Johann Rudolf Czernin from and to Chudenitz

Johann Rudolf Czernin von und zu Chudenitz (approx. 1840),
drawing by Moritz Daffinger

Johann Rudolf Count Czernin von und zu Chudenitz (born June 9, 1757 in Vienna ; † April 23, 1845 ibid) was an Imperial and Royal Austrian administrative officer and art collector. He came from the Bohemian noble family Czernin von und zu Chudenitz . His father was Count Prokop Adalbert Czernin, who had given Mozart an annual pension at the end of 1776.

Life

Czernin went to school in Salzburg , where his uncle Hieronymus von Colloredo (Archbishop) was bishop. The young Czernin and his sister had relationships with Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , who wrote a violin concerto for him and the 8th piano concerto for them to practice . In 1778, Czernin founded an orchestra which gave concerts on Sunday afternoons with the noble Lodron family . Leopold Mozart and Nannerl played several works. Leopold wrote to his son when he was in Paris about Czernin's limited achievements as a violin player.

Schönhof Palace (Krásný Dvůr) in the north-west of Bohemia

In 1781 Czernin married Theresa Countess zu Schönborn-Heussenstamm and traveled with her to Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England and became interested in the new fashion, the English style in designing parks. In the years 1783 to 1793, a large English landscape garden was built southwest of Krásný Dvůr Castle near Podersam on behalf of Czernin .

At the end of the 18th century, the Jemčina hunting lodge became very famous under Johann Rudolf Czernin. In the presence of representatives of the Bohemian and Austrian nobility, praised hunts took place here, and scholars and scientists of the Bohemian National Revival Movement were guests here.

In 1810, Goethe was invited to the Krásný Dvůr family estate. At the turn of the century Czernin began collecting and twenty years later owned the most important private art collection of the monarchy: in 1813 he bought Die Malkunst , a painting by Johannes Vermeer . From 1817 to 1825 František Tkadlík was the court painter of the Czernin and the guardian of her gallery in Vienna.

In 1823 Czernin was appointed president of the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna . He held this office until 1827. As early as 1823 he was appointed Imperial Colonel Chamberlain . With this office he was entrusted with the management of the imperial collections of the court, but the Burgtheater was also under his direction. Johann Ludwig Deinhardstein succeeded Joseph Schreyvogel in 1832 as dramaturge and deputy director of the Hofburgtheater . Czernin was also a co-founder of the Society of the Patriotic Museum in Bohemia .

Johann Rudolf Czernin died at the age of 88. When he died, his private art collection comprised almost 2,000 copperplate engravings, which formed the basis of Czernin's art collection . From 1837 this was kept in the Palais Czernin in Vienna's old town , Wallnerstrasse 3, and exhibited in the Czernin'schen Palais in today's 8th district, Josefstadt, from 1845–1954 . Parts of this collection can be viewed today in the Residenz Gallery in Salzburg , which it bought.

In 1882 the Czerningasse and Czerninplatz were named after him in Vienna- Leopoldstadt (2nd district) at the site of a former Czernin'schen garden palace ; Both street names were not in official use as early as 1813.

literature

• Brandhuber, Christoph: Johann Rudolph Count Czernin von Chudenitz (1757-1845) . A life for the arts, in: Residenzgalerie Salzburg . Complete list of paintings, ed. v. Roswitha Juffinger. Salzburg 2010, pp. 434–459.
• Brandhuber, Christoph: Artistic understanding and connoisseur's eye : Johann Rudolph Count Czernin von Chudenitz (1757-1845), in: Vermeer . The art of painting . Securing evidence of a masterpiece, ed. v. Sabine Haag, Elke Oberthaler u. Sabine Penot. Vienna 2010, pp. 66–69.
• Juffinger, Roswitha: Counts Czernin von Chudenitz and Lamberg-Sprinzenstein, Two Illustrious Viennese Collectors : Notes for New Research, in: La circulation des oeuvres d'art 1789–1848 , ed. v. Roberta Panzanelli et al. Monica Preti-Hamard. Rennes 2007, pp. 117-123.
• Juffinger, Roswitha: The Counts Czernin and their painting collections in Prague and Vienna , in: Collecting as an institution . From the princely chamber of curiosities to the patronage of the state, ed. v. Barbara Marx et al. Karl-Siegbert Rehberg. Munich / Berlin 2006, pp. 163–172.
• Juffinger, Roswitha: A Rembrandt for the Czernin'sche painting collection . Johann Rudolph Czernin's purchases from the painting collection of Armand François Louis de Mestral de Saint Saphorin, in: Residenzgalerie Salzburg . Complete list of paintings, ed. v. this. Salzburg 2010, pp. 461-490.
• Juffinger, Roswitha: “My father's writing room in Vienna 1835”. A watercolor with the reproduction of Johann Rudolph Count Czernin's writing room von Chudenitz, in: Residenzgalerie Salzburg . Complete list of paintings, ed. v. this. Salzburg 2010, pp. 491-536.
• Czernin Johann Rudolf Graf. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 1, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1957, p. 161.
• Constantin von Wurzbach : Czernin von Chudenitz, Johann Rudolph Graf . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 3rd part. Typogr.-literar.-artist publishing house. Establishment (L. C. Zamarski, C. Dittmarsch & Comp.), Vienna 1858, p. 101 f. ( Digitized version ).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Mozartforum archive link ( Memento of the original from September 26, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from July 21, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
3. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
4. ↑ The Cambridge Mozart encyclopedia by Cliff Eisen, Simon P. Keefe [1]
5. ↑ Czech, German, and Noble: Status and National Identity in Habsburg Bohemia by Rita Krueger [2]
6. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from October 8, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
7. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from August 31, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
8. ↑ Goethe Yearbook, Volume 122 by Goethe Society (Weimar, Germany) [3]
9. ↑ http://www.residenzgalerie.at/Geschichte.12.0.html