Iffezheim barrage
The Iffezheim barrage is a barrage of the Upper Rhine , which reduces the flow speed of the river , which has been increased due to previous straightening of the Rhine , and at the same time serves to generate electrical energy. It is located at Rhine kilometer 334 between the municipalities of Iffezheim in Baden and Roppenheim in Alsace and consists of a weir , a lock , a run-of-river power station and a fish passage . The structure is crossed by the federal road 500 or the department road D 4. The structure on the border was planned and built together with the Gambsheim barrage in Franco-German cooperation.
history
In 1840, the Grand Duchy of Baden and France signed an agreement to regulate the Rhine after Tulla . The Alsatian engineer Koechlin made an advance in 1902 to use the hydropower of the Rhine. In 1928 the expansion of the Rhine began with the Grand Canal d'Alsace and the first four power plants (Kembs to Vogelgrün), four more barrages in the so-called loop solution (Marckolsheim to Strasbourg) followed in 1959. In 1969, a Franco-German contract was signed to build the Barrages at Gambsheim and Iffezheim closed. Construction of the Iffezheim barrage began in 1974. In 1977 the power plant, sluice and weir were put into operation.
A contract to build the fish passes in Iffezheim and Gambsheim was signed in 1997. The fish passage in Iffezheim was put into operation in 2000, the one in Gambsheim in 2006. In 2009 the construction of the 5th turbine in Iffezheim began. At the end of 2011, the water law permit for the installation of a 5th turbine in the Gambsheim Rhine power station was granted. This will increase the power plant output to 1420 m³ / s. The additional turbine must go into operation by December 31, 2016.
Weir
The weir system of the barrage in Iffezheim is on the French side of the Rhine, which means that the entire barrage is roughly the mirror image of the next higher Gambsheim barrage . It consists of six weir fields, each 20 m wide. A weir field consists of a hydraulically operated flap and a chain-driven pressure segment. The weir ensures the water flow of the Rhine with water flows that are larger than the capacity of the power plant. The entire system is designed for a maximum water flow of 7500 m³ / s.
power plant
Locks
The double lock consists of two lock chambers, each 270 meters long and 24 meters wide; the difference in height between the upper and lower water is around 12.5 meters at low water. They are one of the largest inland locks in Europe. The locks were put into operation on March 14, 1977. They work 24 hours a day in three shifts and are maintained and looked after by the Freiburg Waterways and Shipping Office . Every year between 25,700 (2008) and 40,600 (1990) ships with approx. 24.4 (2009) to 30.9 (2000) million tons of goods pass through the locks in freight and cargo traffic.
On April 30, 1993, the dam between Iffezheim and Gambsheim ran empty due to damage to the suspension of the upper eastern weir gate. The Iffezheim dam was then lowered as planned in order to be able to set the inspection lock. Shipping had to be suspended for several days.
In 2016, concrete damage to the head of the left ventricle that had previously required the left ventricle to be shut down for almost a year was repaired.
DGPS transmitter
The Iffezheim lock is the location of a DGPS transmitter operated on the frequency 293.5 kHz .
Fish pass
In 1987 the International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine (ICPR) set up a program of measures which, among other things, aims to reintroduce salmon in the Rhine. One of the projects for this purpose was the construction of the fish passages in Iffezheim and Gambsheim, which was agreed with the contract of March 4, 1997. The canal, which is modeled on a torrent, consists of 37 individual basins lying one behind the other with a water depth of 1.5 m and a total length of 300 m. The Iffezheim fish passage was inaugurated in 2000, and Gambsheim opened in 2006.
The construction of the fish passage in Iffezheim was financed by the two states of France and Germany as well as RKI GmbH. In connection with the fish pass, the machine 6 was put into operation as a so-called lure current turbine. It is a Kaplan machine with a 1.05 MW asynchronous generator.
The fish passage built afterwards in Gambsheim underwent some constructive changes based on the experience in Iffezheim.
Web links
- WFBW Wanderfische Baden-Württemberg gGmbH: Information on the Iffezheim fish pass, current fish counts
- Iffezheim Rhine power plant at EnBW
Individual evidence
- ↑ Traffic information for the Iffezheim lock, ELWIS electronic waterway information system ( memento of the original from June 13, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Freiburg Waterways and Shipping Office ( Memento of the original from July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Christian Tritschler: No more frictional losses at the Rhine lock Iffezheim . In: Die Wasserstraßen- und Schifffahrtsverwaltung 2016 , Bonn 2016, without ISBN, pp. 64–66
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The next bridge upstream: Rheinau-Gambsheim barrage |
Bridges over the Rhine |
The next bridge downstream: the Rhine bridge in Wintersdorf |
Coordinates: 48 ° 49 ′ 57.8 " N , 8 ° 6 ′ 38.4" E