Klagenfurt am Wörthersee

Klagenfurt am Wörthersee (until 2008 Klagenfurt) ( Slovenian Celovec ob Vrbskem jezeru ) is a large city in southern Austria. It is the capital of the Austrian state of Carinthia . With 101,300 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) it is the largest city in Carinthia and the sixth largest in Austria . The urban area is located in the center of the Klagenfurt Basin and has an area of 120 km².

Klagenfurt was first mentioned in a document in 1192/99 and was a largely insignificant market town until the city was donated by Maximilian I to the Carinthian estates in 1518. This donation and the subsequent Protestant Reformation movement of the 16th century meant a steep rise for the city: Klagenfurt became the capital of Carinthia, and numerous buildings that are still important today, such as the country house and the cathedral , were built.

Today the statutory city of Klagenfurt is the location or seat of the Carinthian provincial government , the district authority Klagenfurt-Land , the diocese of Gurk , the Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt , the Carinthia University of Applied Sciences , the Gustav Mahler Private University for Music , an international airport and numerous other companies and Institutions, etc. a. of the Carinthian Slovenes . Thanks to its attractive city center with squares and old town buildings as well as cultural offerings and its proximity to the lake, Klagenfurt is also significant for tourism.

geography

location

View over Klagenfurt towards the northeast (from the scrap maker)

Klagenfurt is located on the Klagenfurter Feld in the center of the Klagenfurt Basin and extends for around 15 km in north-south and east-west directions. The city covers the entire east bank of the Wörthersee , the areas north of it are part of the Feldkirchen-Moosburger Hügelland and the Glantaler Bergland. Parts of the northern district of Wölfnitz are already part of the Zollfeld , the south of Klagenfurt lies at the foot of the Sattnitz mountain range.

The city center is about 450 m above sea level; the highest point within the municipality is the Ulrichsberg at 1022 m above sea level. A. , the deepest the Gurkerbrücke (420 m) on the eastern border of the city.

About one third of the 120 km² large municipal area is designated as agricultural area (33.4%) and forest (32.9%). 19.3% of the area of Klagenfurt is used as building land , 2.2% are bodies of water and 1.3% are gardens. The remaining 10.9% fall under “other types of use”, which include traffic routes , mining areas and wasteland .

The Adriatic Sea is only about 150 kilometers from Klagenfurt; Trieste can be reached in around two hours by motorway.

geology

The entire Klagenfurt basin was filled in by the Draugletscher during the Ice Age . After the ice masses melted, alluvial cones of the Glan formed the subsoil of today's northern urban area and the Zollfeld, consisting of ice-age gravel. At the same time, the Wörthersee was also created, which reached into today's city center around 4,000 years ago, where a large moor area formed through gradual siltation . The hills in the north of the city consist mainly of old crystalline mica schists and paleozoic phyllites , green schists and limestone, the Sattnitz ridge south of Klagenfurt of conglomerates .

climate

Klagenfurt has a temperate continental climate with relatively large temperature fluctuations between the seasons. Due to the inversion weather situation prevailing in the Klagenfurt Basin , an above-average frequent and often long-lasting formation of haze and fog is typical for this area. In early and mid-autumn this is predominantly ground fog, while high fog usually occurs in late autumn and winter. A general lack of wind is also characteristic. The winters, which are cold compared to the Austrian average, can temporarily be alleviated by the foehn through the Karawanken mountains to the south .

The long-term mean annual temperature (determined between 1961 and 1990) is 7.7 ° C. The mean temperature in 2007 in Klagenfurt was 9.7 ° C.

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Klagenfurt

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C )	0.3	4.4	10.3	14.9	20.2	23.4	25.5	25.1	20.6	14.2	5.8	0.8	O	13.8
Min. Temperature (° C)	−7.2	−5.4	−1.3	2.8	7.8	11.1	12.9	12.7	9.0	4.3	−1.0	−5.2	O	3.4
Temperature (° C)	−4.0	−1.4	3.6	8.3	13.7	16.9	18.8	18.2	13.8	8.2	1.7	−2.7	O	8th

Precipitation ( mm )	30.9	35.2	50.2	64.5	78.5	113.5	117.6	98.6	89.7	82.9	78.9	48.9	Σ	889.4

Hours of sunshine ( h / d )	2.5	4.4	5.1	5.8	6.9	7.3	7.8	7.5	6.0	4.1	2.2	1.8	O	5.1

Rainy days ( d )	5.1	4.9	6.2	8.0	9.6	11.5	10.2	9.4	7.2	7.3	7.1	5.4	Σ	91.9

Source:

Climate table for the period from 2000 to 2013, showing the upward change in temperature, the annual average temperature has increased by 1.9 ° C to 9.9 ° C compared to the measurement period from 1971 to 1990. There have also been eleven years with more than 2000 hours of sunshine since 2000. On average, the duration of sunshine has increased to 5.8 hours per day

Average monthly temperatures and precipitation for Klagenfurt Airport

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C )	1.1	5.1	11.2	16.2	21.5	25.1	27.1	25.9	20.7	14.7	7.8	1.5	O	14.9
Min. Temperature (° C)	−5.8	−4.6	−0.6	4.6	9.3	12.8	14.4	14.1	9.8	5.9	1.6	−3.6	O	4.9
Temperature (° C)	−2.4	0.2	5.3	10.4	15.4	19.0	20.8	20.0	15.3	10.3	4.7	−1.1	O	9.9

Precipitation ( mm )	24.7	26.9	53.0	65.1	86.3	97.8	107.3	139.0	82.9	85.7	83.3	46.4	Σ	898.4

Rainy days ( d )	6.6	6.4	8.0	11.8	12.9	14.0	13.8	14.2	10.2	10.4	11.1	8.7	Σ	128.1

Source:

Waters

The Lendkanal runs from the Lendhafen to the Wörthersee

In the north of the urban area the Glan flows through Klagenfurt in a west-east direction, in the east the Gurk grazes the district of Hörtendorf , shortly before it takes up the Glan in Ebenthal . In the city center there are two canals artificially created in the 16th century: The Lend , which still connects the center with the Wörthersee , and the Feuerbach , which has now almost completely merged into the city's underground sewer system. Flowing through the southern districts, the 8.8 km long Glanfurt (popularly known as “Sattnitz”) drains the Wörthersee into the Glan. Other, smaller rivers are the Kerbach, Raba and Struga, Wölfnitz and Viktringer Bach.

The entire east bank of the Wörthersee belongs to the urban area of Klagenfurt, which has had the lake in its name since mid-2007. There are also a number of ponds in Klagenfurt, including the Hallegg ponds in a nature reserve below Halleg Castle, among the largest.

City structure

Structure of Klagenfurt

Klagenfurt is divided into 15 districts. Until 1848 the urban area only comprised today's Inner City , with the formation of political communities in Austria in 1850 the four immediately adjacent suburbs (St. Veiter, Völkermarkter, Viktringer and Villacher Vorstadt) came to Klagenfurt. Apart from a smaller city expansion in 1893, Klagenfurt only reached its present size in the 20th century through the incorporation of previously independent municipalities in 1938 (districts IX to XII) and 1973 (districts XIII to XV).

The four districts of the inner city roughly form a square of squares, which are numbered clockwise at the top left (in the northwest corner). The next four districts (5–8) surround the square in a roughly circular manner, the numbering starts at the top, in the north and goes to the right. The same applies to the larger districts 9 to 12, which in turn form a belt of sectors in the main directions. Like all zones, the three outermost and youngest districts are numbered to the right, but protrude discreetly like wings, so they are not connected to one another; The count now starts in the south (southwest) with 13, runs through 14 in the northwest to the relatively small 15th district in the east.

Districts with population figures As of January 1, 2020
I-IV	Inner city	2627
V	St. Veiter suburb	3903
VI	Völkermarkter suburb	4828
VII	Viktringer suburb	3365
VIII	Villach suburb	8362
IX	Annabichl	11,300
X	St. Peter	20,569
XI	St. Ruprecht	7308
XII	St. Martin	21,510
XIII	Viktring	9515
XIV	Wolfnitz	5459
XV	Hörtendorf	2554

Within the districts, the 25 cadastral municipalities are the next lower administrative unit (with the non-official Slovenian names in brackets):

Klagenfurt, Blasendorf (Blažnja vas), Ehrenthal, Goritschitzen (Goričica), Großbuch, Großponfeld, Gurlitsch I, Hallegg (Helek), Hörtendorf (Trdnja vas), Kleinbuch, Lendorf (Dhovše), Marolla, Nagra, Neudorf (Nova vas), St. Martin near Klagenfurt , St. Peter am Karlsberg, St. Peter near Ebenthal , St. Peter near Tentschach , St. Ruprecht near Klagenfurt , Stein (Zakamen), Tentschach , Viktring (Vetrinj), Waidmannsdorf (Otoče), Waltendorf (Vapoča vas), Welzenegg

(Gurlitsch II is a cadastral municipality in the neighboring municipality of Krumpendorf.)

history

Origin of name and founding saga

Etymologically , the name Klagenfurt has a Romance origin and came into German through the teaching of Slovenian. Heinz-Dieter Pohl has linguistically reconstructed the formation of the Slovenian name Celovec for Klagenfurt, first documented in 1615 as V Zelovzi . The starting point for this was a Romanesque l'aquiliu with the meaning “place on the water” - but not the Wörthersee but the river Glan . The original Romance form was first transformed into la quiliu and adopted into Slavic without an article. According to the laws of sound, it has become cvilj- . This has been expanded with the ending -ovec , which is common in field and place names , which resulted in Cviljovec . The similarly sounding Slovenian word cvilja means something like 'lamentation'. In Slovene, the name Cviljovec has been reinterpreted in folk etymology as the “place of complaints ”, which is reflected in German in the loan translation Klagenfurt. Accordingly, other derivations are not applicable, for example those represented by Eberhard Kranzmayer from a plaintiff cvilja (= lament), one of the legendary Slavic ford and water women who wash their clothes at streams and springs and complain about deaths, or from the Glan, after which a Glanfurt would be the origin of the name. It is overlooked that there actually is a river called Glanfurt , which was called Lanquart until the 16th century and is now also called Sattnitz (Slovenian: formerly: Lank (a) rt, today: Sotnica, or learned: Jezernica = Seebach) . It is the outflow of the Wörthersee.

An even older derivation, dating from the time of humanism, mentions the Latin name of the Roman city Claudiforum or Forum Claudii as the original name and refers to Roman sources. The name Klagenfurt is said to have developed from this. In fact, there was a Roman city, Virunum , founded by Emperor Claudius , north of what is now the urban area. Today it is clear that Forum Claudii was an alternative name for Virunum and that there was no Roman city in the area of today's Klagenfurt.

Lindwurmbrunnen : Representation of the founding legend

The founding legend of Klagenfurt tells of a dragon that lived in a swamp and fed on people from the surrounding villages who approached it. The monster could only be killed by means of a ruse: a tower was built, at the top of which an ox was chained as bait, the chain also being provided with a large hook. When the dragon came out of its swamp to eat the ox, it got caught on the chain and could then be killed. This legend finds its heraldic expression in the coat of arms of Klagenfurt and its artistic expression in the Lindwurmbrunnen .

Early settlements in today's urban area

The first signs of clearing and settlement in today's urban area are for the period between 4000 and 2000 BC. Proven by finds in Lendorf, Waidmannsdorf and Viktring. Traces of settlements can be found from the Bronze Age ( dugout canoe finds in the moor at the foot of the Sattnitz) as well as the urn field culture and the Hallstatt period (Wölfnitz and Waidmannsdorf). For a long time only areas that towered over the boggy landscape in which today's city center is located were considered as settlement areas. The hills in the north of today's urban area were particularly suitable for this.

Ancient and early Middle Ages

No significant settlements are documented for antiquity , the dominant center for the region both for the time of the Celtic Noricum and for the time of the Roman occupation from 45 BC. BC to the 6th century ( Virunum ) was located on the Zollfeld north of today's Klagenfurt . Nevertheless, a few Roman settlements arose here too, for example the remains of a villa and graves from Roman times were found on the Spitalsberg .

There are hardly any traces to be found in Klagenfurt about the time of the immigration of Slavs from the end of the migration of peoples , which can be proven by place names for numerous places in Carinthia. Nevertheless, it is assumed that today's urban area was connected to the Carolingian-Franconian Palatinate Karnburg (Civitas Carantana), which was built around 828 . In the course of the Christianization of Carinthia, the founding of churches by Maria Saal im Zollfeld by the diocese of Salzburg and by Maria Wörth were significant; no foundations can be proven on the east bank of Lake Wörthersee for this time.

After Carinthia was elevated to a duchy within the Holy Roman Empire in 976, numerous monasteries were founded in the 11th century. But Klagenfurt only became important in the first half of the 12th century: the Spanheimers , who had been wealthy in Carinthia since the middle of the 11th century and who were the Carinthian dukes between 1122 and 1279, had gradually acquired parts of what is now the city. Count Bernhard founded the Cistercian monastery Viktring in 1142 and initiated the settlement in its area.

City foundation

Monument to the city founder Bernhard von Spanheim

The Carinthian dukes Hermann († 1181) and Bernhard von Spanheim († 1256) are considered the founders of Klagenfurt. Hermann is seen as the founder of the Klagenfurt market, which is located on the southern edge of the Zollfeld in the area of today's Spitalsberg . This settlement was first mentioned in a document between June 1192 and March 1199, when the St. Paul Monastery was granted toll exemption "in foro Chlagenuurt". The newly founded place was in the flood plain of the Glan and was flooded again and again. Bernhard von Spanheim took this as an opportunity to re-establish the settlement in a flood-proof area in 1246. Klagenfurt was rebuilt in the area around today's Alte Platz and received city rights in 1252.

To protect the city, a castle (first mentioned in 1268) and a six meter high city wall were built, in front of which a four meter deep and ten meter wide trench was dug. The castle probably stood on the site of today's country house , it was administered by ministerials , who were referred to as castle keepers ("castellanus de Chlagenfurt") . The first priest named in a document in Klagenfurt (Dominus Friedericus, 1255) was still vicar of Maria Saal . The first church in Klagenfurt was probably today's parish church in Klagenfurt-St. Egid , who was the patron saint of St. Egidius accepted (dated 1347); outside the city walls, the Heiligengeistkirche with cemetery and hospital was built (document 1355 and 1381).

Compared to other cities in Carinthia, Klagenfurt had only a small number of inhabitants and remained in the shadow of the capital St. Veit and the commercial center of Villach until the 16th century .

Donation from Klagenfurt to the state estates

Maximilian I donated the city of Klagenfurt to the estates. Fresco by Josef Ferdinand Fromiller, 1740

At the beginning of the 16th century, Carinthia only played a minor role within the Inner Austrian states, and over long stretches not even the office of governor was occupied. The Roman-German king and later Emperor Maximilian I was after extinction of Gorizia come to their extensive heritage in 1500th The absence of a sovereign helped the Carinthian estates on the one hand to gain a stronger political position, on the other hand they had to fight with peasant uprisings at this time, which flared up again in 1515 and during which the provincial capital St. Veit proved to be unreliable.

In 1514, Klagenfurt was almost completely destroyed by fire. The estates now asked the emperor and sovereign to leave the city to them in order to develop it into a bulwark against enemies from inside and outside. Maximilian complied with this request, in the "Gabbrief" of April 24, 1518, he gave the estates the city including the castle and citizenship, while at the same time abolishing all civil privileges.

The estates rebuilt the city and commissioned Domenico dell'Allio to plan a fortification . The financing of this venture was considerably promoted by the leasing of the princely mint in 1529 by Ferdinand I and its relocation from St. Veit to Klagenfurt soon afterwards. Before that, in 1527, the Lend Canal, an artificial waterway from the Wörthersee to the city, was used to transport goods, flood the moat and serve as a reservoir for fire fighting. A second, much smaller canal, the so-called Feuerbach , brought Glan water into the city, which was available there in two open channels and was also used to transport waste. The previous "Galgentratte" became the new center of the city as "Neuer Platz". The streets around him were laid out like a chessboard. Important representative buildings such as the Landhaus (from 1574) and today's cathedral , built as a Protestant church (from 1581), were built. In 1587, due to the ever increasing tasks of the city administration, the judges and the council asked the state estates to appoint a mayor. As a result, Christoph Windisch (*? - † 1597) was appointed the first mayor of the corporate city of Klagenfurt. By the end of the 16th century, Klagenfurt had grown into the most modern and strongest fortress town in the region.

Castle cemetery at the Sattnitzbauer on Quellenstrasse

Outside the city fortifications, the city's sphere of influence included extensive corridors in the hinterland and smaller towns. They formed the Klagenfurt castle keep , which was administered by the city judge. It reached from St. Primus in the north to the marshland of the Glanfurt in the south and from the Glan in the east to the village of Waidmannsdorf in the west of the city. Not a single castle was built in this area, the aristocratic residences of this type were all outside the boundaries of the keep.

Reformation and Counter Reformation

During the second half of the 16th century, large parts of the people and almost all of the Carinthian estates joined the Lutheran Reformation movement , and Klagenfurt can be said to have been a consistently Protestant population as early as the 1570s. The new teaching was proclaimed in both St. Egid and the Church of the Holy Spirit, and the newly built Trinity Church, later the Catholic Cathedral, was used as a Protestant church after its completion. While the Catholic Habsburgs, as rulers, were initially almost powerless to face this development, from around 1580 they initially cautiously implemented the Counter-Reformation after Archduke Ferdinand took office in 1595, together with the Catholic Church . Citizens were given the choice of returning to Catholicism or leaving the country, books were burned and Protestant churches were temporarily closed.

City view from the west, 1649

The Trinity Church, closed in November 1600, was given to the Jesuits, reopened by them in April 1604 and consecrated to Saints Peter and Paul. Above all, the Jesuits, but also other orders settled in the course of the Counter-Reformation, now shaped the intellectual and cultural development as well as with numerous new church and monastery buildings ( Marienkirche with Franciscan monastery 1617, Capuchin church and monastery 1646, redesign of St. Egid and St. . Peter and Paul etc.) the face of the city.

After the Jesuit order was abolished in 1773, Klagenfurt became the seat of the Gurk Cathedral Chapter in 1787/93.

End of the Estates, French Wars and March Revolution

The estates had already lost power with Maria Theresa's administrative reform . Since 1748 the city administration has not been under the authority of the estates and the burgrave ; state authorities have taken their place. The state of Carinthia was divided into three districts, the "castle" was now the seat of a district office. In 1782 Klagenfurt lost its position as the provincial capital after Joseph II had subordinated all of Carinthia administratively to the Graz Gubernium .

The square, planned layout of the old town center, here on a map from around 1735 with the town walls and town gates razed in 1809, can still be seen on today's plans.

In the course of the Napoleonic Wars , Klagenfurt was occupied by French troops in 1797, 1805 and 1809/1810. Before they left, Napoleon's sappers from Württemberg blew up the city walls. The only one of the city gates that remained was the Völkermarkter Tor, which, however, had to give way to road expansion in 1867. Massive dam bridges were built in place of the blown city gates. Today only a small remnant of the ramparts and the city moat are preserved. The location of the city walls can, however, still be seen well on today's “ring” around the city center.

Even if there were only isolated acts of war in the country during the wars, this period and the years that followed meant an economic decline. From an urban development point of view, however , the razing of the fortification also opened up new perspectives. A city map from 1827 already shows the merging of the inner city with its four suburbs, the St. Veiter, Völkermarkter, Villacher and Viktringer Vorstadt. In addition to being a neighborhood, Klagenfurt was also a vital city in terms of its social structure, its culture and its relationship with the surrounding area in the pre-industrial era.

On the political stage, Klagenfurt and Carinthia, which was now divided into two, were of little importance during the Metternich era . That was only to change again after the revolutionary year of 1848 , as Carinthia again became an independent crown land with the seat of a state parliament and a state government in Klagenfurt. After Klagenfurt became a city with its own statute in 1850, after more than 300 years the second city expansion took place as part of the general restructuring of the state and the state and the associated creation of the local communities as the smallest self-governing body.

The hoped-for unification of Klagenfurt with numerous surrounding villages did not materialize at first, however, the neighbors saw no advantage in this and preferred the status of an independent rural community. In addition to the inner city, the new township only comprised its four suburbs, including the “Landortschaft Spitalmühle”. Not even the entire keep had come to Klagenfurt: Even the Kreuzbergl area of the “Wölfnitzberg” remained in the cadastral parish of St. Martin and became part of the new local parish of St. Martin near Klagenfurt . The first Klagenfurt municipal council decided in 1850 for the 51-year-old lawyer Andreas Koller , who had just been awarded the Knight's Cross of the Franz Joseph Order , as head of the city.

Technical age

In 1863 Klagenfurt was connected to the railway network of the Südbahn , and the resulting economic impetus made Klagenfurt the real center of Carinthia. The outdated, damaged water pipe, fed by the Feuerbach and the Sattnitz springs, was taken over and improved by the city. In 1864 Ferdinand Jergitsch founded the first volunteer fire brigade in Carinthia, a model organization for numerous cities in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. The city ditches were partially filled in and built over, the agriculturally usable area was expanded by drainage and the city was enlarged to include the former suburbs and surrounding communities, initially to the east and later to the west towards Lake Wörthersee. In the course of the lively construction activity, the Protestant Johanneskirche (1863-1866), the Carinthian State Museum (1884), the large school buildings (Hasner, Benedictine and Western school, secondary school, trade school, agricultural school "Kucherhof"), the regional hospital (1895) and the new “Jubilee City Theater” (1910). The economic rise was also documented by the first Carinthian state exhibition in 1885, at which 1329 exhibiting companies presented their services to around 100,000 visitors and which laid the foundation for today's Klagenfurt trade fair .

The city administration, on the other hand, rejected the electrification of the city as well as the acceptance of the railway management in 1896 . It was only after long negotiations that the basis for a power grid was laid, and in 1903 the streets of the city were given electric lighting instead of the incandescent gas light; the horse-drawn tram set up in 1891 was replaced by the electric Klagenfurt tram from 1911 . The railway management, on the other hand, had settled in Villach , which made the western neighbor a "railway town".

The First World War and the consequences

The First World War interrupted the city's rise. After Italy entered the war in 1915, Klagenfurt was not directly on the frontline of the mountain war and was thus spared from immediate war events, but was subsequently flooded by returning soldiers. 2214 Klagenfurters died as soldiers during the war. In addition, the SHS state that emerged after the end of the war claimed parts of southern Carinthia and Lower Styria, citing the Slovene population; its troops crossed the demarcation line and also occupied Klagenfurt on June 6, 1919; For security reasons, the Carinthian provincial government had been temporarily relocated to Spittal and later to St. Veit shortly beforehand. The troops had to withdraw again at the end of July after a referendum on the whereabouts of the disputed areas was ordered at the Paris Peace Conference . The plebiscite of October 10, 1920 finally resulted in a clear majority for Carinthia and the Republic of Austria.

The economic consequences of the war - inflation and high unemployment - initially slowed the development of the city, which at times could not even pay the wages of its employees.

Period of National Socialism and World War II

With the annexation of Austria to the German Reich , Klagenfurt became the capital of the Carinthia district on March 12, 1938 ( Reichsgau from March 1, 1939 ). From October 1, 1938, East Tyrol and, from April 17, 1941, the Mießen Valley, which fell to Yugoslavia in 1918, and parts of Upper Carniola were administered from Klagenfurt. Under the National Socialist Mayor Friedrich von Franz all newspapers were discontinued and replaced by the Carinthian border call . The Neue Platz became Adolf-Hitler-Platz ; numerous other squares and streets were given the names of Nazi leaders.

The young and already small Jewish community in Klagenfurt (1934: 269 religious Jews) was almost completely wiped out during this time. During the Reichspogromnacht of November 9, 1938, people from Klagenfurt ravaged the prayer house in Platzgasse (which was later completely destroyed in a bombing), demolished Jewish apartments and desecrated the Jewish cemetery in St. Ruprecht. The bank accounts of the Jews in Carinthia were blocked, but the money is said to have been used in cooperation with the religious community to cover the travel expenses of the emigrating Jews. Of all Jews who were expelled from Carinthia or who “voluntarily” emigrated, 45 were certain, but probably more, killed: With around a fifth killed, Carinthia is below the overall Austrian average, which is around a third. Most of the Jews who remained in Klagenfurt were later arrested and deported to concentration camps; only a few were able to save themselves after 1939. In 1951 only nine citizens of the Jewish faith lived in Klagenfurt.

On October 15, 1938 the - until then independent community - Sankt Ruprecht and the places Sankt Peter, Annabichl and Sankt Martin as well as parts of the communities Krumpendorf , Lendorf, Hörtendorf , Viktring and Maria Wörth were incorporated. The urban area grew from 618 hectares to 5613 hectares (about nine times as much) and the population rose from 30,000 to over 50,000.

In the district of Lendorf prisoners built from the Mauthausen concentration camp , a barracks and a Junker school for the Waffen-SS . The Klagenfurt-Lendorf subcamp was located in the courtyard of today's Khevenhüller barracks.

After a minor attack by the 9th US Air Force on Klagenfurt Airport in September 1943 , the first bombs fell on built-up urban areas on Sunday, January 16, 1944 at 11:41 a.m. The main targets of attack were the area around the train station and the tobacco factory in Kempfstrasse, where part of the aircraft production from Wiener Neustadt had been relocated. In three waves of attack, 90 bombers dropped around 1200 high explosive bombs over the city. 234 dead, 73 seriously injured and around 1,800 homeless were to be mourned. This attack was followed by 48 more attacks by April 26, 1945, of which 12 were major attacks, in which a total of 2000 tons of bombs were dropped. At the end of the war, 3,413 houses with 9,672 apartments had been destroyed. 60 percent of the apartments in Klagenfurt were destroyed and 510 people were killed. 1665 Klagenfurters died as soldiers during the war.

Post-war and present

On May 8, 1945, British troops reached the city a few hours before units of the Yugoslav armed forces and partisans. The communist leadership of Yugoslavia under Tito , with the support of the Soviet Union under Stalin, claimed Klagenfurt and large parts of Carinthia for themselves, but encountered resistance from the British. However, the British could not prevent residents of the Klagenfurt district from being abducted by Yugoslav partisans. Klagenfurt belonged to the British zone until the end of the occupation in 1955. The English War Cemetery on Lilienthalstrasse is a reminder of this.

Austria's first district heating power plant was built in Klagenfurt in 1947, the first high-rise building was built in 1955, and in 1961 Wiener Gasse and Kramergasse became Austria's first designated pedestrian zone, which was soon expanded to include Alten Platz. The botanical garden , founded in 1862, was relocated in 1958 from Mießalerstraße to the former quarry on Kreuzbergl. The creation of Domplatz by demolishing the Jesuit barracks damaged in the war caused controversial discussions in the 1960s .

Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt and the adjacent Lakeside Science & Technology Park

A focus in the post-war period was the reconstruction and expansion of the school and university system. With the establishment of the Federal High School for Slovenes in 1957, an obligation of the 1955 State Treaty was fulfilled. In addition, further education centers were set up with the aim of offering several training focuses, including the music high school in Viktring and the federal school center in Mössingerstraße, which houses an HTL and a grammar school. In 1970, the University of Education was founded, which then merged into today's University of Klagenfurt .

Through the incorporation of four large neighboring communities ( Viktring , Hörtendorf , Wölfnitz and St. Peter am Bichl with the Ulrichsberg ) as well as some areas of neighboring communities ( Ebenthal , Maria Wörth , Poggersdorf , Liebenfels ), the municipality area became again after 1938 significantly - doubled - and reached its current size of 12,030 ha.

Mosaic coat of arms for the UEFA Euro 2008

On July 3, 2007, the municipal council decided to rename the city of Klagenfurt to Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, which was confirmed by the Carinthian state parliament and came into force on February 1, 2008. It was hoped that this would increase the city's marketing value. Critical voices, however, emphasized that Klagenfurt has only been on the Wörthersee since the beginning of the 20th century through land purchases and has little in common with the Wörthersee in terms of cultural history.

The Wörthersee Stadium was rebuilt between 2006 and 2008 for the European Football Championship in 2008 , and three preliminary round matches were held in the stadium.

In 2015, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee was awarded the honorary title of “ Reformation City of Europe ” by the Community of Evangelical Churches in Europe .

population

As of January 1, 2020, the city of Klagenfurt am Wörthersee had 101,300 inhabitants. On February 22, 2016, the city recorded 100,000 inhabitants for the first time. The city of Klagenfurt's request to incorporate the immediate neighboring communities of Ebenthal in Carinthia and / or Krumpendorf on Lake Wörthersee failed in the past due to the resistance of the local population. By incorporating one or both of the neighboring communities, the population of the city of Klagenfurt am Wörthersee would have risen to over 100,000 much earlier.

Population development

Klagenfurt had around 3,000 inhabitants around 1400, after the expansion in the 16th and 17th centuries it was already 7,500 around 1750, and around 1820 the 10,000-inhabitant mark was exceeded.

When the political communities were formed in 1850, the suburbs came to Klagenfurt, so that the city already had over 15,000 inhabitants in the 1869 census.

In the 20th century, the incorporations of Annabichl, St. Peter, St. Ruprecht and St. Martin in 1938 as well as those of Hörtendorf, Viktring, Wölfnitz and St. Peter / Bichl in 1973 each resulted in a considerable increase in both the urban area and the population.

year	number	Remarks
1780	9,686
1830	12,490
1846	10,352
1857	13,712
1869	15,285
1880	18,747	17,119 German speakers (91.3%), 629 Slovenes (3.4%) - (18,322 Catholics, 310 Protestants, 94 Jews, 21 others)
1890	19,756	18,134 German speakers (91.8%), 723 Slovenes (3.7%) (including garrison) - (19,132 Catholics, 488 Protestants, 115 Jews, 21 others)
1900	24,284	including garrison, 1,671 Slovenes (6.9%)
1910	28,911	25,591 German speakers (88.5%), 1,758 Slovenes (6.1%), 130 others, 1,432 foreigners
1923	27,423
1934	48,973
1939	53,516	43,917 Catholic, 4,334 Protestant, 321 other Christians, 9 Jews
1951	62,782
1961	69,218
1971	82,512	987 Slovenes (1.2%)
1981	87,321	919 Slovenes (1.1%)
1991	89,415
2001	90.141	80,610 German speakers (89.4%), 2,958 Croatians (3.3%), 1,722 Slovenes (1.9%), 966 Serbs (1.1%)
2011	94,383
2018	100,316

Population structure

The proportion of foreigners in 2010 was around 10%, around a third of the foreigners (32.8%) were citizens of the European Union.

13,795 people from Klagenfurt were not born in Austria, which corresponds to a share of 14.8%. The majority of the Klagenfurters born abroad come from the countries of the former Yugoslavia (5799 people or 6.2% of the total population), the second largest group are Germans (2267 people or 2.4%).

According to figures from Statistics Austria, 12,013 of the 97,000 people in Klagenfurt were non-Austrian citizens as of January 1, 2014 (this corresponds to 12.4% of the population in Klagenfurt). 16,056 Klagenfurters were born abroad (this corresponds to 16.6% of the Klagenfurt population). Due to the categorization according to the country of birth, people with a migration background of the second generation (children born in Austria to foreign parents) are not included in these figures.

In the 2001 census, 89.4% of the population gave German as a colloquial language. The second largest language group was Croatian (3.3%), followed by Slovenian (1.9%).

Creeds

A good two thirds of the population of Klagenfurt (2001: 68.8%) profess the Roman Catholic faith. The urban area of Klagenfurt is assigned to 18 Catholic parishes, 16 of which are grouped together in the Klagenfurt-Stadt deanery , one each in the Klagenfurt-Land or Tainach deanery:

Deanery Klagenfurt-Stadt :

Parish Ebental "Mariahilf" (mostly in the Klagenfurt-Land district)
Parish Klagenfurt-Annabichl
Cathedral parish Klagenfurt-St.Peter and Paul
Parish Klagenfurt-Don Bosco
City parish Klagenfurt-St. Egid
Parish Klagenfurt-St. Hemma
Parish Klagenfurt-St. Jakob on the road
Parish Klagenfurt-St. Josef Siebenhügel
Parish Klagenfurt-St. Martin

Parish Klagenfurt-St. Modestus
Parish Klagenfurt-St. Peter
Parish Klagenfurt-St. Ruprecht
Parish Klagenfurt-St. Theresia
Parish Klagenfurt-Welzenegg Heart of Jesus
Parish St. Georgen am Sandhof
Parish Viktring-Stein
Parish of Wölfnitz
Pastoral center for Slovenes Cyril and Method / Župnija sv. Cirila in Metoda

Deanery Klagenfurt-Land: Parish St. Martin am Ponfeld
Deanery Tainach: Parish St. Thomas am Zeiselberg (mostly in the Klagenfurt-Land district, but also includes the Klagenfurt district of Hörtendorf with the St. Margarethen branch church)

7.5% of the population profess to the Evangelical Churches AB and HB . The two Protestant parishes of Klagenfurt ( St. John's Church and Christ Church ) belong to the superintendent of Carinthia and East Tyrol , based in Villach. In addition, 3.0% of the population profess Islam , 1.5% the Orthodox Church and 0.6% each of the Jehovah's Witnesses and the Old Catholic Church ( St. Mark's Church ). Further, based in Klagenfurt faith communities are the Free Baptist church , the Pentecostal church , the Evangelical Church, the Free Evangelical community, the Serbian Orthodox church , the Seventh-day Adventist Church , the New Apostolic Church and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints .

Memorial plaque on the site of the former Jewish prayer house. Hebrew text:
In eternal memory
“The place you stand on is holy ground”
The synagogue, which was maliciously destroyed by the criminal Nazis during the terrible Kristallnacht
in 1938 , stood here as a small shrine.
We also remember the Jewish inhabitants of our city who died in the Second World War were murdered - God will avenge his blood.

Of the former Jewish community (1934: 269 members, 1951: 9, 1968: 15), only the small Israelite cemetery in St. Ruprecht and a memorial plaque in Platzgasse 3, where the former prayer house was located, testify today devastated by the November pogroms in 1938 and later destroyed by bombs. The few citizens of the Jewish faith still living in Klagenfurt today belong administratively to the Graz community .

16.1% of the citizens of Klagenfurt have no religious beliefs.

Culture and sights

theatre

City Theater Klagenfurt

The Stadttheater Klagenfurt gained supraregional importance under its directors Herbert Wochinz (1968–1992) and Dietmar Pflegerl (1992–2007), who both relied not only on tried and tested stage classics - in drama and opera - but also numerous world premieres and premieres brought out. The theater building was built in 1908 for the 60th anniversary of the reign of Franz Joseph I von Fellner and Helmer, with the same floor plan as those in Gießen and Gablonz and inaugurated in 1910.

The “Napoleonstadl”, formerly a props depot, is used for experimental theater. In the “Volxhaus” and “Artecielo” buildings, semi-professional groups offer off-off-Broadway-style productions . The Klagenfurt ensemble (director Gerhard Lehner) shows contemporary spoken and music theater in the theater HALLE 11 .

In the 2000s and 2010s, Klagenfurt made headlines with the Wörtherseebühne , an open-air stage right on the Wörthersee. It wasn't just about reports about performances worth seeing, but often about political and economic discussions until the floating stage was demolished in September 2015.

Museums

State Museum

The Carinthian State Museum "Rudolfinum" is not only the largest museum in the city and the country, but also an important scientific institution thanks to the attached state library , the scientific staff and its own publishing house. The exhibition shows collections from archeology, art and history, folklore, botany, zoology, geology and mineralogy as well as a collection of musical instruments.
Since its opening in 1996, the Stadtgalerie Klagenfurt has presented classic modern art as well as the latest art in temporary exhibitions. Works by Klimt , Schiele , Kokoschka , Morandi , Feininger , Man Ray , Jean-Michel Basquiat , Paul Klee , Daniel Spoerri , Jean Tinguely , Meret Oppenheim and Max Ernst were presented .
The Museum of Modern Art Carinthia (formerly “Kärntner Landesgalerie”) shows individual and themed exhibitions on modern and contemporary art on around 1000 m² of exhibition space. One of the focal points of the exhibition is the collections of the State of Carinthia. They include works by both regionally and internationally important names of the 20th and 21st centuries, such as Hans Bischoffshausen , Kiki Kogelnik , Maria Lassnig , Hermann Nitsch , Hans Staudacher and, as a representative of the youngest generation, Hans Schabus . The castle chapel can be used by young artists as a project space; objects and sculptures are exhibited in the arcade.
The mining museum presents the history of Carinthian mining on around 3000 m² of exhibition space. The museum, opened in 1973, is located in a 500-meter-long tunnel in Kreuzbergl , which served as an air raid shelter during World War II . Exhibition exhibits include numerous minerals and precious metals as well as a mint. On November 1, 2015, the museum was closed for financial reasons, it is unclear whether it will reopen.
Thomas Koschat was a composer and poet and founded the first quintets of the Vienna Court Opera (also known as "Koschat-Quintets"), with which he had international success. The Koschat Museum is a memorial with an archive, photographs, manuscripts and personal items.
The house where the novelist Robert Musil was born is now a literary museum with permanent exhibitions on himself as well as on Christine Lavant and Ingeborg Bachmann . Documentations, photographs, manuscripts can be seen as well as a library with works by the three authors.
The diocesan museum formerly next to the cathedral church, since 2014 in Gurk, is the oldest of its kind in Austria. It shows rare treasures of sacred art from Carinthia from the Middle Ages to the 18th century with treasures such as the oldest colored glass window in Austria, the “Magdalenenscheibe” from Weitensfeld from 1170.
Gustav Mahler spent several summers on the east bay of Lake Wörth near Maiernigg, doing intensive composition work. Some of his most famous works were created in what is now a small museum, known as the "Gustav Mahler composing house", in a forest clearing above the lake.
The Ehrental Agricultural Museum shows an extensive collection of old farm equipment. Various special exhibitions take place every year.
The Eboardmuseum displays over 800 electronic keyboard instruments. It was founded in 1987 as the keyboard museum by Gert Prix and renamed in 2003. The instruments are exhibited on 500 m² and can also be played.
Virtual School Museum Klagenfurt
Museumsbahn Lendcanaltramway , City Transport Museum and Museum of Cinema in and around the former ORF medium wave transmitter at Lendkanal.
Planetarium Klagenfurt with - since March 2015 - new 8K star projector on the Lend Canal.
The wissens.wert.welt is a modern hands-on museum in Klagenfurt / Carinthia for those aged six and over. Contents from art, culture, science, technology and social issues are conveyed in an age-appropriate manner using the “hands on, minds on” method. The mobile part - the “kidsmobil” - is unique about the “hands-on museum”. This mobile hands-on museum - so far the only one of its kind in Austria - is in schools across Carinthia. Another special feature of the Klagenfurt facility is the timeframe for cultural mediation. The programs last between three and four hours and can be booked mobile (via kidsmobil) and stationary (in the blue cube). In the stationary part - the blue cube - there is an animation workshop, sound and television studio. Here visitors' own ideas are implemented and short animated films, sound recordings or television programs are designed.

Cinemas

Carinthia-Kino (formerly, in Ehrentaler Straße)
Cine-City (new Heidemarie-Hatheyer-Platz 1; on Völkermarkter Straße)
Heide-Lichtspiele (formerly, on the Heide / Haidach, in the east of Klagenfurt)
Chamber light plays in Adlergasse (formerly), now "Jazz Club"
Kino im Burghof (has been held annually in the Burghof since 1975 - with a break)
Peterhof-Kino (formerly, Ramsauerstraße 7; on the right just before the junction with Völkermarkter Straße in a guest garden)
Prechtl-Kino (formerly, until 1971, 10th October Street 25; today's Hermagoras House)
City Theater (formerly, during the Second World War)
Volkskino (founded 1926; still exists as an alternative cinema; in St. Ruprecht Strasse)
Wulfenia cinema (still exists)

Buildings

Sacred building

Klagenfurt Cathedral

The most important churches in the city are the Klagenfurt Cathedral , which was built in 1581 , the cathedral church of the Gurk diocese , and the Klagenfurt-St. Egid . One of the oldest sacred buildings in Klagenfurt is the Church of the Holy Spirit on the western edge of the city center. With the Viktring Abbey, there is also a former monastery in what is now the city. It was donated by the city founder Bernhard von Spanheim in 1142 and abolished in 1786. The former monastery buildings are now used by the BRG Viktring , the former collegiate church serves as the parish church. The old village churches in the districts of Lendorf and St. Peter am Bichl contain Romanesque frescoes and precious Carolingian wickerwork stones. The two gable stones of St. Peter am Bichl with the three-striped so-called Lombard pattern ornament from around 900 AD are not only famous in the entire professional world

In addition to the numerous Catholic church buildings, there are also two Protestant churches, the Johanneskirche on the Lend Canal and the Christ Church in the east of the city.

Secular buildings

Country house Klagenfurt

The historically most important secular building in Klagenfurt is the Klagenfurt country house . It was built by the state estates in the last third of the 16th century and is now the seat of the Carinthian state parliament . The Old and New Town Hall are located in the two central squares of the city, the Old and New Square . Both buildings were erected in the 17th century and exchanged with the Orsini-Rosenberg family in 1918 , with the New Town Hall until then and the Old Town Hall since then bearing the name Palais Rosenberg . The Episcopal Palace , Mariannengasse No. 2, was built in 1769–1776 as a residence for Archduchess Maria Anna, a daughter of Empress Maria Theresa.

Notable examples of modern architecture are the buildings of the Carinthian State Archives and the Hypo-Group-Alpe-Adria -Zentrum.

Maria-Loretto Castle

There are also around 20 castles in today's urban area. Most of the buildings erected as mansions in the city's heyday in the 16th century by estates and wealthy citizens are all outside the city center and are now mostly privately owned. Only a few of the castles are open to the public. B. one of the most famous among them, the Maria-Loretto Castle on Lake Wörthersee .

Castle complexes no longer exist in today's Klagenfurt. Soon after the city was re-founded (1246) in 1258 and 1268, castellans and a castle are mentioned in documents, but nothing is known about their location today. A second castle was probably on the site of the country house built in 1574. Some of the Klagenfurt castles were also built on the site of medieval castles. The MMKK art museum is located in the only building in the city, which is now called the “castle” - see castle (Klagenfurt am Wörthersee) - which does not go back to such a building, but was the official residence of the burgrave .

Monuments and fountains

Lindworm Fountain

Lindwurm / Lindwurmbrunnen

The most famous monument in Klagenfurt is the Lindwurmbrunnen on Neuer Platz , an important example of Mannerism .

Spanheiner monument

The Spanheimer memorial on Arthur-Lemisch-Platz is dedicated to the founder of the city, Bernhard von Spanheim .

Trinity column / plague column

Another eye-catching monument in the city center is the Holy Trinity Column on Alter Platz: It was erected in gratitude for the end of a plague epidemic and, after the victory over the Turks outside Vienna in 1683, it was supplemented by a cross and a reclining crescent moon.

Wörthersee-Mandl

A very popular photo motif is the "Wörtherseemandl" by Heinz Goll in the pedestrian zone, which is about the legend of the Wörthersee.

Fluder memorial

A curiosity is Klagenfurt's last surviving “ Fluder ” (actually a wooden water channel) in the Schillerpark. Several brick floodplains on the Feuerbach, which once flowed openly through the old town, served as public washing places. A last, elegantly bricked Fluder was located as a fountain in front of the Kleinmayr print shop and was demolished when it was redesigned into the current “town house” and later rebuilt in the nearby Schillerpark. However, the Feuerbach never flowed there.

Other monuments without description

Lemisch Monument (Artur-Lemisch-Platz)
Monument to Domenico dell'Allio (October 10th Street)
Achterjäger-Monument (Achterjäger-Park)
Georg Bucher Monument (Achterjäger Park)
City relief (Domplatz)
Deported Monument (Domplatz)
Memorial of the Victims for a Free Austria (Annabichl Cemetery)
Zill memorial stone (Zillhöhe)
Gebirgsschützen-Monument (Volunteer Rifle Park)
Hülgerth Monument (Hülgerth Park)
Koschat Monument (Viktinger Ring)
Kink monument (Kreuzbergl, under the control of GH. Schweizerhaus)
Rauscher Memorial Stone (Rauscher Park)
Schiller Monument (Schiller Park)
Schubert Monument (Schubert Park)
Wilfan Monument (Schubert Park)
1938 memorial (in front of the university)
Wulfen memorial (Völkermarkter Ring; in front of the Europagymnasium)
Kudlich monument (near Krastowitz Castle)

Hospitals

Klagenfurt Clinic , Feschnigstrasse 11
General public hospital of the Elisabethinen , Völkermarkter Straße 15-19
Accident Hospital Klagenfurt , Waidmannsdorferstrasse 35
Maria Hilf Klagenfurt Private Clinic, Radetzkystraße 35
Rehabilitation Clinic for Mental Health and Prevention, Grete-Bittner- Strasse 40

Parks

Until the withdrawal of the French troops in 1809, the state capital had city walls with moats in the shape of a square and a side length of about one kilometer, which enclosed the old town center. After the fortifications were removed, the four ring roads with numerous parks named after poets and composers were created instead. The Koschatpark was created on the Viktringer Ring, named after the Carinthian song prince Thomas Koschat , within the Villacher Ring the park created on the city moat that was filled in in 1900 was first called Stadtpark, but was given the name of the city park at the beginning of 1905 on the 100th anniversary of the death of Friedrich Schiller by the Schillerpark municipal council named. At the corner of Villacher Ring and St. Veiter Ring, the open space Goethepark was named after the German literary classic Johann Wolfgang von Goethe . To the east is the Schubert Park, named after the famous Austrian Romantic composer Franz Schubert . And also on Völkermarkter Ring in the east you will find green spaces, for example in front of the concert hall or the federal high school, where the Schiller bust from the Schillerpark is now set up. At the inner corner of Völkermarkter and Sankt Veiter Ring is the Rauscherpark , named after a writer from Klagenfurt who was born next to it and which has been shining in new splendor since 2006 following redesign work.

Europapark Klagenfurt / lido

The Europa Park is with its size of approximately 22 hectares of not only the largest park in Klagenfurt, but also one of the largest parks in Austria. It is located in the immediate vicinity of Lake Wörthersee in a triangle between the Klagenfurt lido , the Lend Canal and the Minimundus miniature park . The name is supposed to symbolize the cosmopolitanism of the city, which is also supported by flags of the various partner cities. The Happ reptile zoo is in the immediate vicinity of the Minimundus .

The Hülgerth Park is located east of Sankt-Ruprecht-Strasse in the VII. District "Viktringer Vorstadt" and shows a bust of Lieutenant Field Marshal Ludwig Hülgerth .

The Maria-Theresia-Park in the 8th district “Villacher Vorstadt” lies between the orphanage barracks and Herbertstraße, is bordered by Lerchenfeldstraße to the west and Deutenhofenstraße to the east. In the western part there is a monument in honor of the infantry regiment "Graf von Khevenhüller No. 7" (1691–1918).

Botanical garden at the foot of the Kreuzbergl

On the occasion of Emperor Franz Joseph's visit to Klagenfurt in 1850, the “ Kreuzbergl ” nature park was built on the grounds of the “Wölfnitzberg” according to the plans of the knight Martin von Kink, with a large festival meadow (“playground”), observation tower (today observatory), hiking trails and Ponds.

Also on Kreuzbergl is the botanical garden, laid out in a former quarry in 1958 and looked after by the Carinthian State Museum .

Final resting places

graveyards

The city's first two cemeteries were located around the city parish church and the Heiligengeistkirche, where numerous plague victims were buried in the area of the Hl.-Geist-Platz. Both fell victim to urban development measures. There was also a cemetery behind the Bürgerspitalkirche . After its abandonment, the Botanical Garden of Klagenfurt was located on this site, then the Lapidarium of the State Museum of Carinthia. An administrative building of the Office of the Carinthian Provincial Government has stood there since 2007. Another cemetery, of which one no longer notices, was east of the cathedral (serves as a parking lot during official hours).

Central cemetery Annabichl with the grave of the artist Switbert Lobisser

Graves in the Commonwealth War Cemetery

The oldest cemetery in Klagenfurt still in existence today is that in St. Ruprecht, to which the Jewish cemetery is directly connected. The largest cemetery among the city's 15 cemeteries is the Annabichl Central Cemetery . There are seven municipal and Catholic parish cemeteries as well as a war cemetery from the British occupation:

Central Cemetery Annabichl (Magistrate)
Emmersdorf Cemetery (Karnburg Parish)
Großbuch cemetery (Tigring parish)
Hörtendorf Cemetery (Magistrate)
Lendorf Cemetery (Lendorf Parish)
St. Andrä Cemetery (Magistrate)
St. Georgen am Sandhof cemetery (Magistrate)
St. Jakob an der Strasse cemetery (Magistrat)
St. Martin Cemetery (St. Martin Parish)
St. Martin am Ponfeld cemetery (Tigring parish)
St. Peter's Cemetery (Magistrate)
St. Peter am Bichl cemetery (Zweikirchen parish)
St. Ruprecht Cemetery (Magistrate)
Stein-Viktring cemetery (magistrate)
Commonwealth War Cemetery (English War Cemetery)
Israelitischer Friedhof in St. Ruprecht (Magistrat, Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Graz)

Former cemeteries

Parish square
Heiligengeistplatz
East of the cathedral
South of the Bürgerspitalkirche
At the Guardian Angel Church (north of St. Veiter Ring)
At Harbach Monastery

Crypts (unless in cemeteries)

Cathedral (Bishop's Crypt, Canon Crypt)
Elisabethinenkirchen
Holy Spirit Church
Krastowitz / St. Ulrich church / crypt of the Kaiserstein
Seltenheim / Windischgrätz crypt
City parish church St. Egid / Julian Green

Peace forest

Junction Sattnitzbauerstraße / Quellenstraße (urn burial under trees)

Regular events

Readings and discussions about the Ingeborg Bachmann Prize take place in Klagenfurt every year. Authors, literary critics, literary scholars, journalists and publishers from all over the world meet at this event in Klagenfurt.

In the summer months, musicians from all over the world come to the former Cistercian monastery Viktring every year . This is where the Viktring Music Forum takes place, where musicians meet for master classes, workshops and concerts. As part of the music forum, the international composition prize of the music forum and the Gustav Mahler composition prize are awarded.

Another event in early summer is the “Wörthersee Classics” festival in the concert hall. This series of concerts features orchestras and soloists from the top international field of classical music.

In July there is the legendary World Bodypainting Festival in the Norbert-Artner-Park behind the Künstlerhaus. The unique live paintings, the World Bodypainting Award and well-known international music acts are among the fixed points of this event.

In the Lendhafen , the Lendhauer Association organizes the harbor festival and many other events over the summer, such as concerts, readings as part of the Ingeborg Bachmann Prize, alternatively radio and art installations.

The “Kontaktna leča - Kontaklinse” festival has existed since 1981 and is organized for Slovenes by students from the BG / BRG. This festival, which can be assigned to the subculture and youth culture, is intended to bring young people from both ethnic groups in Carinthia together.

On the second weekend in August, the old town magic takes place, which is one of the largest events in the state capital. Street performers and live bands from jazz to blues, rock, soul and funk in the squares and in some inner courtyards of the old town attract tens of thousands of visitors every year. Around the Domplatzen there is the traditional flea and trade market during this event, which is one of the largest flea markets in Austria.

From May 2020 the “Klagenfurt Festival” will take place for ten days. This cultural festival with a wide range of music, readings, theater and performances in public places is intended to commemorate the legendary times of the "Week of Encounter", which took place until 1995. There will be several venues from the Neuer Platz, the Burghof and the ORF theater, to the exhibition car park and the city theater.

Advent time is on the Neuer Platz Christmas Market held.

Sports

Klagenfurt is a regular venue for various international sporting events.

Triathlon

The IRONMAN Austria is up to 3000 participants, one of the largest triathlon (after Challenge Roth and the Hamburg triathlon ) in Europe. The Carinthia half marathon has been held every year in August since 2002.

beach volleyball

In Weltmeisterschafts- and Major Series tournaments of beach volleyball FIVB World Tour the best beach volleyball players were 1996-2016 regularly in the world in Klagenfurt lido against each other.

Soccer

The Wörtherseestadion in the south of the city was rebuilt on the occasion of the EM 2008.

In summer 2008, the Wörthersee Stadium was the venue for three preliminary round matches of the 2008 European Football Championship . Austria Klagenfurt's home games also take place there, as was Austria Kärnten's until 2010 . In football, SK Austria Carinthia represented Klagenfurt in Austria's top division from 2007 to the end of the 2009/10 season . The SAK Klagenfurt , the “Slovenski atletski klub”, which was founded in 1970 as a student football club of the BRG for Slovenes, plays in the fourth-class Carinthia regional league . Up until the 2008/09 season, the 2001 ÖFB Cup winner, FC Kärnten, was represented there, but had to stop playing in January 2009 due to ongoing financial problems.

ice Hockey

Klagenfurt has a very successful ice hockey team, the 31-time Austrian record champions EC KAC , who play their home games in the ice sports center .

billiards

Several successful billiard clubs are based in Klagenfurt . The PBC Eintracht Klagenfurt is the Austrian record champions with five titles and has produced two top international players in World Champion Jasmin Ouschan and World Champion Albin Ouschan Junior. The 1st PBC Meran Klagenfurt was three times Austrian champion, the BC Standard Klagenfurt once. Meran and Standard currently play in the second-rate regional league .

Others

The United World Games (UWG) take place in May each year, where over 10,000 young athletes compete against one another in various disciplines.
Another club located in Klagenfurt is the KAC Floorball , which currently plays in the 1st Austrian Floorball Bundesliga.
The two traditional rowing clubs “Albatros” and “Nautilus” have their club houses on the north-eastern shore of Lake Wörthersee.
The top-class American football club Carinthian Black Lions and the top-class basketball club Kelag Wörthersee Piraten are also based in Klagenfurt . The Wörthersee Ice Skating Club is dedicated to the sports of figure skating , speed skating and roller figure skating , but is best known for its maintenance of natural ice surfaces on numerous Carinthian waters.

In addition to the Slovensko Planinsko Društvo, a group of friends of nature and the Klagenfurt ÖAV section are represented as alpine clubs .

The city has been taking popular sports into account for decades with the Klagenfurt Sports Days.

With HC Kärnten Klagenfurt Wörthersee, the state capital is also represented in the sport of handball, which currently plays in the second-class handball Bundesliga Austria .

Economy and Infrastructure

Statistics: Number of workplaces and employees - Resident companies

Dilapidated “straw villa” on Rosentaler Straße, meanwhile demolished

Klagenfurt is Carinthia's most important business location. 22% of the Carinthian commercial enterprises and 20% of the Carinthian industrial enterprises are located in the state capital.

As of May 15, 2001, 63,618 people were employed in 6,184 companies in Klagenfurt, 33 of whom are large companies with more than 200 employees each. The register census by Statistics Austria of October 31, 2011 shows an increasing number of workplaces and employees for the city of Klagenfurt. In 2011 there were 8,832 workplaces (companies) and 71,140 employees (including 65,623 employees) in Klagenfurt. 10,495 out-commuters are compared to 35,654 in-commuters.

The economic focus is on light industry, medium-sized trading and commercial enterprises and tourism. Several international companies such as Siemens and Philips have also settled in Klagenfurt . Kärntner Elektrizitätsgesellschaft AG ( Kelag ) is a major company with its corporate headquarters in Klagenfurt .

A centerpiece of Klagenfurt and Carinthia's economic policy is the right next to the Alpen-Adria University located Lakeside Science & Technology Park . Due to its location, the technology park enables very close cooperation between business and research (university, FH ) and aims to establish Carinthia and Klagenfurt as a high-tech location. Klagenfurt is also the location of two well-known beverage producers, the fruit juice manufacturer Pago and the spirits factory Stroh Austria . Another important employer are the municipal companies Stadtwerke Klagenfurt and Energie Klagenfurt , which are responsible for the city's bus transport in addition to the energy and water supply. In 2018, Kostwein Maschinenbau GmbH and its subsidiaries achieved a turnover of 191.5 million euros with 1,144 employees worldwide.

media

Klagenfurt is also the location of several media companies.

Print media

Today the Kleine Zeitung is the most widely read newspaper in Carinthia

The entrepreneur Josef Ignaz von Kleinmayr started printing the “Wochesame Intellektivenblatt” (the later “Klagenfurter Zeitung”) from 1770, with the publication of Carinthia from 1811 onwards, the Kleinmayr family published the oldest scientific journal in the German-speaking world that still exists today. Historical daily newspapers published in Klagenfurt in the 1920s and 1930s were the “Klagenfurter Zeitung”, the Christian-social “Klagenfurter Tagblatt” (from 1871), the “Free Voice” with a large German tendency, the social democratic “workers will” (published in Graz) and ab 1932 the National Socialist propaganda organ “Der Vormarsch”. In the period after the “Anschluss” in 1938, the “ Kärntner Grenzruf ” was the only official newspaper. After the Second World War, the Allies allowed the “ Volkszeitung ” (ÖVP), the “Neue Zeit” (SPÖ, from 1965 “ Kärntner Tageszeitung ” (KTZ; discontinued in 2014)) and the “ Volkswillen ” (KPÖ) as daily newspapers. In 1954 the Klagenfurt location of the Kleine Zeitung was established, which is now the most widely read newspaper in Carinthia.

Today (2014) there is a regional edition of the Kronenzeitung, the “Kärntner Krone”, in addition to the Kleine Zeitung. The free weekly newspaper “ Kärntner Woche”, which has been part of the Ring der Regionalmedien Austria since 2009, has been published since 1996 , and the Slovenian-language weekly newspaper “ Novice ” has been published by the Klagenfurt publisher SloMedia since 2003 .

broadcast

RAVAG ( Radio Verkehrs AG ) was the first radio station to start broadcasting in 1924, and an intermediate station was set up in Klagenfurt in 1927. After 1945, Radio Klagenfurt belonged to the Alpenland broadcasting group in the British zone under the patronage of "British Information Services" with Radio Graz and a station in Schönbrunn. It first had to organize its broadcasts in the Kreuzbergl air raid shelter built in 1942, later the mining museum May 8, 1945 at 7:30 pm the "Freie Landessender Klagenfurt" reported and announced the surrender of the German Reich , which had previously been announced by the Reichsender Flensburg .

It was not until 1953 that the radio makers, who had often suffered from nausea and headaches as a result of insufficient oxygen supply in the tunnel, received a new broadcasting facility in Sponheimerstrasse with broadcasting facilities that made the Klagenfurt transmitter the most modern broadcasting company in Austria. On 15 March 1954, which closed station group alpine country with the broadcasting group Red-White-Red and Radio Vienna to ORF together, which in the state capital, a regional studio has that produces the "Radio Carinthia" regional program and the Slovene "Radio dva".

Primarily the Slovene-speaking ethnic group is served by the private radio station Radio Agora of the association Arbeitsgemeinschaft open radio in Klagenfurt. The private radio provider Antenne Kärnten is also based in Klagenfurt.

telecommunications

Fixed line telephony and telephone booths have been largely supplemented by mobile telephony and displaced to a significant extent.

After many private commercial buildings and accommodation providers are already offering mostly indoors and often freely accessible WiFi networks, in mid-2018 the municipal utilities are going to equip five heavily frequented public places and two of their own swimming pools with free WiFi as internet access for mobile devices.

Markets and fairs

Markets

Market on Benediktinerplatz

The interior of the City-Arkaden

The most important market square in Klagenfurt is Benediktinerplatz, formerly also called Herzogplatz, which in 1948 replaced Alten Platz as the central market square in the city center. A weekly market takes place here twice a week, offering food such as vegetables, fruits, honey, meat, fish and poultry. Some of the “standers” no longer come only from Klagenfurt's surroundings, but even from beyond the national borders. In the middle of the square, a copy of the Klagenfurt Freyung is attached to a lantern column. The market judge's sword, originally from the 18th century, is a legal monument that is a symbol of market organization and market freedom. The “ Steinerne Fischer ” ( Stone Fisherman ) has stood on the edge of the square since 1988 , the landmark of the fish market that was held on Heiligengeistplatz until 1925.

In addition, the city has had its own ECE shopping center, the City-Arkaden Klagenfurt, since 2006 . There are 120 shops on almost 30,000 square meters of retail space available to visitors. This inner city shopping center was the first of its kind in Austria.

measure up

13 specialist and public fairs take place in Klagenfurt every year, e.g. B. the “International Wood Fair”, the “GAST”, the “Agricultural Fair”, the “Weidwerk & Fischweid”, the “Leisure”, the “Autumn Fair” and the “Family Fair” with the “Healthy Living”.

traffic

Road traffic

A 2 north bypass in front of the Falkenberg tunnel

The south autobahn A2 runs past Klagenfurt , which is particularly important for the city as a connection towards Vienna and Villach (north bypass). Much of the motorway near Klagenfurt was designed as a tunnel . You can get to Slovenia to the south either directly over the Loibl Pass or through the toll-based Karawanken tunnel with a detour via Villach .

Local public transport

Local public transport in the urban area is now only carried out with regular buses from the Klagenfurt municipal utilities . From 1891 Klagenfurt also had a tram network with lines to the train station , Annabichl , Kreuzbergl and the lido on Lake Wörthersee ; the last tram line was shut down in 1963. From August 1944 to April 1963 trolleybuses also drove to St. Peter, to Kreuzbergl and from the “See” tram stop to Krumpendorf .

railroad

Klagenfurt Central Station after the renovation

The importance of Klagenfurt as a railway junction lags behind that of Villachs. Klagenfurt is on the important Vienna – Villach route , further routes go south to Rosenbach ( Rosentalbahn ), to the east to Lavanttal (via Jauntalbahn and Lavanttalbahn ) and to Maribor via Bleiburg on the Drautalbahn .

The Koralmbahn to Klagenfurt after completion of Graz and on to Vienna tie. Work on this high-performance rail link is currently in progress.

In the city there are the following train stations and stops that are integrated into the Carinthia S-Bahn network:

Klagenfurt main train station
Klagenfurt Annabichl
Klagenfurt-Durchlaßstrasse (planned)
Klagenfurt Ostbahnhof
Klagenfurt Ebenthal
Klagenfurt industrial zone east (planned)
Klagenfurt Lend
Klagenfurt West
Klagenfurt Viktring (closed)
Klagenfurt South

Underpasses

At the Walk (only for pedestrians and cyclists)
Passage road (only for pedestrians and cyclists)
Ebentaler Strasse
Egger-Lienz-Weg
Airport road
Friedlstrand (only for pedestrians)
Josef-Sablatnig-Strasse
Load road
Cargo road (west of it; only for pedestrians and cyclists)
Pichler-Manndorf-Strasse
Pischeldorfer Strasse
Rosentaler Strasse
at St. Jakober Strasse
St. Peter Street
St. Ruprecht Street
Stiftkogelstrasse
Straschitzer Strasse
Südring (Rosentaler Bahn and Koralmbahn)
Guardian Street

Flyovers

A2 at Minimundus
Glan (also for walking / cycling)
Heinzelstraße (only for pedestrians)
Villacher Strasse with the Lend Canal

Level crossings

These - mostly colloquially referred to as "railway translations" - are becoming increasingly rare. Still preserved today:

Bahnstrasse
Meisengasse
Mössingerstrasse
Sonnwendgasse
Waidmannsdorfer Strasse

Airport

Departure Terminal 1

The Klagenfurt airport was opened in 1925 instead of a 1914-built military airfield and operated the first connection of Austria (Klagenfurt-Wien-Klagenfurt). Today, with around 217,000 passengers (2017), it is the smallest of the six commercial airports in Austria . Mainly Austrian and German destinations are served, as well as a few other European cities.

Supply and disposal

District heating

Stadtwerke Klagenfurt will build a biomass power plant to supply district heating by 2017/2018 . The previous district heating plant a little (north) east of the city center will be converted (from coal or oil) to gas and will only serve to cover peak loads in the future, for example in extremely cold winters. The brick chimney that has stood there so far is still the second tallest building in the city at 85 m and has colored decorative rings on top. Although intact, it will be removed from above after the 2017/2018 heating season and replaced with a new building.

Education and Social

Universities

Foyer, main building of the University of Klagenfurt (2018)

The Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt is located in the city with locations on Universitätsstraße ( University Campus in St. Martin ), Sterneckstraße ( Villacher Vorstadt ) and Bahnhofstraße and Kempfstraße ( Inner City ) as well as the focus areas "Information Technology and Digital Transformation Management" , "Network Technology and Communication" and "MedIT" from the Carinthia University of Applied Sciences in Primoschgasse and at the Klagenfurt Clinic . The Carinthia University of Education (Viktor Frankl University) and the Gustav Mahler Private University for Music are also located in Klagenfurt . Carinthia thus has a university educational institution for music and drama. With two universities, Klagenfurt is the southernmost German-speaking university location.

schools

There are a total of 44 general compulsory schools , of which 22 are elementary schools and 13 are new middle schools , as well as 9 general higher schools.

The schools have different specializations, training levels and educational concepts, for example the Europagymnasium as the second oldest grammar school in Austria with a focus on European languages, the Bundesrealgymnasium Klagenfurt-Viktring with a focus on music, the BG / BRG Mössingerstraße, the Ingeborg-Bachmann-Gymnasium , the BG / BRG for Slovenes ( UNESCO project school ), the BG / BRG for working people on Ferdinand-Jergitsch-Straße, the BG / BRG Lerchenfeld with a focus on sport and the Klagenfurt am Wörthersee commercial academy with lessons in Slovenian and German. There are two higher technical institutes, the HTL1 Klassenstraße , founded in 1861 , and the HTL Mössingerstraße , which was spun off in 1988 .

There is also a Montessori private school and a Waldorf school . In the school center of the Ursulines on Heiligengeistplatz with kindergarten, after-school care, elementary school and new middle school, the Episcopal Real and Upper School of the Diocese of Gurk is housed. Klagenfurt also has a school for health and nursing care, which is the only institution of its kind in Carinthia after Villach .

Klagenfurt does not have its own city library , but the Klagenfurt University Library , the Carinthian State Library in the Carinthian State Museum , the library of the Carinthian Chamber of Labor at the main train station and a public library in the Viktring district as well as a Slovenian depository library as part of the Mladinski dom (Slovenian student residence) in Klagenfurt -Sankt Peter in the Mikschallee 4.

One of the city's Slovenian cultural centers: the Mladinski dom

Klagenfurt has always been the political and cultural center and home of Carinthian Slovenes . Today there are a number of educational institutions in Klagenfurt which, among other things, were set up due to the constitutionally granted rights and increasingly serve as intercultural meeting places for all citizens of the country.

These include the Bundesgymnasium and Bundesrealgymnasium for Slovenes ( Zvezna gimnazija in Zvezna realna gimnazija za Slovence ), the bilingual Federal Trade Academy located in the same building complex, the public bilingual primary school 24 ( Javna dvojezična ljudska šola: 24 ) in St. Peter šola šola . the private kindergarten Naš otrok in the city center in the building complex of the Hermagoras Verein and, since 1984, the kindergarten Sonce in St. Peter (as part of the Mladinski dom ). After-school care offers complete the offer. The Slovenian Carinthian Music School ( Glasbena šola na Koroškem ) is also located in Mikschallee 4 .

Retirement and nursing homes

The city of Klagenfurt offers the Hülgerthpark urban retirement homes for senior citizens. In addition, Caritas , Diakonie and other private organizations operate old people's and nursing homes.

Science and Research

The research facilities in Klagenfurt are essentially bundled on a common campus , which consists of the university campus of the Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt and the neighboring Lakeside Science & Technology Park . The Lakeside Park houses the Lakeside Labs , a robotics research institute from Joanneum Research , Fraunhofer Austria Research GmbH and various industrial research and development facilities. The University of Klagenfurt ranks 52nd among the best young universities in the world in THE Young University Rankings 2020.

Security and emergency services

Public order office

The Klagenfurt Public Order Office monitors stationary traffic and takes action in the event of administrative violations . The employees are allowed to determine the identity and also issue penal orders.

police

State Police Department Carinthia

At the beginning of St.-Ruprecht Strasse with the Buchengasse entrance is the Carinthia State Police Directorate (LPD) and the Klagenfurt City Police Command (SPK) . The State Police Directorate is home to the State Control Center (LLZ) , the State Criminal Police Office (LKA) and the State Office for the Protection of the Constitution and Combating Terrorism (LVT) . The city police command includes the city control center (SLS) , the traffic inspection , the police detention center , the operative criminal service and a police inspection . There are also five other police stations in Klagenfurt at the Landhaushof , in Villacher Strasse , in Viktring , Sankt Peter and at the airport in Annabichl , where the Klagenfurt motorway police station is also located, while the Klagenfurt traffic station is at 33 Morogasse. Since 2003 there has also been a branch of the Cobra Task Force in Klagenfurt . The Klagenfurt police are carrying out reinforced patrols, especially on weekends, to make Klagenfurt's "Bermuda Triangle" in the area of Herrengasse safer.

Judiciary

A large building complex between the Stadttheater and Heuplatz houses the Klagenfurt Regional Court with duties of first and second instance, the public prosecutor's office and in between, with access from Purtscherstraße, the Klagenfurt Prison with a covering capacity of 340 inmates, which is used for the execution of detainees on remand, offenders, and financial and administrative offenders . JA Klagenfurt has a branch in Sankt Georgen am Längsee as well as an open-air house for relaxed enforcement. The district court of Klagenfurt has been relocated to a new building on Feldkirchner Strasse.

Federal Army

The Carinthia military command is located in the FM Hülgerth command building on Mießenaler Straße . There are also three barracks in Klagenfurt : In the Khevenhüllerkaserne in the Lendorf district, the former SS Junker School , there is the Jäger Battalion 25 , the only airborne association in Austria . In the barracks there is also the command of the 3rd operational supply point and the workshop company of the 7th staff battalion. In the Windischkaserne in Rosenbergstraße, sometimes called "Jägerkaserne", there is the Carinthian supplementary department as well as the command, the staff company, the supply and transport company (current KIOP forces) and the command support company of the 7th staff battalion. The Laudon barracks in the Tessendorf district is home to the military equipment station. The oldest barracks in Austria, the listed orphanage barracks in Deutenhoferstraße, was cleared on April 30, 2009.

In addition, one of the two bases of the helicopter squadron is located at Klagenfurt Airport , whose Alouette III helicopters take over connection, reconnaissance and transport flights. Everyday civilian life includes operations for mountain rescue and disaster relief , as the machines are an integral part of the Austrian emergency helicopter system.

Fire and rescue services

Klagenfurt is the seat of the district fire brigade commands of Klagenfurt-Stadt and Klagenfurt-Land. The city has a professional fire brigade, ten volunteer fire brigades and four company fire brigades for the airport, the city theater, the Klagenfurt prison and the Klagenfurt Clinic . The Carinthia regional fire brigade command with the regional fire brigade school and the federal management of the Carinthian mountain rescue service are located in Rosenegger Straße . The Austrian Red Cross is based in Klagenfurt with the regional association as well as a district office, a blood donation center and the Youth Red Cross.

The Klagenfurt am Wörthersee Clinic (formerly the Klagenfurt Regional Hospital) is the largest hospital in Carinthia and the third largest in Austria, with 25 clinical departments and 8 central institutes. It has 1679 beds and around 4000 employees. There is also the general public hospital of the Elisabethinen as well as an accident hospital .

politics

Municipal council election 2015

%

40

30th

20th

10

0

30.66
(+7.13)

24.85
(+21.82)

18.78
(+0.24)

14.05
(+2.39)

3.51
( n. K. )

3.47
(+2.84)

n. k.
(-38.46)

4.68
(-0.11)

BA

Otherwise.

Composition of the municipal council 1946–2009 (seats)
year	total	SPÖ	ÖVP	FPÖ	BZÖ	KPÖ	VGÖ	GRE	EW'09	NK	BA
1946	24	14th	08th	-	-	2	-	-	-	-	-
1948	36	21st	12	-	-	3	-	-	-	-	-
1949	36	16	11	08th	-	1	-	-	-	-	-
1953	36	18th	10	07th	-	1	-	-	-	-	-
1957	36	17th	13	05	-	1	-	-	-	-	-
1962	36	17th	13	05	-	1	-	-	-	-	-
1967	36	20th	12	04th	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1973	45	20th	16	08th	-	1	-	-	-	-	-
1979	45	21st	21st	03	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1985	45	18th	22nd	04th	-	-	1	-	-	-	-
1991	45	19th	14th	10	-	-	2	-	-	-	-
1997	45	14th	14th	14th	-	-	2	1	-	-	-
2003	45	17th	15th	09	-	-	-	4th	-	-	-
2009	45	11	09	01	18th	-	-	5	1	-	-
2015	45	15th	09	12	-	-	-	7th	-	1	1

As a municipality and statutory city, the political representation of Klagenfurt is divided into a municipal council (parliament) and the city senate (government). The municipal council is elected directly by the people, the members of the city senate are elected by the municipal council, but the number of seats is determined in advance by the proportions determined by the election result. As in all municipalities in Carinthia, the mayor is directly elected.

Municipal council

Distribution of seats in the municipal council

15th

7th

1

9

12

15th 7th 1 1 9 12

A total of 45 seats

SPÖ : 15
GREEN : 7
BA : 1
NEOS : 1
ÖVP : 9
FPÖ : 12

The municipal council of Klagenfurt consists of 45 members and has been composed as follows since the last municipal council election in 2015 :

15 SPÖ
12 FPÖ
9 ÖVP
7 greens
1 NEOS
1 BA (Citizen Alliance List Albert Gunzer)

You (Die Independent - Haslitzer - Zwanziger), LINX (non-party and KPÖ), TS (Team Stronach), DMÖ (Modern Austria), LMW (List Mayerhofer Wilhelmine) and DB (Die Brut) failed to enter the local council. EW'09 in the table stands for the list "Ewald Wiedenbauer" (previously he was a member of the SPÖ)

City Senate and Mayor

new town hall

The Klagenfurt City Senate (city government) consists of seven members. This consists of the following members:

Mayor Maria-Luise Mathiaschitz (SPÖ)
1st Vice Mayor Jürgen Pfeiler (SPÖ)
2nd Vice Mayor Christian Scheider (FPÖ)
City Councilor Wolfgang Germ (FPÖ)
City Councilor Frank Frey (GREEN)
City Councilor Markus Geiger (ÖVP)
City Councilor Franz Petritz (SPÖ)

As in other cities in Carinthia, the mayor's office was created in Klagenfurt in 1588 to relieve the city judge of his duties.

The first mayor of the city was the builder Christoph Windisch . Mayoral elections took place annually until the middle of the 18th century. Emperor Joseph II abolished the city's self-government and the city chief was appointed for life from now on. From 1807 there was a "certified" mayor whose post was advertised publicly. After the March revolution in 1848, the town council and, for the first time, the mayor was elected from among its members. Since 1920 the election of the municipal council and the mayor took place according to the general, equal and secret suffrage. The mayor was appointed during the National Socialist era. Local self-government has existed since 1945 and the mayor of Klagenfurt has been directly elected by the people since March 1991.

Mayor since 1850

Andreas Koller	1850-1852
Ferdinand Hauser	1852-1861
Gabriel Ritter von Jessernig	1861-1865
Leopold Nagel	1865-1870
Gabriel Ritter von Jessernig	1870-1887
Franz Erwein	1887-1890
Franz Glöckner	1890-1892
Friedrich Posch	1892-1896
Julius Christoph Neuner	1896-1905
Johann Franz Suppan	1905-1906
Julius Christoph Neuner	1906-1909
Gustav Ritter von Metnitz	1909-1915
Friedrich von Wetzlar-Plankenstern	1916-1921

Friedrich Wolsegger	1921-1926
Adolf Heinrich Bercht (large German)	1926-1931
Franz Pichler-Mandorf (SDAP)	1931-1934
Adolf Wolf (CS)	1934-1938
Friedrich von Franz (NSDAP)	1938-1945
Friedrich Schatzmayer (SPÖ)	1945–1952
Peter Graf (SPÖ)	1952-1957
Hans Ausserwinkler (SPÖ)	1957-1973
Leopold Guggenberger (ÖVP)	1973-1997
Harald Scheucher (ÖVP)	1997-2009
Christian Scheider (FPK)	2009-2015
Maria-Luise Mathiaschitz (SPÖ)	since 2015

coat of arms

Blazon : "The city coat of arms shows in red over a green shield base a three-pinned , square, silver city tower with a round arched gate, in front of which a green lindworm hovers across to the right halfway up."

Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms of the city of Klagenfurt shows a floating dragon (and not a dragon, as described in the official blazon ) in front of a tower. The dragon stands for the founding legend of the city, the tall tinned tower is a typical symbol of the city's self-government. A city seal was mentioned as early as 1280, the oldest original seal from the year 1287. On the city seal from 1512 (certain) and the renewed seal from 1592 (presumably) a two-legged dragon is depicted, subsequently the depiction changes how also with the figure on the fountain , to the four-legged dragon. While the basic motifs and tinctures of the coat of arms were always fixed, it was not until the 20th century that the decision was made to keep the oldest motif with the two-legged dragon.

The flag shows the city colors red-white-green.

Town twinning

Klagenfurt lists the following fifteen partner cities :

city	country	since
Chernivtsi	Ukraine Ukraine	1992
Dachau	Germany Bayern Germany	1974
Dessau-Rosslau	Germany Saxony-Anhalt, Germany	1970
Dushanbe	Tajikistan Tajikistan	1973
Gladsaxe	Denmark Hovedstaden, Denmark	1969
Gorizia / Gorizia	Italy Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy	1965
Laval	Canada Quebec, Canada	2005
Nanning	China People's Republic Guangxi, People's Republic of China	2001
Nof HaGalil	Israel Israel	1992
Nova Gorica / New Gorizia	Slovenia Slovenia	1965
Rzeszów	Poland Subcarpathian, Poland	1975
Sibiu / Hermannstadt	Romania Transylvania, Romania	1990
Tarragona	Spain Catalonia, Spain	1994
Wiesbaden	Germany Hessen, Germany	1930
Zalaegerszeg	Hungary Western Transdanubia, Hungary	1990

The partnership with Dushanbe is primarily characterized by aid in the event of natural disasters and medical aid. Another town twinning with the northern Italian community Sappada , German Bladen or Pladen, is in preparation.

Floor mosaics with the coats of arms of the twin cities can be seen in Kramergasse in downtown Klagenfurt. The execution comes from the Carinthian painter and mosaic artist Franz Kaplenig .

To commemorate the oldest town twinning between Klagenfurt and Wiesbaden, one of the earliest partnerships ever, an important connection in downtown Klagenfurt is called "Wiesbadener Strasse", and the Wiesbaden Kurhaus was reproduced in the Minimundus . In return, a street in Wiesbaden bears the name "Klagenfurter Ring". Other twin cities are also reflected in Klagenfurt street names: Dessauer Straße, Duschanbegasse, Gladsaxeweg, Görzer Allee, Hermannstädter Weg, Nanninggasse, Tarragonaallee, Venloweg.

Diplomatic missions

Consulate General of Slovenia

In 1906, what was then the Kingdom of Italy was the first nation to open a diplomatic mission in Klagenfurt. There are currently fourteen foreign representations:

Consulate General: Slovenia
Consulates and honorary consulates: Chile , Finland , France , Italy , the Netherlands , Philippines , Poland , Sweden , Switzerland , South Korea , the Czech Republic , Ukraine , Hungary and Indonesia

The Consulate General of Germany was dissolved.

E-government

The city administration offers various electronic services to simplify official channels. Citizens can download forms as PDF or Word files or submit forms directly electronically. The city's online forms are based on AFORMSOLUTION from the Austrian IT company aforms2web .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Buried in Klagenfurt

Julien Green gravesite

Archduchess Maria Anna's grave

In addition to many famous Klagenfurters, the following prominent non-Klagenfurters found their final resting place here:

Grete Bittner (1905–1973), actress
Georg Drozdowski (1899–1987), writer
Franz Eglseer , director of the city theater
Josef Ferdinand Fromiller (1693–1760), Baroque painter (grave no longer preserved)
Julien Green (1900–1998), French-American. writer
Florian Gröger (1871–1927), governor
Friedrich Happ , founder of the largest reptile zoo in Central Europe
Silvester Leer (1880–1957), governor
Switbert Lobisser (1878–1943), painter
Maria Anna (1738–1789), Archduchess, daughter of Empress Maria Theresia
Rolf Olsen (1919–1998), German actor
Jakob Pagitz , founder of the beverage manufacturer Pago (Pago = Pag itz O bst)
Josef Friedrich Perkonig (1890–1959), writer
Markus Pernhart (1824–1871), painter
Vinzenz Schumy (1878–1962), State Secretary, Governor
Sebastian Stroh (1792–1852), founder of the rum factory Stroh
Johann Thaurer von Gallenstein (1779–1840), lyricist of the national anthem
Emmerich Übleis , chemistry student, resistance fighter
Dolores Viesèr (1904–2002), writer
Ferdinand Wedenig (1896–1975), governor
Ludwig Weiß (1902–1994), Minister of Transport
Franz Xaver Freiherr von Wulfen (1728–1805), botanist, discoverer of the “Wulfenia” (grave no longer preserved; his head was buried on the Nassfeld)

Honor graves

The city holds the graves of the following personalities as graves of honor:

Ingeborg Bachmann (1926–1973), writer, October 17, 1973, Annabichl
Georg Bucher , actor, October 12, 1972, Annabichl
Josef Wolfgang Dobernig, honorary citizen, member of the Reichsrat, July 24, 1918, Annabichl Chapel Crypt
Pepo Grabner, painter, October 2, 1991, Annabichl
Herbert family, lead manufacturer, Herbertgruft, St. Ruprecht
August Jaksch-Wartenhorst, State Archives Director, January 3, 1932, Annabichl Chapel Crypt
Thomas Klimann, defender, Colonel, October 25, 1942, Annabichl
Thomas Koschat (1845–1914), composer, May 19, 1914, Annabichl Chapel Crypt
Paul Meinhardt, gymnastics teacher, December 29, 1896, St. Ruprecht
Max Ritter von Moro (Moro-Morozzo-Botka), cloth manufacturer, March 16, 1899, Viktring
Josef Friedrich Perkonig (1890–1959), writer, February 8, 1959, Annabichl Chapel Crypt
Markus Pernhart (1824–1871), landscape painter, 1891, St. Ruprecht
Franz Josef Pichler-Mandorf (1885–1972), Former Mayor, July 7, 1972, Annabichl cemetery of honor
Paul Renn, poet, November 15, 1860, St. Ruprecht
Arnold Riese (1871–1912), member of the Reichsrat and editor, January 20, 1912, Annabichl
Alfons Rosthorn, September 19, 1909, Viktring
Othmar Rudan, author, Deputy State Office Director, February 21, 1985, Annabichl
Vinzenz Schumy (1878–1962), Vice Chancellor, December 13, 1962, Annabichl gravesite
Herbert Strutz (1902–1973), writer, October 1, 1973, Annabichl
Peter Suppan, folksong singer, November 3, 1902, Annabichl
Michael Tangl (1861–1921), university professor, September 7, 1921, Annabichl
Adolf Tschabuschnig, Imperial and Royal Minister of Justice, November 1, 1877, St. Ruprecht
Ferdinand Wedenig (1896–1975), Governor, November 11, 1975, Annabichl cemetery of honor
Franz Wodley, January 31, 1890, St. Ruprecht

Honorary citizen

Ludwig Hülgerth bust in Hülgerth Park

Honorary citizens by year of their appointment:

1821: Franz Reichsgraf von Enzenberg , President of the central state government

1858: Johann Friedel (1816–1898), major general

1896: Franz Freiherr von Schmidt-Zabierow , State President of Carinthia

1905: Julius Christoph Neuner (1838–1910), industrialist, politician

1907: Thomas Koschat (1845–1914), composer and choir director

1911: Josef Wolfgang Dobernig (1862–1918), politician and journalist

1914: Oskar Potiorek (1853–1933), officer

1914: Ernst Rauscher von Stainberg (1834–1919), writer

1915: Alfred Freiherr von Fries-Skene , governor of Trieste and the coastal region

1916: Franz Rohr (1854–1927), Field Marshal

1918: Carl Auer von Welsbach (1858–1929), chemist and entrepreneur

1923: Ivo von Hibler , friend of local law

1923: Ludwig Hülgerth (1875–1939), field marshal lieutenant and politician

1924: Josef Gruber , city doctor

1936: Kurt Schuschnigg (1897–1977), Federal Chancellor

1923: Franz Wilfan , railway official and councilor

1946: Karl Renner (1870–1950), politician

1947: Russel Roberts , Head of the British Red Cross

1950: Josef Friedrich Perkonig (1890–1959), narrator, playwright, author, film producer

1965: Ferdinand Wedenig (1896–1975), politician

1966: Peter Graf (1886–1977), politician

1997: Leopold Guggenberger (1918–2017), politician

1999: Leopold Wagner (1927–2008), politician

2001: Udo Jürgens (1934–2014), composer, pianist and singer

2011: Walter Dermuth , City Councilor and Vice Mayor, President of the Carinthian Trade Fairs

literature

Wilhelm Baum: Klagenfurt. History of a city at the intersection of three cultures. Kitab Verlag, Klagenfurt 2002, ISBN 3-902005-13-0 .
Dehio manual. The art monuments of Austria. Carinthia. 3. Edition. Anton Schroll, Vienna 2001, ISBN 3-7031-0712-X , pp. 345-404.
Tatjana Feinig: Klagenfurt / Celovec. In: Katja Sturm-Schnabl , Bojan-Ilija Schnabl (Hrsg.): Encyclopedia of Slovenian Cultural History in Carinthia / Koroška. From the beginning to 1942. Volume 2. Böhlau Verlag, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2016, pp. 628–630, catalog entry at Cobiss.
Siegfried Hartwagner: Klagenfurt, city. Your works of art, historical forms of life and settlement. Verlag Sankt Peter, Salzburg 1980, ISBN 3-900173-26-5 .
Dieter Jandl: Klagenfurt. From the settlement on the ford to the knowledge city. Historical overview. 5th edition. Verlag Johannes Heyn, Klagenfurt 2009, ISBN 978-3-7084-0352-6 (3rd edition. Klagenfurt 2002, ISBN 3-85366-992-1 ; PDF; 1.9 MB ).
Larissa Krainer: Klagenfurt. 3. Edition. Heyn Verlag, Klagenfurt 2005, ISBN 3-7084-0131-X .
Gotbert Moro (ed.): The state capital Klagenfurt. From their past and present. Self-published by the state capital, Klagenfurt 1970, DNB 56062686X .
Hermann Th. Schneider: The streets and squares of Klagenfurt. 4th, exp. and verb. Edition. Self-published by the state capital Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt 1999, DNB 1009056891 .
Hubert Steiner: Klagenfurt in the First World War. Dissertation . Graz 1983.

Literary:

Ingeborg Bachmann: Youth in an Austrian city. In: Ingeborg Bachmann: Master narratives. Piper, Munich 1961, pp. 7-17.
Uwe Johnson : A trip to Klagenfurt (= Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch. 235). Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main 1974, ISBN 3-518-06735-4 .
Vinzenz Jobst (Ed.): Klagenfurt / Celovec (= select Europe ). Wieser Verlag, Klagenfurt 2006, ISBN 3-85129-564-1 .

Web links

Commons : Klagenfurt - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Clagenfurt in the Topographia Austriacarum (Matthäus Merian) - sources and full texts

Wikisource: Clagenfurt in the appendix of the Topographia Austriacarum (Matthäus Merian) - sources and full texts

20101 - Klagenfurt am Wörthersee. Community data, Statistics Austria .

Individual evidence

↑ Statistics Austria - Population at the beginning of 2002–2020 by municipalities (area status 01/01/2020)

↑ ^a ^b ^c Statistical Yearbook 2008 of the Magistrate ( Memento of December 8, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 11.7 MB).

^ Dieter Jandl: Klagenfurt. Historical overview. Klagenfurt 2006, p. 5.

^ Herbert Paschinger: Carinthia. A geographic study of the country. First part: general presentation. Publishing house of the State Museum for Carinthia, Klagenfurt 1976, DNB 550452036 .

↑ Climate data from Austria 1971–2000 , Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics (ZAMG).

↑ Klagenfurt Airport (476 m). In: weatheronline.de, accessed on June 14, 2018.

↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )

↑ Heinz Dieter Pohl: Our Slovenian place names. Mohorjeva / Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 2010, ISBN 978-3-7086-0521-0 , pp. 71–72, 182–183.

^ Heinz Dieter Pohl: Carinthia. German and Slovenian names / Koroška. Slovenska in nemška imena. In: Austrian name research. Volume 28, 2000, Issue 2–3. Mohorjeva / Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 2000, ISBN 3-85013-802-X , p. 83.

↑ Paul Gleirscher: How Aquiliu to Klagenfurt was. In: Ders .: Mystical Carinthia. The legendary, the hidden, the excavated. Carinthia, Klagenfurt 2007, ISBN 978-3-85378-603-1 , pp. 59-65.

^ Robert Sedlaczek: How Cviljovec became Klagenfurt. In: Wiener Zeitung. July 7, 2010, accessed October 12, 2019.

^ Eberhard Kranzmayer: Place name book of Carinthia. Part II. Publishing house of the history association for Carinthia, Klagenfurt 1958, p. 119.

↑ Joannem Hvserum, first part of the writings of the noble / highly learned and reinforced Philosophi and Medici, Philippi Theophrasti Bombast von Hohenheim / Paracelsi called (Frankfurt 1603) p. 313.

↑ Founding saga based on Franz Pehr (1913) on haben.at .

^ Dieter Jandl: Klagenfurt. Historical overview. Klagenfurt 2009, p. 5.

^ Dieter Jandl: Klagenfurt. Historical overview. Klagenfurt 2009, p. 6.

^ Claudia Fräss-Ehrfeld: History of Carinthia. The class epoch. Verlag Joh. Heyn, Klagenfurt 1994, ISBN 3-85366-685-X , p. 254 ff.

↑ Bojan-Ilija Schnabl: Windisch, Christoph. In: Katja Sturm-Schnabl , Bojan-Ilija Schnabl (ed.): Encyclopedia of Slovenian Cultural History in Carinthia / Koroška, From the Beginnings to 1942. Volume 3. Böhlau Verlag, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2016, p. 1514, catalog entry at Cobiss.

↑ Dieter Jandl: Mayor of the state capital Klagenfurt am Wörthersee. In: Statistical yearbook of the state capital Klagenfurt am Wörthersee 2009. Reporting year 2008/09. Published by the municipal authorities of the state capital Klagenfurt am Wörthersee Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Municipal Directorate / Public Management - Statistics and Information Management. Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, p. XXII; Statistical yearbook of the state capital Klagenfurt 2009, p. XXVI ( Memento from July 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ).

↑ Paul Kheppiz: Clagenfurterische Chronicle. Edited by D. Jandl. 2nd edition, Klagenfurt 2008, p. 31 f.

^ Anton Kreuzer: St. Ruprecht - City in front of the city. Klagenfurt's XI. District. Kreuzer-Buch, Klagenfurt 2009.

^ Wilhelm Deuer: The Protestant Trinity Church in Klagenfurt and its rededication in a Jesuit church. In: France Martin Dolinar (Ed.): Catholic Reform and Counter Reformation in Inner Austria 1564–1628. Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 1994, ISBN 3-85013-358-3 , p. 638.

^ Dieter Jandl: Klagenfurt. Historical overview. Klagenfurt 2009, p. 26 ff.

^ Dieter Jandl: Klagenfurt. Historical overview. Klagenfurt 2009, p. 45.

↑ August Walzl: The Jews in Carinthia and the Third Reich. Universitätsverlag Carinthia, Klagenfurt 1987, ISBN 3-85378-298-1 , p. 239;
Karl Stuhlpfarrer: Anti-Semitism, Racial Policy and the Persecution of the Jews in Austria after the First World War. In: Anna Maria Drabek, Wolfgang Häusler, Kurt Schubert, Karl Stuhlpfarrer, Nikolaus Vielmetti: Das Österreichische Judentum. Requirements and history. 2nd Edition. Verlag Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1982, pp. 141 ff.

^ Dieter Jandl: Klagenfurt then and now: One hour of bombing, 234 dead. Report of the first bomb attack on Klagenfurt in World War II ( memento of July 13, 2009 in the Internet Archive ). In: Small newspaper. January 19, 2009. Retrieved June 14, 2018.

↑ May 8th from a Carinthian perspective. In: orf.at . April 11, 2012, accessed October 12, 2019.

↑ Connection the other way around. In: Der Spiegel . February 5, 1949, pp. 12-13.

↑ May 8: Carinthia at the end of the war in 1945. In: kaernten.orf.at, May 8, 2015, accessed on October 12, 2019.

↑ Brigitte Entner: Forgotten Victims? (PDF; 66 kB) The “Deported” of May 1945 as reflected in historical analysis and regional history politics. (No longer available online.) In: uni-klu.ac.at. November 29, 2007, archived from the original on February 21, 2017 ; accessed on June 14, 2018 .

↑ ^a ^b Klagenfurt is now also called “am Wörthersee”. In: oesterreich.ORF.at. ORF , July 3, 2007, accessed on December 1, 2015 .

↑ LGBl. No. 1/2008. State Law Gazette 2008 of January 16, 2008, Item 1, No. 1: Law of October 25, 2007, with which the Carinthian State Constitution and Klagenfurt City Law are amended in 1998.

^ Reformation city of Klagenfurt. Austria. Built by the Protestant estates. In: reformation-cities.org/cities, accessed on June 14, 2018. -
Villach and Klagenfurt are Reformation cities in Europe. In: evang.at. Evangelical Church in Austria , January 11, 2017, accessed on June 14, 2018 (including a vote by the Mayor of Klagenfurt, Maria-Luise Mathiaschitz ).

↑ Statistics Austria: View of the community and especially statistik.at (PDF; 9 kB).

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↑ oeaw.ac.at ( Memento from March 23, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (as of August 31, 2015).

↑ ^a ^b K. K. Central Statistical Commission: Special-Orts-Repertorien of the kingdoms and countries represented in the Austrian Reichsrathe. Part: Carinthia. Vienna 1883, p. 1.

^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . Volume 11. Leipzig 1907, p. 88.

^ The results of the census of December 31, 1910 in the kingdoms and countries represented in the Imperial Council. Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 96.

^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. City and district of Klagenfurt. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).

↑ Population statistics of the city of Klagenfurt ( Memento from April 30, 2016 in the Internet Archive )

↑ Austria's cities in figures 2009. Editor: Statistics Austria u. Austrian Association of Cities, Vienna 2009, pp. 123–124 (Table 03.07: Population in 2009 by selected country of birth).

↑ Statistics Austria, population status and structure as of January 1, 2014. (PDF; 9 kB).

↑ ^a ^b Demographic data from Statistics Austria (PDF; 11 kB), as of 2001 census.

^ Georg Lux: The mining museum will be closed on Saturday. In: Kleine Zeitung, October 30, 2015, accessed on June 14, 2018.

↑ Planetarium before reopening. In: kaernten.orf.at, March 20, 2015, accessed on January 14, 2019.

↑ wissenswertwelt.at.

↑ Egon Linortner (ed.): Klagenfurt Wörthersee. Self-published by the state capital Klagenfurt 1974, p. 136 f.

^ Gerhard Truig : German dictionary. Bertelsmann Lexikon Verlag, Gütersloh 1968, DNB 458565210 , Sp. 1304.

↑ Bachmann Prize. Retrieved December 19, 2019 .

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^ Wörthersee Classics Festival: Idea of the festival. In: woertherseeclassics.com. Retrieved December 19, 2019 .

↑ State capital Klagenfurt am Wörthersee: Magistrate and state capital Klagenfurt am Wörthersee. In: klagenfurt.at. Retrieved December 19, 2019 .

↑ lendhauer - Association for the revitalization of the lumbar canal. In: lendhafen.at. Retrieved December 19, 2019 .

↑ Kontaktna leča / contact lens. In: facebook.com. Retrieved December 19, 2019 .

↑ City judge | Preface - old town magic. In: stadtrichter.at. Retrieved December 19, 2019 .

↑ red: Klagenfurt receives its own cultural festival. In: kaernten.orf.at. December 19, 2019, accessed December 19, 2019 .

↑ Klagenfurt Festival brings pop culture to the Lindwurmstadt. In: visitklagenfurt.at. Retrieved December 19, 2019 .

↑ Final end for beach volleyball. ORF Carinthia, August 29, 2017, accessed on April 16, 2020 .

^ Austrian champions - team (Bundesliga). In: oepbv.at. Austrian Pool Billiard Association, accessed on January 15, 2016 .

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^ Job census by Statistics Austria from May 15, 2001 (PDF; 18 kB).

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↑ Mining Museum: Bunker History ( Memento from September 17, 2011 in the Internet Archive )

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The other stations. In: mediathek.at, accessed on June 14, 2018.

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↑ Reinhold Gasper: Klagenfurt history and stories . tape 2 . Mohorjeva - Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 2007, ISBN 978-3-7086-0276-9 , pp. 56-61 .

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^ Big stage for Carinthia in Vienna. Retrieved June 14, 2019 .

↑ Statistical Yearbook 2015. Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, p. 121 ff. ( Memento from April 8, 2016 in the Internet Archive ). In: klagenfurt.at, accessed on June 14, 2018 (PDF; 4 MB).

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↑ Slovenska študijska knjižnica, Slovenian Study Library: celovec.sik.si. Retrieved December 19, 2019.

^ Website of the Mladinski dom.

^ City of Klagenfurt, Life in Klagenfurt, Social Affairs. In: klagenfurt.at. Retrieved June 23, 2019 .

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^ Diakonie, Klagenfurt. In: diakonie-delatour.at. Retrieved June 23, 2019 .

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^ THE Young University Rankings 2020. In: timeshighereducation.com, June 24, 2020, accessed July 8, 2020.

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↑ ^a ^b City of Klagenfurt am Wörthersee: Election of the municipal council and mayor on March 1, 2015 ( Memento of April 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive ). In: klagenfurt.at, accessed on April 12, 2015.

↑ GR members. In: klagenfurt.at, accessed on December 8, 2019 (current mandate distribution).

^ Claudia Fräss-Ehrfeld: History of Carinthia. The class epoch. Verlag Joh. Heyn, Klagenfurt 1994, ISBN 3-85366-685-X , p. 451.

↑ Quoted from Wilhelm Deuer: The Carinthian municipal coat of arms . Verlag des Kärntner Landesarchiv, Klagenfurt 2006, ISBN 3-900531-64-1 , p. 152.

↑ Sister cities. In: klagenfurt.at. Retrieved June 29, 2017 .

↑ For the first time in 1920 the English city of Keighley , West Yorkshire , and Poix-du-Nord in the French Département Nord entered into a twinning agreement, but in the form that the English city "adopted" the French. In 1986 an official partnership followed. -
Susan Handley: Take your partners: The local authority handbook on international partnerships. Local Government International Bureau, London 2006, p. 4. -
A partnership between Kiel and Sonderburg followed in 1925 , then in 1930 between Wiesbaden and Klagenfurt, cf.
Annemie Buchloh: town twinning. In: The City Day. Announcements from the German Association of Cities. 13 (1960), p. 437 ff. -
German Association of Cities (Ed.): The Association of Cities. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1968, p. 287 ( preview in Google book search). -
Günter Püttner: Handbook of municipal science and practice. Volume 2: Municipal Constitution. 2., completely reworked. Edition. Springer, Berlin / New York 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-10993-8 , p. 510 ( preview of the table of contents in the Google book search). -
Hans-Jörg Bücking: Development cooperation in the Federal Republic of Germany and the GDR. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-428-09425-5 , p. 70 ( preview in Google book search).

↑ E-service. In: klagenfurt.at. Retrieved June 14, 2018 .

↑ Statistical Yearbook of the City of Klagenfurt 2009, p. XXVI ( Memento from July 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 9.3 MB).

^ List of honorary citizens ( memento of December 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) on the website of the magistrate.

[Metadaten_Einwohnerzahl_AT-4_40101-1] Statistics Austria - Population at the beginning of 2002–2020 by municipalities (area status 01/01/2020)

[StatistischesJahrbuch2008-2] Statistical Yearbook 2008 of the Magistrate ( Memento of December 8, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 11.7 MB).

[3] Dieter Jandl: Klagenfurt. Historical overview. Klagenfurt 2006, p. 5.

[4] Herbert Paschinger: Carinthia. A geographic study of the country. First part: general presentation. Publishing house of the State Museum for Carinthia, Klagenfurt 1976, DNB 550452036 .

[5] Climate data from Austria 1971–2000 , Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics (ZAMG).

[6] Klagenfurt Airport (476 m). In: weatheronline.de, accessed on June 14, 2018.

[Metadaten_Einwohnerzahl_AT_Ortschaft_QUELLE-7] Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )

[8] Heinz Dieter Pohl: Our Slovenian place names. Mohorjeva / Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 2010, ISBN 978-3-7086-0521-0 , pp. 71–72, 182–183.

[9] Heinz Dieter Pohl: Carinthia. German and Slovenian names / Koroška. Slovenska in nemška imena. In: Austrian name research. Volume 28, 2000, Issue 2–3. Mohorjeva / Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 2000, ISBN 3-85013-802-X , p. 83.

[10] Paul Gleirscher: How Aquiliu to Klagenfurt was. In: Ders .: Mystical Carinthia. The legendary, the hidden, the excavated. Carinthia, Klagenfurt 2007, ISBN 978-3-85378-603-1 , pp. 59-65.

[11] Robert Sedlaczek: How Cviljovec became Klagenfurt. In: Wiener Zeitung. July 7, 2010, accessed October 12, 2019.

[12] Eberhard Kranzmayer: Place name book of Carinthia. Part II. Publishing house of the history association for Carinthia, Klagenfurt 1958, p. 119.

[13] Joannem Hvserum, first part of the writings of the noble / highly learned and reinforced Philosophi and Medici, Philippi Theophrasti Bombast von Hohenheim / Paracelsi called (Frankfurt 1603) p. 313.

[14] Founding saga based on Franz Pehr (1913) on haben.at .

[15] Dieter Jandl: Klagenfurt. Historical overview. Klagenfurt 2009, p. 5.

[16] Dieter Jandl: Klagenfurt. Historical overview. Klagenfurt 2009, p. 6.

[17] Claudia Fräss-Ehrfeld: History of Carinthia. The class epoch. Verlag Joh. Heyn, Klagenfurt 1994, ISBN 3-85366-685-X , p. 254 ff.

[18] Bojan-Ilija Schnabl: Windisch, Christoph. In: Katja Sturm-Schnabl , Bojan-Ilija Schnabl (ed.): Encyclopedia of Slovenian Cultural History in Carinthia / Koroška, From the Beginnings to 1942. Volume 3. Böhlau Verlag, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2016, p. 1514, catalog entry at Cobiss.

[19] Dieter Jandl: Mayor of the state capital Klagenfurt am Wörthersee. In: Statistical yearbook of the state capital Klagenfurt am Wörthersee 2009. Reporting year 2008/09. Published by the municipal authorities of the state capital Klagenfurt am Wörthersee Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Municipal Directorate / Public Management - Statistics and Information Management. Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, p. XXII; Statistical yearbook of the state capital Klagenfurt 2009, p. XXVI ( Memento from July 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ).

[20] Paul Kheppiz: Clagenfurterische Chronicle. Edited by D. Jandl. 2nd edition, Klagenfurt 2008, p. 31 f.

[21] Anton Kreuzer: St. Ruprecht - City in front of the city. Klagenfurt's XI. District. Kreuzer-Buch, Klagenfurt 2009.

[22] Wilhelm Deuer: The Protestant Trinity Church in Klagenfurt and its rededication in a Jesuit church. In: France Martin Dolinar (Ed.): Catholic Reform and Counter Reformation in Inner Austria 1564–1628. Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 1994, ISBN 3-85013-358-3 , p. 638.

[23] Dieter Jandl: Klagenfurt. Historical overview. Klagenfurt 2009, p. 26 ff.

[24] Dieter Jandl: Klagenfurt. Historical overview. Klagenfurt 2009, p. 45.

[25] August Walzl: The Jews in Carinthia and the Third Reich. Universitätsverlag Carinthia, Klagenfurt 1987, ISBN 3-85378-298-1 , p. 239;
Karl Stuhlpfarrer: Anti-Semitism, Racial Policy and the Persecution of the Jews in Austria after the First World War. In: Anna Maria Drabek, Wolfgang Häusler, Kurt Schubert, Karl Stuhlpfarrer, Nikolaus Vielmetti: Das Österreichische Judentum. Requirements and history. 2nd Edition. Verlag Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1982, pp. 141 ff.

[26] Dieter Jandl: Klagenfurt then and now: One hour of bombing, 234 dead. Report of the first bomb attack on Klagenfurt in World War II ( memento of July 13, 2009 in the Internet Archive ). In: Small newspaper. January 19, 2009. Retrieved June 14, 2018.

[27] May 8th from a Carinthian perspective. In: orf.at . April 11, 2012, accessed October 12, 2019.

[28] Connection the other way around. In: Der Spiegel . February 5, 1949, pp. 12-13.

[29] May 8: Carinthia at the end of the war in 1945. In: kaernten.orf.at, May 8, 2015, accessed on October 12, 2019.

[30] Brigitte Entner: Forgotten Victims? (PDF; 66 kB) The “Deported” of May 1945 as reflected in historical analysis and regional history politics. (No longer available online.) In: uni-klu.ac.at. November 29, 2007, archived from the original on February 21, 2017 ; accessed on June 14, 2018 .

[orf_204646-31] Klagenfurt is now also called “am Wörthersee”. In: oesterreich.ORF.at. ORF , July 3, 2007, accessed on December 1, 2015 .