Sophie Albrecht

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Copper engraving by Christian Gottlieb Geyser after Anton Graff

Johanna Sophie Dorothea Albrecht , also Sophia Albrecht , née Sophie Baumer (* in December 1756 near Erfurt , baptized December 6, 1756 in the Protestant Church of St. Bonifatius in Sömmerda ; † November 16, 1840 in Hamburg ) was a German writer and actress .

Life

Youth, Marriage and Travel

Sophie Albrecht was the daughter of the Erfurt medical professor Johann Paul Baumer, the younger brother of Johann Wilhelm Baumer , and was largely related to Christoph Martin Wieland . When Sophie Albrecht's father died unexpectedly in 1771, she married Johann Friedrich Ernst Albrecht , a student of her father, at the age of 15, before the usual year of mourning was over . The couple had two children, a daughter Dorothea Johanna Charlotte Albrecht (1773–1839) and a son Carl Sigmund Wilhelm Albrecht (1774–1845).

In 1772 her husband finished his medical studies and started teaching at the University of Erfurt , but also worked as a writer. In 1776 Sophie Albrecht accompanied him to Reval , where he accepted a position as personal physician to Count Karl Reinhold von Manteuffel . During this four-year stay, Sophie Albrecht made several trips through Russia , including Moscow and Saint Petersburg , either alone or with her husband . In 1780 the couple returned to Erfurt.

actress

Sophie Albrecht joined a theater troupe under the direction of Gustav Friedrich Großmann , who promoted her and gave her an engagement at the theater in Frankfurt am Main . When she made her debut there with great success in the role of Lanassa , Friedrich Schiller was among the admirers. A close friendship developed between Schiller and the Albrecht couple. He spent the summer of 1785 with them in Leipzig .

In 1785, Sophie Albrecht was signed by Pasquale Bondini for his ensemble, with whom she performed in Leipzig, Dresden and Prague . On August 30, 1787, she played Princess Eboli in the world premiere of Don Karlos . She was considered one of the best actresses of her time.

In 1795 Sophie Albrecht went to Altona (then Danish) with her husband , where he founded the Altona National Theater . Her husband was close to the local Masonic lodge Carl zum Felsen , and his wife was involved in the lodge's activities. On Midsummer Day the following year was considered a Schwesternloge and dialed Albrecht for their champion from the chair .

In 1798 Sophie Albrecht divorced and in the same year married her long-time lover, Lieutenant Ferdinand von Hahn (around 1769–1802), who however died after a short marriage. She later returned to her first husband and married him a second time.

In addition to successful theater work (for example, in Hamburg, Altona and Leipzig) Sophie Albrecht also worked as a writer on Musenalmanach of Johann Heinrich Voss and at the Thalia with Friedrich Schiller. After Johann Friedrich Ernst Albrecht died in 1814, Sophie Albrecht became increasingly impoverished. Her fame as an actress faded, her own literary work was no longer considered.

Poverty and death

In the last years of her life she had to earn a living with casual poetry and as a washerwoman and servant. Sophie Albrecht died completely impoverished just a few weeks before her 83rd birthday on November 16, 1840 in the poor house in Hamburg-St. George .

Work and poem example

Sophia Albrecht's literary work includes poetry (often occasional poems), dramas (mostly arrangements for stage use) as well as u. a. Horror and robber novels . Repertoire pieces were mostly written by educated actors, as were the usual and expected speeches, prologues and epilogues at the beginning and end of the season. Typical of Sophie Albrecht's works are the motifs longing for love, disappointed love and the desire for death.

An example of Sophie Albrecht's poetry style:

Morning song (first three stanzas)
The sun is rising magnificently again
From the dawn tent
A thousand, a thousand cheers
Do you sing the awakened world
And the sweet smell of flowers
You rise in pure air.
Look! as you leap the herds,
Listen! how ye coo the dove;
The brook seems to slip faster
Who wanders through fresh meadows
And the little summer mosquitos
Dance, ringing, their indulgence.
I am sad in abundance
Joy all around
More melancholy, serious and quiet
My bosom remains empty of joy.
Oh! the purple rays wake
The horrors of death pale me.

roll

Works

  • Listening is also good, a singspiel in two acts. 1780. (Also included in Poems and Drama , 1781).
  • Theresgen. A play with singing. 1781 (Included in Poems and Drama , 1781).
  • Poems and plays. 1781.
  • Aramena- a Syrian story completely reworked for our times from SA 3 volumes: 1782–1786 (based on the baroque novel by Anton Ulrich von Braunschweig )
  • Poems and prose essays. 1785 (Contains "Fragments from the diary of an unfortunate woman")
  • Poems and prose essays. 1791 (Contains "Continued fragments from the diary of an unfortunate woman")
  • Poems, plays and prosaic essays. 3rd volumes, 1791 (complete edition of all three volumes in Dresden: Richter)
  • The polite ghost. 1797, (also published under the title "Ida von Duba, the girl in the forest") and
  • Legends. 1797.
  • Graumännchen or Rabenbühl Castle. 1799.
  • Ida von Duba, the girl in the forest. A romantic story. 1805.
  • Romantic seals, from the older Christian church. 1808.
  • Friedrich Clemens Gerke (Ed.): Anthology from the poetry of Sophia Albrecht. 1841

literature

  • Detlev L. Lübker, Hans Schröder : Lexicon of the Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburgischen and Eutinian writers from 1796 to 1828. Volume 1: AM. K. Aue, Altona 1829, pp. 14–15, no. 21. (online)
  • Sophie Albrecht: Colorful children of black night. Lyric anthology of selected love and friendship poems. Illustrated by Thorsten Baensch. Edited and with accompanying text by Berit CR Royer. Brussels: Bartleby & Co. , 1997. ISBN 2-930279-04-4
  • Berit Christine Ruth Royer: Sophie Albrecht (1757–1840) among women writers around 1800. A literary and cultural studies monograph . UMI, Ann Arbor, MI 1999, DNB 958697353 . (Dissertation University of California, Davis 1999)
  • Hans-Werner Engels : Albrecht, Sophie . In: Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke (Hrsg.): Hamburgische Biographie . tape 1 . Christians, Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-7672-1364-8 , pp. 20-20 . 2001.
  • Sophie Albrecht: Forward, forward I see myself . Poems of longing for death and the death of the female-cultural role. Illustrated by Thorsten Baensch, edited and with an introduction by Berit CR Royer. Bartleby & Co., Brussels, 2001, ISBN 2-930279-18-4 .
  • Ruth P. Dawson: "Examining Passion: Sophie Albrecht (1757-1840)." In Dawson: The Contested Quill: Literature by Women in Germany 1770-1880. University of Delaware, Newark, Del. 2002, ISBN 978-0-87413-762-0 , 286-345.
  • Ruth P. Dawson: "Reconstructing Women's Literary Relationships: Sophie Albrecht and Female Friendship." u. "Albrecht's Correspondence with Identified Women." In: Katherine R. Goodman and Edith J. Waldstein (eds.): The Shadow of Olympus. German Women Writers around 1800, State University of New York, Albany 1992, 173-188; 211-218.
  • Berit Christine Ruth Royer: The literature of the writer Sophie Albrecht (1757-1840) and her Erfurt colleagues as an early feminist and literary historical contribution to the Dalberg period (1772-1802). In: Michael Ludscheidt (Hrsg.): Enlightenment in the Dalberg time . Ulenspiegel, Erfurt 2006, ISBN 3-932655-31-1 , pp. 333-357.
  • Bianka Schmalfuß, Daniel Minetti, Petra Andrejewski: Sophie Albrecht, a forgotten friend of Schiller . Audiobook (audio CD), Fröhlich, Dresden 2006, ISBN 3-939669-04-0 .
  • Mary Helen Dupree: The Mask and the Quill. Actress-Writers in Germany from Enlightenment to Romanticism . Bucknell University Press, Bucknell, PA 2011, ISBN 978-1-61148-024-5 , pp. 64-99.
  • Sophie Albrecht: love poems . Illustrated by Johanna Mittag, edited by Petra Andrejewski. Edition Serena, Moritzburg 2015, ISBN 978-3-00-048856-6 .
  • Berit Christine Ruth Royer: Sophie Albrecht, an artistic phenomenon in literature and theater of the 18th century. Gender, reception and the working group with her husband. In: Rüdiger Schütt (Hrsg.): Adored, cursed, forgotten: the life and work of Sophie Albrecht and Johann Friedrich Ernst Albrecht. Wehrhahn, Hannover 2015, ISBN 978-3-86525-447-4 , pp. 313–352.
  • Mary Helen Dupree: Sophie Albrechts Declamations. Interfaces between music, theater and literature. In: Rüdiger Schütt (Hrsg.): Adored, cursed, forgotten: the life and work of Sophie Albrecht and Johann Friedrich Ernst Albrecht. Wehrhahn, Hannover 2015, ISBN 978-3-86525-447-4 , pp. 353-367.
  • Gaby Pailer: Between the genre system and the role subject. Sophie Albrechts 'Theresgen' (1781) as a civil tragedy by an acting playwright in the 18th century. In: Rüdiger Schütt (Hrsg.): Adored, cursed, forgotten: the life and work of Sophie Albrecht and Johann Friedrich Ernst Albrecht. Wehrhahn, Hannover 2015, ISBN 978-3-86525-447-4 , pp. 369–379.
  • Sophie Albrecht: Theresgen. A play with singing in five acts . New edition. Edited by Gaby Pailer and Rüdiger Schütt. Wehrhahn, Hannover 2016, ISBN 978-3-86525-494-8 .
  • Berit Christine Ruth Royer: Beating the Odds: Sophie Albrecht (1756-1840), a Successful Woman Writer and Publisher in Eighteenth-Century Germany. In: Carme Font Paz and Nina Geerdink (eds.): Economic Imperatives for Women's Writing in Early Modern Europe . Brill / Rodopi, Leiden and Boston 2018, ISBN 978-90-04-38299-2 . Pp. 221-256.

Web links

Wikisource: Sophie Albrecht  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Richard Förster:  Albrecht, Sophie . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 322.
  2. ↑ wortblume.de
  3. ↑ Morgenlied (Albrecht) in wikisource
personal data
SURNAME Albrecht, Sophie
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Albrecht, Johanna Sophie Dorothea (full name); Albrecht, Sophia; Baumer, Sophie (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer and actress
DATE OF BIRTH baptized December 6, 1756
PLACE OF BIRTH Erfurt
DATE OF DEATH November 16, 1840
Place of death Hamburg