Ernst von Feuchtersleben

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Ernst von Feuchtersleben, portrait engraving by Franz Xaver Stöber after Josef Danhauser
Title page of the first edition
Grave of Ernst von Feuchtersleben in the Vienna Central Cemetery

Ernst Maria Johann Karl Freiherr von Feuchtersleben (born April 29, 1806 in Vienna ; † September 3, 1849 there ) was an Austrian doctor , poet and essayist . He coined the term “ psychosis ” in medical literature and is considered a co-founder of psychosomatic medicine .

Life

Ernst von Feuchtersleben came from a Thuringian aristocratic family who previously lived in Hildburgshausen. His father was the Austrian councilor Ernst von Feuchtersleben (1765–1834). His mother Cäcilia von Feuchtersleben died early († 1807). He received his training at the Theresian Academy in Vienna, to which he belonged from 1813 to 1825. He studied medicine at the University of Vienna from 1825, received his doctorate in 1834 and later opened a private practice in the suburbs of Vienna. He frequented the city's intellectual circles and was in contact with Franz Grillparzer , Franz Schubert , Franz von Schober , Johann Mayrhofer , Romeo Seligmann , Adalbert Stifter and Friedrich Hebbel , among others . His half-brother was the mining engineer and man of letters Eduard von Feuchtersleben (1798-1857).

Feuchtersleben published poems (1836) as well as numerous literary, aesthetic and critical articles for journals and almanacs. In 1838 his widely acclaimed book On Dietetics of the Soul was published , a life help book for achieving moral health, which became the middle-class house book and bestseller of the 19th century. Since 1840 secretary of the Society of Doctors , he completed his habilitation in 1842 and in 1844 became professor of psychiatry at the University of Vienna. He published his lectures on medical psychology in 1845 under the title Textbook of Medical Psychology , a basic work on medical psychology and psychiatry that has been translated into other languages ​​several times. His aphorisms are also significant in literary history.

As a liberal, Feuchtersleben enthusiastically welcomed the Vienna March Revolution in Vienna in 1848 , but like many moderate constitutionalists of his generation he soon distanced himself from the radicalization of the revolutionary events and demands.

He rests in a grave of honor in the Vienna Central Cemetery (group 14 A, number 17). In 1889 Feuchterslebengasse in Vienna- Favoriten (10th district) was named after him.

Works

  • On the dietetics of the soul. 1838; 40th edition 1874; Leipzig undated (1879).
  • Poems. 1836; 4th edition 1846.
  • The certainty and dignity of the healing arts. Gerold, Vienna 1839 ( digitized in the Google book search); new edition under the title: Doctors and Audience: Sketches. Gerold, Vienna 1848 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  • Contributions to literature, art and life theory. 1841.
  • Textbook of medical psychology. Vienna 1845.
  • Complete Works. With the exclusion of the purely medical. Edited by Friedrich Hebbel . 7 volumes. Vienna 1851–53 ( digital copies ; including the biography of Feuchtersleben written by Hebbel).

literature

Web links

Commons : Ernst von Feuchtersleben  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikiquote: Ernst von Feuchtersleben  - Quotes

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mario Lanczik: Feuchtersleben, Freiherr Ernst von. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 395.
  2. ^ German biography: Feuchtersleben, Ernst - German biography. Retrieved August 2, 2018 .
  3. ↑ Mario Lanczik: Feuchtersleben, Freiherr Ernst von. 2005, p. 395.
  4. ^ Title page 1845
personal data
SURNAME Feuchtersleben, Ernst von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Feuchtersleben, Ernst Maria Johann Karl Freiherr von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian popular philosopher, doctor, poet and essayist
DATE OF BIRTH April 29, 1806
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH September 3, 1849
Place of death Vienna