Max Burckhard

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Max Burckhard
Max Burckhard

Max Eugen Burckhard (born July 14, 1854 in Korneuburg ( Lower Austria ), † March 16, 1912 in Vienna ) was an Austrian theater director, theater critic , writer and legal scholar. From 1890 to 1898 he was director of the kk Hofburgtheater (Vienna Burgtheater ).

family

His father Leopold Burckhard was the land registry administrator. His mother's name was Amalie geb. Schreibner (approx. 1818-26 February 1901 in Innsbruck ); the parents had been married since November 14, 1841. From around 1885 he was married to Sophie Nissl, the daughter of the brewery owner Robert Nissl, the owner of Büchsenhausen Castle . The marriage ended in divorce; she married the African explorer August Creydt ( Hanover , approx. 1868– Munich , August 1911) in her second marriage . In 1911 she had two underage sons, Alexander and Robert Creydt, and lived in Klagenfurt .

Life

Burckhard on the death bed, Wiener Bilder, March 24, 1912

Max Burckhard attended the Stiftsgymnasium Kremsmünster , then studied law in Vienna and from 1872 was a member of the Viennese fraternity of Silesia . He became a judge in St. Pölten , wrote the three-volume work "System des Austrian Private Law" and in 1887 became Deputy Secretary of the Ministry for Culture and Education. From August 1889 he was editor of the Österreichische Zeitschrift für Verwaltung for six months .

Without any special experience in running a theater, Max Burckhard followed Adolf von Sonnenthal as director of the Vienna Burgtheater in 1890 .

Free of old obligations to the ensemble, he dusted off the program and brought social dramas by Henrik Ibsen , Gerhart Hauptmann , Hugo von Hofmannsthal and Arthur Schnitzler , whose “ Liebelei ” was premiered in 1895. Even Ferdinand Raimund and popular pieces of Ludwig Anzengruber he underwent performances on Hofburgtheater presentable . With inexpensive Sunday afternoon performances, Burckhard also opened the Burgtheater to wider classes.

He demonstrated a great deal of skill in expanding the ensemble to include actors such as Adele Sandrock (with whom he may also have been in a relationship), Lotte Medelsky , Otto Tressler , Hedwig Bleibtreu , Friedrich Mitterwurzer and Josef Kainz .

With his innovative activities, Burckhard was able to interest a new, progressive audience in the Burgtheater and his charismatic nature turned many of his critics into friends such as the writer and theater critic Hermann Bahr , whom he intensively involved in the programming. The liberal press was on his side, but he was always a thorn in the side of representatives of the traditional understanding of theater and so he ultimately failed because of the country's conservative circles and in 1898 submitted his resignation.

Burckhard was appointed court councilor at the administrative court in 1898 , where he worked until 1900. He published a lot, also emerged as a dramatist of time-critical folk plays and comedies, such as "Die Bürgermeisterwahl" (1897), "'s Katherl" (1898), "Rat Schimpf" (1905) and "Die Insel der Seligen" (1908) and subsequently also worked as the successor to his friend Hermann Bahr when he handed over the publication of the cultural section of the time in 1899.

When he was old, Burckhard retired to St. Gilgen am Wolfgangsee , where he had built a house in the village of Franzosenschanze from 1903. Most recently he was "half deranged". Heirs were his sister Henriette, married. Hlawacek († December 24, 1916), and her son Friedrich Hlawacek (born August 5, 1877), lawyer in Salzburg.

The library with almost 3,000 books was auctioned in Vienna from September 4 to 9, 1912, and Hugo Heller published an auction catalog.

various

In Joshua Sobol's polydrama " Alma - A Show Biz to the End ", Max Burckhard is portrayed as one of Alma Mahler-Werfel's childhood friends .

literature

  • Burckhardt Max Eugen. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 1, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1957, p. 127.
  • Gerda Doublier:  Burckhard, Max. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 35 ( digitized version ).
  • Hermann Bahr: Memory of Burckhard. Fischer, Berlin 1913. - archive.org .
  • Johann Hans Brunow: The Burgtheater under the direction of Max Burckhard's (1890–1898) . Dissertation. University of Vienna, Vienna 1923, OBV .
  • Hermann Bahr: Diary. July 14th. In: Neues Wiener Journal. July 20, 1924, No. 11016/1924 (XXVIIth year), p. 8 f. (Book edition: Hermann Bahr: Der Zauberstab. Diaries 1924/26 . Franz Borgmeyer, Hildesheim 1927, OBV , pp. 108–111).
  • Rudolf Holzer: Encounters with Max Burckhard. In: Neues Wiener Journal. July 19, 1925, No. 11371/1925 (XXXIIIth year), p. 6 f.
  • Doris Dey: The Viennese Modernism and Max Burckhard . Dissertation. University of Vienna, Vienna 1989, OBV .
  • Ulrike Dembski (Ed.): From Castle and Opera. The houses on the Ring from their opening to 1955. Exhibition, June 1, 2005 to November 6, 2005, Austrian Theater Museum . Brandstätter, Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-85498-394-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Matricula - Viewer. In: www.data.matricula.info. Retrieved July 4, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Instead of any special advertisement † (...) Dr. Max Eugen Burckhard. In:  Neue Freie Presse , Afternoon Journal, No. 17087/1912, March 18, 1912, p. 11 above. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nfp.
  3. ↑ Austrian National Library: ANNO-Neues_Wiener_Tagblatt_ (daily edition) -19010227-32. In: anno.onb.ac.at. Retrieved July 4, 2016 .
  4. ^ Matricula - Viewer. In: www.data.matricula.info. Retrieved July 4, 2016 .
  5. ^ Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume II: Artists. Winter, Heidelberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8253-6813-5 , pp. 104-105.
  6. ↑ Schnitzer, Arthur: Diary . Ed .: Peter Michael Braunwarth u. a. Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences, Vienna.
  7. ↑ Today's address: Franzosenschanze 4. - Photo of the house from 2005.
  8. ↑ Fritz Fellner (Ed.): Poet and Scholar. Hermann Bahr and Josef Redlich in their letters 1896–1934 . Neugebauer, Salzburg 1980, ISBN 3-85376-031-7 , p. 85.
  9. ^ Letters in Hermann Bahr's estate
  10. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO-Innsbrucker_Nachrichten-19121023-17. In: anno.onb.ac.at. Retrieved July 4, 2016 .
personal data
SURNAME Burckhard, Max
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Burckhard, Max Eugen
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian lawyer and theater director
DATE OF BIRTH July 14, 1854
PLACE OF BIRTH Korneuburg
DATE OF DEATH March 16, 1912
Place of death Vienna