Édouard François André

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Édouard François André
The garden parterre of Schloss Ebenrain designed by André ; Original steel engraving, published in 1879 in L'art des jardins
The Jardins de la Petite Afrique in Monte-Carlo , created by Édouard André in 1881

Édouard François André (born July 17, 1840 in Bourges , France , † October 25, 1911 in La Croix , France) was a French gardener , garden designer and botanist . He is considered one of the leading gardeners and garden designers of the 19th century. Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " André ".

Life

André grew up in Angers (France) as the son of a gardener and developed a keen sense for plants very early on. After spending a year at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris , he was appointed head gardener (Jardinier principal) of the city of Paris in 1860 at the age of 20, a position he held until 1868. During this time he designed many of the public facilities, parks and boulevards and significantly shaped the modern cityscape with facilities such as the Parc des Buttes-Chaumont , on which Gustave Eiffel also participated. After he had made as a landscape gardener a name, he won in 1866 an international tender for the design of Sefton Park in Liverpool ( England ), a project on which he worked for five years. He designed numerous other parks in Europe in Russia, Austria, the Netherlands, Denmark, and Switzerland. The best known are the Holy Spirit Citadel of Luxembourg with its terraced gardens and promenades, the gardens of Funchal in Madeira , the Villa Borghese in Italy and the public parks of Monte Carlo . Together with his son, André designed the park from 1895 to 1897 at the palace of Count Feliks Tyszkiewicz in the Lithuanian seaside resort of Palanga , which was built according to plans by the German architect Franz Heinrich Schwechten in the neo-renaissance style . the park is now a botanical garden, the Palanga Amber Museum is housed in the palace .

André was also very active as a botanist and horticulturist and was particularly well known in the field of bromeliad research . In 1875 the French government sent him on an exploration expedition into the North Andes of South America. Besides Colombia , his main destination was Ecuador . From this trip he brought back over 3,400 plants, including a small, narrow-leaved tillandsia , which Edouard Morren published in his honor as Tillandsia andreana in 1888 . His travel report was reprinted in 1983.

After his return he devoted himself entirely to studying plants. He ran an experimental nursery on his country estate and wrote various monographs specifically on bromeliads . From 1870 to 1880 he was editor of the Revûe Horticôle and wrote many articles for L'Illustration Horticôle . In 1890 his last Latin American trip took him to Uruguay .

In 1892 he was appointed professor of horticulture and landscaping at the Ecole Nationale d'Horticulture (the national horticultural college) in Versailles in his honor , and he was appointed its first professor. Awarded an officer of the French Legion of Honor and the Belgian Order of the Leopold , he was also a member of the Royal Horticultural Society of London.

Honors

Mez named the bromeliad genus Andrea after him in 1896 with the following words:

"Dicatum cl. Éd. André, Parisiensi, bromeliographo sagacissimo. "

"Dedicated to the illustrious and wisest of all bromeliad authors, Édouard André from Paris"

- Carl Christian Mez

The genus Andrea was initially set to the genus Nidularium and is now drafted to Canistropsis .

Fonts

  • Bromeliaceae Andreanae. Description et Histoire des Bromeliacées, récoltées dans la Colombie, l'Ecuador et la Venezuela . Paris: Librairie Agricole, 1889. Reprint: Berkley CA, USA: Big Bridge Press, 1983
  • L 'art des jardins: traité général de la composition des parcs et jardins . Paris: Masson, 1879. Reprint: Marseille: Lafitte Reprints, 1983, ISBN 2-7348-0127-2

literature

  • Florence André ´ (ed.): Edouard André: (1840-1911); un paysagiste botaniste sur les chemins du monde . Paris: Ed. de l'Imprimeur, 2001, ISBN 2-910735-35-4

Web links

Commons : Édouard André  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

swell

personal data
SURNAME André, Édouard François
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French gardener, garden designer and botanist
DATE OF BIRTH July 17, 1840
PLACE OF BIRTH Bourges
DATE OF DEATH October 25, 1911
Place of death La Croix-en-Touraine , France