Joseph von Utzschneider
Joseph Utzschneider , from 1808 by Utzschneider , (* March 2, 1763 in Rieden am Staffelsee ; † January 31, 1840 in Munich ) was an extremely influential technician and entrepreneur for the development of Bavaria at the beginning of the 19th century .
As a senior Bavarian civil servant, he was the saltworks administrator in Berchtesgaden . In addition, he founded a number of companies, including an art glassworks and the Mathematical-Precision Mechanical Institute, which has existed since 1809 and was managed by Josef von Fraunhofer as a partner, as the basis for the creation of precision instruments and astronomical telescopes, from which the Optical Institute in Munich emerged. As a board member of the predecessor institution of the Technical University of Munich , he played a significant role in its expansion. The Bavarian land register also goes back to him.
From 1818 to 1823 he was mayor of Munich and after the constitution of 1818 a member of the Bavarian state parliament. The son of a farmer was ennobled for his services in 1808.
Life
After graduating from high school in 1778 at the (today's) Wilhelmsgymnasium in Munich , Utzschneider studied in Munich and Ingolstadt and in 1784 became a Bavarian Chamberlain . He then became the administrator of the Bavarian salt pans in the prince provost of Berchtesgaden and in 1799 a secret trainee lawyer for rural affairs in the finance department . His improvement plans, however, displeased a large number of the estates, so that Utzschneider was put up for disposal in 1801 (at the age of only 38) under the baseless accusation that he was at the head of the party of the revolution .
He now set up a leather factory in Munich and in 1804 with Georg Friedrich von Reichenbach and Joseph Liebherr (1767-1840) also the Mathematical-Precision Mechanical Institute , to which the art glassworks he set up in Benediktbeuern supplied the necessary crown and flint glass . After employing the young Josef von Fraunhofer in his institute in 1809, the latter became the world-famous Optical Institute, which supplied telescopes and other instruments to almost all of Europe.
In the meantime Utzschneider had returned to the civil service in 1807 as general salt works administrator and secret financial trainee. Under his direction, the building of the saltworks at Rosenheim with the brine pipeline from Reichenhall was carried out, and through his influence in 1809, in addition to the saltworks in Berchtesgaden , that at Hallein was also transferred to Bavarian administration. The foundation for the parcel cadastre was also laid under his leadership in Bavaria . In 1811 he became a director of the State Debt Amortization Agency, but left the civil service again in 1814 and built a brewery and a cloth factory in the building that is now Café Luitpold . From 1818 to 1823 he was the second mayor of Munich. In 1818 he was made an honorary member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . In 1835 he became director of the Munich polytechnic central school, which was established in 1827 and which was to become the Munich Technical University at the end of the 19th century .
Joseph von Utzschneider died on January 31, 1840 in Munich as a result of a carriage accident on Giesinger Berg .
tomb
The tomb of Joseph Utzschneider is on the old southern cemetery in Munich (Old Arkadenplatz 32 at cemetery 23) location . The grave was originally adorned with a bust of Utzschneider, which Johann von Halbig had designed. His wife Amalie v. Utzschneider born Walch (October 15, 1758 - March 19, 1842)
literature
- Monthly journal for construction and land beautification. 1/1821
- Utzschneider, Joseph von. In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon. 1888. online [1]
- Karl Maximilian von Bauernfeind : Utzschneider, Josef von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 39, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1895, pp. 420-440.
- Ilse Mackenthun: Joseph von Utzschneider. His life, his work, his time. Dissertation . Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 1958.
- Hans-Peter Sang: Joseph von Utzschneider. His life and work . Dissertation. Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 1985.
- Juliane von Åkerman: Joseph von Utzschneider. In: Jürgen Wurst, Alexander Langheiter (Ed.): Monachia. Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-88645-156-9 , p. 152.
- Ivo Schneider : Joseph von Utzschneider - vision and reality of a new Bavaria ( contributions to the history of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences 3). Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-7917-2630-4 ( digitized version ).
Web links
- Video at ARD-Alpha, 16 min. (Online until April 13, 2022) Stories of great spirits: A look at the stars Georg Friedrich von Reichenbach, Josef von Fraunhofer and Joseph von Utzschneider discuss on a stage in the old southern cemetery.
Individual evidence
- ^ Max Leitschuh: The matriculations of the upper classes of the Wilhelmsgymnasium in Munich. 4 volumes. Volume 3, Munich 1970–1976, p. 160.
- ^ Chronicle - Luitpoldblock Munich. Retrieved August 11, 2018 .
- ↑ cf. Art and Memoria, The Old Southern Cemetery in Munich, Claudia Denk, John Ziesemer, 2014, p. 287
- ↑ cf. Art and Memoria, The Old Southern Cemetery in Munich, Claudia Denk, John Ziesemer, 2014, pp. 286/287
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Utzschneider, Joseph von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Utzschneider, Joseph |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German technician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 2, 1763 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rieden ( Seehausen am Staffelsee ) |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 31, 1840 |
| Place of death | Munich |