Karl Immermann

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Karl Immermann, drawing by Carl Friedrich Lessing , 1837
Karl Immermann
Bronze statue Karl Immermann by Clemens Buscher , 1940 Installation of the statue in the Hofgarten, Goltsteinstrasse, Düsseldorf

Karl Leberecht Immermann (born April 24, 1796 in Magdeburg , † August 25, 1840 in Düsseldorf ) was a German writer, poet and playwright.

Life

Karl Immermann was the son of war and domain councilor Gottlieb Leberecht Immermann. From 1807 to 1813 he attended the pedagogy of the monastery “Our Dear Women” in Magdeburg . Then he studied from 1813 to 1817 at the University of Halle-Wittenberg Jura and took in 1815 while studying as a volunteer at the war against Napoleon Bonaparte in part.

Immermann first became literary active in 1817 when he polemically attacked the striking connection " Teutonia " in Halle in connection with student disputes up to and including the Prussian throne. His writing “Ein Wort zur Beherzigung” (1817), which was created in this context, was a victim of book burning at the Wartburg Festival .

Immermann then went through a legal career, first as an auscultator in Oschersleben (1818), then as a trainee lawyer in Magdeburg (1819), lecturer auditor, d. H. Lawyer at a military court in Münster (1819–24), criminal judge in Magdeburg (1824–27) and finally as district judge in Düsseldorf (1827–40).

In 1825 Immermann was accepted into the Masonic lodge “Ferdinand zur Glückseligkeit” in Magdeburg.

He began his work as a writer in Münster. In the footsteps of Sophocles , William Shakespeare , Friedrich Schiller and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , he wrote tragedies ( Das Thal von Ronceval , Edwin , Petrarca ; all 1822) and comedies ( Die Prinzen von Syracus (1821), Das Auge der Liebe (1824) ) as well as prose texts. During this time, Immermann made first contacts with other authors (including Heinrich Heine , Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Ludwig Tieck , Friedrich von Uechtritz , Caroline de la Motte Fouqué , Rahel Varnhagen von Ense ). During this time, Immermann's encounter with Elisa von Lützow (born von Ahlefeldt-Laurwig , 1788–1855), who divorced her husband Adolf von Lützow in 1825 and followed Immermann to Magdeburg and Düsseldorf, where she and him there on the Collenbach'schen Gut lived in Pempelfort .

In Düsseldorf Immermann was friends with Wilhelm Schadow and the artists of the art academy and further developed his inclinations for the fine arts. He made particular merits as the director of the Düsseldorf City Theater (1834–37), whose artistic concept developed by Immermann was widely imitated in Germany (so-called “Immermann's model stage”). Here he was in contrast to his predecessor Josef Derossi , who was more concerned with tradition and safety , who built up the theater and even promoted Immermann at first, but later became his worst opponent. Nevertheless, Immermann also failed because of the tight finances and had to hand the management back to Derossi in 1837.

Immermann was in contact with many other authors in Düsseldorf, including Michael Beer , Christian Dietrich Grabbe , Karl Gutzkow , Heinrich Laube and Ferdinand Freiligrath . But it also developed disputes, u. a. with Hermann von Pückler-Muskau and August von Platen , whose ridicule in the Romantic Oedipus (1829) Immermann replied in the same year with the pasquill "The Cavalier tumbling around in the maze of metrics" (title alluding to Johann Gottfried Schnabel's Der im Maze der Liebe staggering Cavalier ). All in all, Immermann played a versatile mediating role in the literary business of the time, as can be seen from his diaries and letters.

Immermann died on August 25, 1840 after a short illness in the house on Ratinger Strasse 45. He was buried in the Golzheimer Friedhof in Düsseldorf. His estate is in the Goethe and Schiller Archives in Weimar, in the Heinrich Heine Institute in Düsseldorf and in the Dortmund City and State Library .

In Magdeburg, the Immermann Society looks after the poet's work. The city of Düsseldorf awards the Immermann Prize .

family

Karl Immermann married Wilhelmine Marianne Niemeyer (September 8, 1819 - February 17, 1886) in 1839 , she was the daughter of the Magdeburg doctor Carl Eduard Niemeyer (April 13, 1792 - December 13, 1837). Her sister Antonie Gabriele Charlotte (1824-1893) was married to the painter Wilhelm Camphausen . Karl Immermann died shortly after the birth of his daughter Caroline (* August 12, 1840, † April 2, 1909), who later married the politician Friedrich Heinrich Geffcken . His widow married the merchant and director of the Berlin-Hamburg railway company Julius Guido Wolff (born August 11, 1803, † May 14, 1880 Hamburg) at the end of 1847 .

Works

Tristan and Kadin, secretly watching Isolde on their ride , illustration by Wilhelm Camphausen to Immermann's Tristan und Isolde , 1843

For digital copies of Immermann's works, see the page on Wikisource .

Honors and monuments

  • 1868 A marble plaque with the poet's life data is attached to the house where he died in Düsseldorf
  • 1901 Installation of a 500 kg bronze statue in the front niche of the Düsseldorf City Theater (removed by the National Socialists in 1936)
  • On July 3, 1927, a memorial plaque with a relief image was ceremoniously unveiled at his birthplace at 18 Große Klosterstrasse in Magdeburg .
  • Twenty-four years earlier, friends and patrons of the poet erected a statue in front of the Düsseldorf City Theater based on a design by the sculptor Clemens Buscher . The monument should only be allowed to stand for a few years. The statue was destroyed during World War II.
  • 1940 The Immermann bronze statue is erected in the courtyard garden on Goltsteinstrasse in Düsseldorf
  • 1962 installation of a bust in the Düsseldorfer Schauspielhaus
  • Naming of a street in Cologne's Lindenthal district in honor of Immermann and in Magdeburg in the Stadtfeld Ost district.

literature

  • Dieter Baacke : The romantic-allegorical drama and Immermann's “Merlin” . Göttingen 1963, DNB 481907106 (Dissertation University of Göttingen, Philosophical Faculty, March 28, 1963, 387 pages).
  • Karl Immermann: Letters in three volumes. Volume III, edited by Peter Hasubek and Marianne Kreutzer . Hanser, Munich 1987, ISBN 3-446-12446-2 , p. 765 ff.
  • Harry Maync : Immermann. The man and his work in the context of contemporary and literary history. With a portrait of the poet . Beck, Munich 1921
  • Joseph Risse: Karl Lebrecht Immermann . In: Central German Life Pictures. Volume 1: Pictures of the 19th Century. Magdeburg 1926, pp. 142–152.
  • Peter Hasubek: Karl Leberecht Immermann. A poet between romanticism and realism . Böhlau, Cologne 1996, ISBN 3-412-17095-X .
  • Peter Hasubek: Immermann, Carl Leberecht. In: Guido Heinrich, Gunter Schandera (ed.): Magdeburg Biographical Lexicon 19th and 20th centuries. Biographical lexicon for the state capital Magdeburg and the districts of Bördekreis, Jerichower Land, Ohrekreis and Schönebeck. Scriptum, Magdeburg 2002, ISBN 3-933046-49-1 , p. 324 f.
  • Peter Hasubek: Carl Leberecht Immermann: a biography , Peter Lang Edition, Frankfurt am Main, Bern, Vienna, 2017, ISBN 978-3-631-71941-1
  • Immermann, Karl Leberecht . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, pp. 57-63.
  • Benno von Wiese :  Immermann, Karl. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1974, ISBN 3-428-00191-5 , pp. 159-163 ( digitized version ).
  • Eugen Lennhoff, Oskar Posner, Dieter A. Binder: Internationales Freemaurerlexikon. Munich 2003, ISBN 3-7766-2161-3 .
  • Liselotte Folkerts: Karl Leberecht Immermann. Its connections to Munster and the rest of Westphalia. Münster 2005, ISBN 3-00-015656-9 .
  • Wulf Wülfing: "German unsurpassable good-naturedness". On the rhetoric of Karl Immermann's "Tulipantchen" . In: Bernd Füllner, Karin Füllner (Ed.): From summer dreams and winter fairy tales. Versepen in the pre-march . (Vormärz Studies XII). Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2007, ISBN 978-3-89528-593-6 , pp. 91-127.
  • Ulrich Hauer : The epigones. Criminal investigations into the real background of the epoch novel by Carl Leberecht Immermann . Haldensleben-Hundisburg 2008, DNB 989089320 .

Web links

Wikisource: Karl Leberecht Immermann  - Sources and full texts
Wikiquote: Carl Leberecht Immermann  - Quotes
Commons : Carl Leberecht Immermann  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ See details: Book burning at the Wartburg Festival in 1817
  2. ^ Karl Immermann: Memorabilia . Winkler, Munich 1966, pp. 166-167.
  3. ^ Adolf Kröner : A German model stage . In: The Gazebo . Issue 27, 1888, pp. 466, 477 ( full text [ Wikisource ]).
  4. ↑ August Hofacker (Ed.): New illustrated guide through Düsseldorf and the surrounding area for locals and foreigners , Hermann Michels Verlag, Düsseldorf 1898
  5. ↑ A short description of the novel and a link to the text can be found in the ZUM Wiki article "The Epigones"
  6. ↑ Brief information, links and characteristic text excerpts can be found in the ZUM-Wiki article Münchhausen. A story in arabesques
  7. ↑ Full text at Projekt Gutenberg
  8. ^ Konrad Adenauer, Volker Gröbe: Streets and squares in Lindenthal . JP Bachem, Cologne 1992, ISBN 3-7616-1018-1 , p. 78 f.
  9. ↑ books.google.de
personal data
SURNAME Immermann, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Immermann, Carl Leberecht; Immermann, Karl Leberecht
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer, lyric poet and playwright
DATE OF BIRTH April 24, 1796
PLACE OF BIRTH Magdeburg
DATE OF DEATH August 25, 1840
Place of death Dusseldorf