Johann Mayrhofer (poet)
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Johann Baptist Mayrhofer (born October 22, 1787 in Steyr ; † February 5, 1836 in Vienna ) was an Austrian poet and close friend of the composer Franz Schubert .
life and work
Mayrhofer was the son of a court procurator and from 1806 to 1810 a member of the St. Florian monastery in Upper Austria. After leaving the monastery, he studied law and theology in Vienna. He successfully completed both studies. During his student days he was friends with the writer Theodor Körner . From 1814 until the end of his life Mayrhofer was a book auditor at the “K. K. books revision office ”within the framework of state censorship by the Metternich regime. Contrary to his actual political position, he was dependent on this livelihood.
In Vienna he met the composer Franz Schubert through Joseph von Spaun in 1814 and lived with his 10-year-old friend from 1818 to 1821 in a shared apartment in the house to the right of the old town hall on Wipplinger Straße . Schubert set 47 poems by Mayrhofer to music, including the famous Schiffers song to the Dioscurs and, for example, The Angry Diana . Mayrhofer also created the libretti for two stage works for him , which, however, were not performed during the authors' lifetime: only parts of the text set to music by Schubert have survived for both the Singspiel Die Freunde von Salamanca (1815) and the opera Adrast . Ernst von Feuchtersleben decided not to publish the manuscripts still available to him as part of the edition of Mayrhofer's posthumous poems. From 1819 active in the fraternity circle in Vienna.
In 1824 a collection of his poems was published. In 1829 he published his “Memories of Franz Schubert” in the journal Neues Archiv für Geschichte , which contained some remarkable information about Schubert and his circle of friends.
“Mayrhofer constantly suffered from bad health, his tendency towards melancholy and loneliness. In 1830, two years after Schubert's death, he made his first suicide attempt. He was rescued from the Danube. ”In 1836 he died in Vienna of suicide as a result of a depressive episode. He lunged from the third floor of his office building.
reviews
"Mayrhofer's poems are always like the text to a melody."
"He is captivated by the pictures he saw closely and the diction that he copied from Goethe."
Works
- Reprint of the Vienna 1824 edition of poems
- Edition of Mayrhofer's poems by Feuchtersleben in 1843
- Mayrhofer's poems set to music by Schubert in full text
- Salamanka's friends . In: New Schubert Edition , Series II / 3.
- Adrast . In: New Schubert Edition , Series II / 12.
literature
- Ferdinand Brunold : poet and composer . In: The Gazebo . Issue 39, 1866, pp. 614–615 ( full text [ Wikisource ]).
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Mayrhofer, Johann . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 17th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1867, pp. 186–190 ( digitized version ).
- Anton Schlossar : Mayrhofer, Johann . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 52, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1906, p. 281 f.
- Fritz List: Johann Mayrhofer, a friend and lyricist of Franz Schubert . Munich, Univ., Diss., 1921. Print: Nittenau: Kangler: [1991]: 226 Bl.
- Michael Maria Rabenlechner : Johann Mayrhofer's poems with a life picture of the poet . Vienna Bibliophile Society 1938.
- V. Hanus: Mayrhofer Johann. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 6, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-7001-0128-7 , p. 13 f. (Direct links on p. 13 , p. 14 ).
- Walburga Litschauer: Mayrhofer, Johann. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 16, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-428-00197-4 , p. 574 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Ilija Dürhammer : "What I felt, you sang" - New documents on Johann Mayrhofer's life and work . In: Mitteilungen der Österreichische Gesellschaft für Musikwissenschaft 31 (March 1997), pp. 13–45.
- Ilija Dürhammer: Schubert's literary home. Poetry and literature reception of the Schubert friends. Vienna-Cologne-Weimar 1999.
- Michael Kohlhäufl: Poetic Fatherland. Poetry and political thinking in Franz Schubert's circle of friends. Kassel 1999.
- Susan Youens: Schubert's poets and the making of lieder . Cambridge Univ. Press 1999.
- Michael Lorenz : Documents on Johann Mayrhofer's biography . In: Schubert through the glasses 25, June 2000, pp. 21–50.
- Rita Steblin : Schubert's Problematic Relationship with Johann Mayrhofer: New Documentary Evidence . In: Essays on Music and Culture in Honor of Herbert Kellman , 2001, pp. 465–495.
- Michael Davidson, Henk Hillenaar: Schubert and Mayrhofer . London 2008.
- Friedrich Buchmayr : Franz Schubert, the Linz Circle of Friends and the St. Florian Monastery . In: Schubert: Perspektiven , 8, 2008, pp. 135–190.
Web links
- Literature by and about Johann Mayrhofer in the catalog of the German National Library
- Entry on Johann Mayrhofer (poet) in the Austria Forum (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Lorenz: "Johann Mayrhofer's Real Date of Birth"
- ^ Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume II: Artists. Winter, Heidelberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8253-6813-5 , pp. 486-487.
- ↑ Facsimile in: Till Gerrit Waidelich: Franz Schubert. Documents 1817-1830 (Tutzing 1993), No. 699, p. 491 ff.
- ^ Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau : Franz Schubert in his songs . 1st edition. Insel paperback No. 2519, Frankfurt 1999, ISBN 3-458-34219-2 , p. 77.
- ^ Franz Grillparzer , quoted in: Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau : Franz Schubert in his songs . 1st edition. Insel Taschenbuch No. 2519, Frankfurt 1999, ISBN 3-458-34219-2 , p. 78
- ^ Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau : Franz Schubert in his songs . 1st edition. Insel Taschenbuch No. 2519, Frankfurt 1999, ISBN 3-458-34219-2 , p. 78
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Mayrhofer, Johann |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Mayrhofer, Johann Baptist; Mayerhofer, Johann |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian poet |
DATE OF BIRTH | October 22, 1787 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Steyr |
DATE OF DEATH | February 5, 1836 |
Place of death | Vienna |