Johann Ludwig Deinhardstein

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Lithograph by Josef Kriehuber , 1833

Johann Ludwig von Deinhardstein (born June 21, 1790 in Vienna as Johann Nepomuk Anton Alois Josef Deinhardstein ; † July 12, 1859 ibid), also Deinhard-Deinhardstein , pseudonym Dr. Römer , was an Austrian writer , literary critic , dramaturge and court official.

Life

Deinhardstein, the son of a lawyer, first studied law and political science and then entered the civil service. Unsatisfied by this activity, he turned to the classical and aesthetic . As early as 1811 his first works, i. H. Poems and one-act comedies, published. He quickly rose to become a central figure in the Viennese literary scene.

In 1827 he was appointed professor for aesthetics at the University of Vienna and succeeded Lorenz Leopold Haschka at the Vienna Theresianum .

Two years later he took over the editing of the Vienna Yearbooks of Literature , which he kept until 1849. Under his direction, the quarterly work developed into an important organ of literary criticism in the German-speaking world, for contemporaries of high standing such as Joseph von Eichendorff , Ernst von Feuchtersleben , Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué , Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , the Brothers Grimm , Friedrich Hebbel , Wilhelm von Humboldt , Carl Leberecht Immermann , Friedrich Rückert and August Wilhelm Schlegel wrote articles. The focus was on new publications in the humanities . Despite the cooperation of those progressive intellectuals, the conservative Deinhardstein was able to enforce a patriotic- restorative attitude in the yearbooks .

Deinhardstein succeeded Joseph Schreyvogel as dramaturge and deputy director of the Hofburgtheater in 1832 . This cast was suggested by the theater director Johann Rudolf Czernin . In this position he hired well-known actors such as Christine Hebbel and Carl von La Roche and performed mainly conversational pieces , including translations of French dramas. Although it met the taste of the mostly aristocratic audience, it was not able to match its predecessor in terms of quality due to the low consideration of classical pieces. The authors Eduard von Bauernfeld , Friedrich Halm and Friedrich Hebbel received first public attention under his direction.

Since 1829 Deinhardstein has been censoring the dramas submitted to the theater as a part-time job. After his employment at the theater came to an end in 1841, he took on this role full-time as a councilor of the police station until 1848. He then worked as an advisory board member of the state government in literary matters, in particular theater-related matters.

Deinhardstein died in his native city of Vienna in 1859 at the age of 65. His grave of honor is located in the Vienna Central Cemetery (group 0, row 1, number 20). In 1894, Deinhardsteingasse was named after him in Vienna- Ottakring (16th district) .

Artistic creation

As a writer, Deinhardstein emerged primarily as a dramatist who created elegant, cheerful plays with a historical background. Among these, the so-called “artist fun games” stand out. Deinhardstein created a new genre of dramatic poetry with them, which combined historical local color and sentimental intrigues. The most important are

  • Boccaccio (premier 1816, first printed in Vienna 1816) on the Italian poet Giovanni Boccaccio ,
  • The image of Danae (premier 1822, first printed in Leipzig 1823) about the figure Danaë from Greek mythology ,
  • Hans Sachs (premiere 1827, first printed in Vienna 1829) on the German poet Hans Sachs , which has been translated many times and is used both as a template for Albert Lortzing's opera of the same name - see Hans Sachs (opera) - and as a source for Richard Wagner's Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg served,
  • Garrick in Bristol (premiered in 1832, first printed in Vienna 1834) about the British actor David Garrick and
  • Prince and Poet (UA 1847, first printed in Leipzig 1851), which deals with Goethe who is supposed to be ousted from his position at the Weimar court by intrigues .

With Archduke Maximilian's bridal procession in 1832, he delivered a five-act arrangement of Theuerdanks by Maximilian I. Deinhardstein's more serious dramas include mainly smaller, sensitive pieces such as The Guest and Floretta . Some translations from French appeared under the pseudonym “Dr. Romans ".

Deinhardstein's dramas certainly won the applause of the audience, but were subject to massive criticism for their literary value. The works were accused of lacking originality, character depth and idealistic attitude, and his lively writing activity would have led to careless mistakes and mass production.

Work editions

  • Seals for art speakers (ed., 1815)
  • Dramatic poems (Vienna 1816)
  • Theater (two volumes, 1827 and 1833)
  • Sketches of a journey from Vienna via Prague (Vienna 1831)
  • Dr. Römer (three volumes, Vienna and Leipzig 1837–41)
  • Poems (Berlin 1844)
  • Artists' Dramas (two volumes, Leipzig 1845)
  • Stories and short stories (Pest 1846)
  • Collected dramatic works (seven volumes, Leipzig 1848–57)
  • Classical theater from abroad (ed., 1855–56)

literature

  • New Year's Lechner: An Aesthetic of Censorship. Johann L. Deinhardstein as a critic . In: Alberto Martino u. a. (Ed.): Literature in the social movement. Articles and research reports on the 19th century . Niemeyer, Tübingen 1977, pp. 284–326, ISBN 3-484-10289-6 .
  • Ilse Leithner: Deinhardstein as a critic . Dissertation, University of Vienna 1929.
  • Wilhelm Treichlinger : Johann Ludwig Deinhardstein . Dissertation, University of Vienna 1926.
  • Hans Landsberg: A forgotten Burgtheater director . In: masks. Journal of German Theater Culture . Volume 5, 1910

Lexicon article

Web links

Wikisource: Johann Ludwig Deinhardstein  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Julius Marx: Deinhardstein's birthday . In: Our home . tape 38 , 1967, p. 179 f . ( Full text [PDF]). Compare also baptismal register Vienna-St.Stephan, tom. C, fol. 29 ( facsimile ). In the literature, the year of birth 1794 or (occasionally) 1789 is often given.
personal data
SURNAME Deinhardstein, Johann Ludwig
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Deinhardstein, Johann Ludwig von (full name); Deinhardstein, Johann Nepomuk Anton Alois Josef (birth name); Deinhard-Deinhardstein, Johann Ludwig; Römer, Dr. (Pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian writer, literary critic, dramaturge and court official
DATE OF BIRTH June 21, 1790
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH July 12, 1859
Place of death Vienna