Elisa von Ahlefeldt

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Elisa von Lützow b. Countess von Ahlefeldt (1788–1855)

Elisa Davidia Margarethe Countess von Ahlefeldt (born November 17, 1788 at Tranekær Castle on the Danish island of Langeland ; †  March 20,  1855 in Berlin ) was a German-Danish writer, salonnière and wife of the Prussian major general and hero of the Wars of Liberation, Adolf von Lützow ( 1782-1834).

Life

Elisa von Ahlefeldt was the only surviving child of Count Friedrich von Ahlefeldt -Laurvigen. She enjoyed an excellent upbringing, but did not have a happy childhood and youth. Domestic rifts, mostly caused by wastefulness and debauchery on the part of the father, separated the parents' marriage. In 1806 she was morganatically married to the Danish Crown Prince Christian (later Christian VIII ) and gave birth to a daughter in 1807. This first short, happy marriage, which was concluded against the will of the father, was kept secret and the child was kept away from Denmark.

With a swimming trip to Bad Nenndorf with her mother she met the Prussian officer Adolf von Lutzow , the there of wounds from fighting the Freischar Ferdinand von Schill against Napoleon cured. She did not marry him on March 20, 1810 without the resistance of her father, which was difficult to overcome. The marriage was initially happy as long as the love of the country united both of them in common activity. When Lützow set up his volunteer corps in 1813 , Elisa played a decisive role in it. She was enthusiastic about the recruitment and equipment of the volunteers, accepted the reports in Breslau and later devoted herself to the wounded. Theodor Körner , Friedrich Friesen and Friedrich von Petersdorff were among her most loyal friends at the time. She had a close friendship with Friedrich Friesen and in 1843 she played a key role in ensuring that he was solemnly buried 29 years after his death in Berlin's Invalidenfriedhof . In the battles she stayed close to the corps, helping and caring (especially her often wounded husband), sharing all the efforts.

Love relationship with Immermann

After the peace she lived in Berlin , Königsberg and Münster (from 1817), where Lützow was garrisoned. There she met the young Carl Leberecht Immermann (1796-1840) in 1822 . Through shared literary and artistic inclinations, a close love relationship developed between them, which determined their lives for 17 years from the spring of 1822.

To gain distance, Immermann was transferred to Magdeburg in 1824 . However, Elisa separated from her husband, who had meanwhile become a general, and moved to Dresden. In 1825 her marriage to Lützow was divorced; However, she refused to marry Immermann, but followed him first to Magdeburg, then to Düsseldorf and ran a household with him in a country house, the Collenbach'schen Gut on Ratinger Chaussee in the nearby "Derendorf" (today Pempelfort ), where she visited her ex-husband General von Lützow in May 1829 to complain about his suffering over his new, but unhappy marriage to Auguste Uebel. From 1831 on - with the permission of the Danish king - she again had her maiden name. From 1827 to 1839 she supported Immermann's literary work after the beginning of a joint translation of Walter Scott's “ Ivanhoe ” in Münster . It had a very beneficial effect on Immermann's poetic activity and gained great influence on his poetic work.

After Immermann's engagement to Marianne Niemeyer (1838), she left Düsseldorf and finally separated from him in August 1839. At the beginning of 1840 she went to Berlin, where she initially lived with her friend Johanna Dieffenbach , devoted herself to her new and old circle of friends and remained on friendly terms with his wife and daughter even after Immermann's untimely death.

After a long period of suffering, Elisa von Ahlefeldt died in Berlin in 1855 at the age of 66. Her grave, which has not been preserved, was in one of the cemeteries in front of Hallesches Tor . It is not known exactly which one.

salon

Her salon in Berlin existed from 1840 to 1855, also known as “Sundays”. It was located at Potsdamer Chaussee 38 from 1840 to 1846, then at Schulgartenstrasse 1a (today's Ebertstrasse ) from 1846 and in the 1850s at Dessauer Strasse 7.

Former members of the Lützow Freikorps and other family members of her divorced husband's family, to whom she was still in contact even after her divorce, visited this salon.

It was also common to associate with other salons. Elisa Countess von Ahlefeld was in contact with those of Ludmilla Assing , Clara Mundt-Mühlbach and Fanny Lewald and they visited each other.

Her guests were: Rudolf von Auerswald (politician), Therese von Bacheracht (writer), Karl Isidor Beck (poet), Louis Blanc (painter), Eduard von Bülow (writer), Peter von Cornelius (painter), Johanna Dieffenbach, Katharina Dietz (her friend), Rudolf von Gottschall (writer), Alexander von Humboldt (natural scientist), Karl Christoph von Kamptz (Prussian Minister of Justice), Adolf Friedrich von Krummacher (theologian), Gustav Kühne (writer), Heinrich Laube (writer), Caroline Lauska (painter), Fanny Lewald (writer, salon), Theodor Mundt (writer), Clara Mundt-Mühlbach (writer, salon), Henriette Paalzow (writer, salon), Emil Paleske (actor, writer) with wife, Leo von Palm (general and companion of Lützow), Betty Paoli (writer), Friedrich von Petersdorff (general and companion of Lützow), Gustav zu Putlitz ( pleasure game director), Christian Rauch (sculptor), Friedrich von Raumer (professor for Gesc hichte), Max Ring (physician, writer), Hermann Sübers (writer), Eduard Schnaase (art historian), Adolf Stahr (philologist, writer), Henrik Steffens (natural philosopher), Theodor Stein (architect), Ludwig Tieck (poet), Karl August Varnhagen van Ense (writer), Wilhelm Wach (painter), Feodor Wehl (writer, poet), Wilhelm Zahn (professor).

literature

  • Ludmilla Assing : Countess Elisa von Ahlefeldt, the wife of Adolph von Lützow, the friend of Karl Immermann , a biography. Along with letters from Karl Immermann, [Anton Wilhelm] Möller and Henriette Paalzow. Berlin 1857. Digitized by the Central and State Library Berlin, 2013. URN urn: nbn: de: kobv: 109-1-9109450
  • Richard Kühn: Elise von Lützow and Lützow's Wild Hunt , Dresden 1934 (Reissner)
  • Gisbert zu Putlitz:  Ahlefeldt-Laurwig, Elise Davidia Countess of . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 160 f.
  • Elisabeth Grube: Countess Ahlefeldt and Karl Immermann , in: Düsseldorfer Zeitung 1855, no. 125–129, features section
  • LF Ahlefeldt: Elise Ahlefeldt's history . Copenhagen 1923.
  • W. Deetjen: Countess Elisa von Ahlefeldt , in: Westermanns Monatshefte 66, 1922, pp. 110–112
  • F. von Hohenhausen (d. I. Elise Rüdiger): Famous lovers. With several portrait engravings . Berlin 1919, pp. 182-200: Karl Immermann and Countess von Ahlefeldt
  • CM. Zimmermann: A relationship full of passion: Karl Leberecht Immermann and Elisa v. Lützow , in: Das Tor 51, 1985, pp. 12-18.
  • Walter Kunze:  Ahlefeldt-Laurwig, Elise Davidia Margarete Countess of. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 110 ( digitized version ).
  • Günter de Bruyn : Countess Elisa . Frankfurt, M.: S. Fischer, 2012
  • Heike Steinhorst: Ahlefeldt, Elise Davidia Margarethe Countess von, divorced von Lützow . In: Eva Labouvie (Ed.): Women in Saxony-Anhalt . 2 A biographical-bibliographical lexicon from the 19th century to 1945. Böhlau, Köln u. a. 2019, ISBN 978-3-412-51145-6 , pp. 42-45 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Irene Markowitz , Anja Zimmermann: Karl Leberecht Immermann and the Collenbach'sche Gut . In: Wieland Koenig (City Museum of the State Capital Düsseldorf): Düsseldorfer Gartenlust . Exhibition catalog, Düsseldorf 1987, p. 50 ff.
  2. ^ The former Freischarenführer v. Lützow in Münster and his circle 1817–1830 . In: Journal for patriotic history and antiquity. Seventy-eighth volume, Regenberg'sche Buchhandlung Verlag, Münster 1900, p. 212 f.
  3. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places . Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 , p. 218.
  4. ^ Petra Wilhelmy: The Berlin Salon in the 19th Century  : (1780-1914). Dissertation, Münster / Westf., 1987
personal data
SURNAME Ahlefeldt, Elisa von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ahlefeldt, Elisa Davidia Margarethe Countess von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German nobles and participants in the Lützow hunt
DATE OF BIRTH November 17, 1788
PLACE OF BIRTH Tranekær Municipality
DATE OF DEATH March 20, 1855
Place of death Berlin