oldest ecclesiastical records of St. Mauritius ' own chapel and chaplaincy , whose attributes, palm branch and sword, are included in the municipal coat of arms, begin in the 14th century. A close relationship with the mother parish of Stollhofen still existed. The oldest chapel, remembered by an inscription stone, was probably in today's Rheinstrasse. After 1660 a new choir tower church was built on today's church square. In 1805 an independent parish could be established thanks to the help of the “electoral highness ”. Finally, in 1842 the foundation stone was laid for today's church, designed by Johann Ludwig Weinbrenner .
Wars
While the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War had already caused great devastation, the Dutch War (1672–1678) began a time of terrible hardships and fears. Soldiers almost completely devastated the place. Söllingen was immediately caught up in the tension between military conflicts when construction of the Fort Louis fortress began on an opposite island on the Rhine in 1687 . On Baden territory, on the Barrage-Grund belonging to the Söllingen district, a bridgehead , the Marquisat's outer fort , was built to protect Fort Louis , but its fortification had to be demolished in accordance with the Treaty of Rijswijk in 1697.
In the Palatinate War of Succession (1688–1697), Söllingen went up in flames at the end of August 1689. The land on the Upper Rhine was systematically destroyed and burned under the French marshals Mélac and Choiseul . The French army burned so much that the inhabitants hid on the Rhine islands.
Söllingen suffered a lot in both the War of the Spanish Succession and the War of Polish Succession because of its location on the Rhine and across from Fort Louis . As the northernmost structure of the Bühl - Stollhofen line , a ski jump , the Contre Escarpe , was built in Söllingen as a counter-fortress to France .
At the beginning of the 1790s, the place was again a staging area. It was from here that a major part of the storm of cannonades on Fort Louis took place in 1793 .
Söllingen played an important role again in 1814 when the allied troops crossed the Rhine here; Russenstrasse still commemorates this event today .
20th century
1952 was NATO - military airfield on Hill Heimer and (mostly) Söllinger built district. Originally intended for the French armed forces , soldiers of the Royal Canadian Air Force were stationed from 1953 to 1993 . A starfighter set up near the Rheingoldhalle commemorates the mission of the military units that were withdrawn after the end of the “ Cold War ”.
On October 1, 1974, the independent municipality of Söllingen ( Rastatt district ) was merged with the neighboring villages of Schwarzach, Stollhofen and Greffern (all of the Bühl district at that time ) to form the new municipality of Rheinmünster.
In 1995 the airfield was reopened as a civil airport in Karlsruhe / Baden-Baden .
politics
Mayor (until 1974)
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Mayor (from 1974)
- 1974 Gustav Haungs
- 1975 Franz Leonhard
- 1980 Hans Fischer
- 2003 Konrad Braun
- since 2014 Franz Leonhard II.
Local council
Söllingen has a local council as the remainder of its former independence . This currently consists of seven members, including six CDU local councils and one SPD local council (as of 2019).
Economy and Infrastructure
Due to its location on the Rhine, the Söllinger traditionally lived from fishing, shipping and also gold panning in the past . With the straightening of the Rhine, however, agriculture increasingly prevailed. In addition to various types of grain, asparagus and Jerusalem artichoke are particularly widespread . Michael Schmitt from Handschuhsheim (near Heidelberg) brought the first asparagus plants to Söllingen as early as 1885 and thus laid the foundation for the local growing areas of the noble vegetables.
The Baden Airpark and its industrial zone are largely also on the district Söllingens.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 501 .