Eisenstadt

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Statutory city
Eisenstadt
coat of arms Austria map
Eisenstadt coat of arms
Eisenstadt (Austria)
Eisenstadt
Basic data
Country: Austria
State : Burgenland
Political District : Statutory city
License plate : E.
Surface: 42.84 km²
Coordinates : 47 ° 51 '  N , 16 ° 31'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 50 '44 "  N , 16 ° 31' 8"  E
Height : 182  m above sea level A.
Residents : 14,816 (January 1, 2020)
Postal code : 7000
Area code : 02682
Community code : 1 01 01
UN / LOCODE AT EIT
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Hauptstrasse 35
7000 Eisenstadt
Website: www.eisenstadt.gv.at
politics
Mayor : Thomas Steiner ( ÖVP )
Municipal Council : ( 2017 )
(29 members)
17th
7th
3
2
17th 7th 3 2 
A total of 29 seats
Location of Eisenstadt
Eisenstadt Bezirk Eisenstadt-Umgebung Bezirk Güssing Bezirk Jennersdorf Bezirk Mattersburg Bezirk Neusiedl am See Bezirk Oberpullendorf Bezirk Oberwart Rust (Burgenland)Location of the Eisenstadt district in the state of Burgenland (clickable map)
About this picture
Template: Infobox municipality in Austria / maintenance / site plan image map
Kismarton légifotó3.jpg
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria

The free town of Eisenstadt ( pronounced Bavarian-Austrian Eisnstod , Hungarian Kismarton 'Klein-Martin', Croatian Željezno, romani Tikni Marton or Srasta, Hebrew Asch ) is the capital of the federal state of Burgenland in Austria . Eisenstadt is a statutory city - the responsible district administrative authority is the mayor - and the seat of the district administration of Eisenstadt-Umgebung and the regional and district court of Eisenstadt . The city lies at the foot of the Leithagebirge and with its 14,816 (as of January 1, 2020) inhabitants is the smallest provincial capital in Austria. Based on the number of inhabitants, Eisenstadt ranks 41st on the list of cities in Austria .

geography

Eisenstadt is located at the southern foot of the Leithagebirge on a terrace that gradually descends to the Wulka plain at an altitude of 182 m (meteorological station 230 m). The east-west course of the terrace was originally followed by the expansion of the city from Oberberg-Eisenstadt in the west to the barracks in the east. Only later did it begin to spread south towards the Wulka plain and in the last few decades also to the north up the slopes of the Leithagebirge, where the vineyards gradually had to give way to new settlements.

Protected by the ridge of the Leithagebirge, which rises to over 400 m and is covered by dense deciduous forests, grapes, apricots, peaches and almonds ripen on the climatically favorable slopes. As far as the eye can see, everything is planted with vines, which also surround the city on all sides.

City structure

The municipality includes the following three localities (population in brackets as of January 1, 2020):

The community consists of the cadastral communities Eisenstadt, Kleinhöflein in Burgenland , Oberberg-Eisenstadt, St. Georgen and Unterberg-Eisenstadt.

Incorporations

The wine-growing village of Kleinhöflein, west of Eisenstadt, was part of the Eisenstadt rulership in the Middle Ages, came into the possession of the Esterházy family in the 17th century and was incorporated on January 1, 1971, as was the municipality of Sankt Georgen am Leithagebirge.

climate

Climate diagram

The long-term mean annual temperature (determined in the years 1961 to 1990) is 10.4 ° C. The mean value for 2007 was 11.8 ° C. The average annual rainfall (between 1961 and 1991) is 589 mm. Current values ​​can be called up on the ZAMG weather values ​​Burgenland website .

Average monthly temperatures and precipitation for Eisenstadt
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 3.1 5.3 10.4 16.1 21.1 24.0 26.7 26.1 20.9 15.0 8.3 3.5 O 15.1
Min. Temperature (° C) -2.8 -1.7 1.8 6.0 10.5 13.7 15.7 15.5 11.5 6.9 2.3 -1.6 O 6.5
Temperature (° C) -0.1 1.3 5.5 10.7 15.7 18.8 21.0 20.2 15.5 10.2 4.9 0.8 O 10.4
Precipitation ( mm ) 38 34 59 52 77 90 77 91 78 53 57 51 Σ 757
Humidity ( % ) 70.5 62.6 56.5 50.4 52.9 53.5 50.2 51.4 56.0 62.3 70.6 74.7 O 59.3
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
3.1
-2.8
5.3
-1.7
10.4
1.8
16.1
6.0
21.1
10.5
24.0
13.7
26.7
15.7
26.1
15.5
20.9
11.5
15.0
6.9
8.3
2.3
3.5
-1.6
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		38
34
59
52
77
90
77
91
78
53
57
51
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

history

Before the birth of Christ, the area was part of the Celtic Kingdom of Noricum and belonged to the surroundings of the Celtic hill settlement Burg on the Schwarzenbacher Burgberg .

Later under the Romans, today's Eisenstadt was then in the province of Pannonia .

Finds show that the Eisenstadt area was already settled in the Hallstatt period. A little later, the Celts and Romans settled there . At the time of the Great Migration, various Germanic peoples and the Huns settled the Eisenstadt area. Around 800, at the time of Charlemagne, settlement by the Bavarians began . Eisenstadt appeared for the first time in 1118 as "castrum ferrum". The first written mention was made in 1264 as "minor Mortin" (corresponding to Hungarian "Kismarton"). The Eisenstadt area was one of the westernmost parts of the Kingdom of Hungary .

Seal of Eisenstadt, 14th century, Secretvm ferree civitatis

In 1373 the city came into the possession of the Hungarian aristocratic Kanizsai family . The family had the walls fortified and built a moated castle within the walls . The name "Eysenstat" (strong, iron, hence Eisenstadt) comes from this time. In 1388 Eisenstadt received market rights . West Hungary, which was populated by Germany, was given to the House of Habsburg as a pledge : in 1445 Duke Albrecht VI acquired. the town; For the following 150 years, Eisenstadt remained under Austrian administration (as if it were part of what would later become Lower Austria ), which officiated from Vienna. During the Turkish War , the Turks conquered Eisenstadt in 1529 and 1532 on their advance on Vienna .

The Hungarian nobility demanded that the Habsburgs, who had now also become hereditary kings of Hungary, reintegrate western Hungary fully into Hungary and end direct Austrian administration. In order to take over the Hungarian noble Esterházy family for the House of Habsburg, it was in 1648 by the Roman-German Emperor Ferdinand III. in his function as King of Hungary, among other things, enfeoffed with the Eisenstadt region and raised to the rank of imperial prince in 1687 by his successor Leopold I. The prince dynasty changed the image of the city through brisk building activity.

At the same time, Eisenstadt was elevated to a royal free city by the emperor on October 26, 1648 at the urgent request of the citizenry , which was not subject to anyone except the king, and paid 16,000 guilders and 3,000 buckets of wine to the value of 9,000 guilders. Outside the city walls, on territory administered by him, Paul I. Esterházy de Galantha settled in 1670 immediately next to what was then Eisenstadt and in six surrounding towns, the so-called Siebengemeinden , around 3,000 Jews who had previously been expelled from Vienna . Samson Wertheimer (1658–1742), who worked as a court factor in Vienna , worked as a rabbi in Eisenstadt .

Plague column

The Esterházy family soon developed into one of the richest aristocratic families in Central Europe and had numerous castles to choose from. She decided on Eisenstadt as the princely headquarters, converted the former fortified castle into a representative palace and maintained a very elaborate, impressive court, which even led to visits from Empress Maria Theresa . With the appointment of Joseph Haydn as princely court conductor in the 1760s, a 30-year heyday of artistic life began here. In 1809, Eisenstadt was occupied by French troops during the coalition wars.

From 1865–1898 the Esterházy family had to do without the usual large amount of representation expenses, as they had taken over financially and had only escaped bankruptcy with the help of the emperor. It became quiet in Eisenstadt. The western Hungarian city was culturally oriented towards Vienna and tried to evade that of Budapest in the last decades of the 19th century. to evade operated Magyarization . In 1897 Eisenstadt was connected to the Hungarian railway network.

Town hall in Eisenstadt

After the First World War and the dissolution of Austria-Hungary , there was a three-year struggle for the future citizenship of "German-West Hungary" and thus of Eisenstadt. Through the peace treaty of St. Germain in 1919 with Austria and of Trianon in 1920 with Hungary, the area came to Austria in 1921 as Burgenland (the new name). Originally founded as a state capital provided Sopron ( Hungarian Sopron ) was due to a referendum Hungary slammed shut. Instead of Ödenburg, Eisenstadt was therefore designated the seat of the Burgenland provincial government on October 19, 1925, and thus de facto the provincial capital. At that time, however, it was not mentioned as such in the Burgenland constitution.

A Roman Catholic apostolic administration was set up in Eisenstadt in order to no longer subordinate the Burgenlanders to a Hungarian bishop. The surrounding communities were attached to Eisenstadt: 1923 Eisenstadt-Schlossgrund, 1938 Unterberg-Eisenstadt, 1939 Oberberg-Eisenstadt, 1970 Kleinhöflein and St. Georgen.

To mark the 200th birthday of Haydn, the Haydn Foundation, in collaboration with what was then the "Mittelstelle Deutscher Jugend in Europa" (Mittelstelle Deutscher Jugend in Europa), organized a large Haydn celebration in Eisenstadt in July 1932 with a clearly National Socialist-Greater German character. From all German-speaking settlement areas in Central Europe, young people brought earth to their homeland (e.g. Helgoland ), important historical sites (e.g. from the Wartburg near Eisenach ), from the graves of historically important Germans (e.g. from the imperial tombs of the Speyer Cathedral and the grave of Martin Luther ), memorials (e.g. Friedrich Schiller's birthplace in Marbach am Neckar ), battlefields (e.g. the Völkerschlachtdenkmal and Langemarck cemetery) and workplaces (e.g. Warndt area in Saarland ) to Eisenstadt as a commitment to national Germanness. The Haydnmal in the form of a large-sized cube urn bore the inscription "Youth came from all brands and brought earth of home, Joseph Haydn, the singer of the song of the Germans, the eternal empire of the Germans as a pledge."

Burgenland was dissolved during the Nazi era; its northern part with Eisenstadt became the Lower Danube district . The Jewish people of Eisenstadt were expelled or murdered. During World War II, Eisenstadt was once bombed, and there were 40 fatalities. In 1945 the Red Army took Eisenstadt and the city remained under Soviet occupation until 1955 . In 1956 Eisenstadt became the seat of the Evangelical Lutheran Superintendent of Burgenland and in 1960 the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Eisenstadt .

It was not until 1965 that Eisenstadt anchored the status of the state capital in the city constitution. In the state constitution, it was only made in 1981.

Population development


Culture and sights

St. Martin Cathedral
Esterházy Palace
Calvary of the mountain church in Eisenstadt

Museums

Buildings

Sacred buildings

Castles

Other buildings

Martin barracks

The Unterberg district is characterized by the former Jewish quarter and the old Jewish cemetery.

In the eastern district of St. Georgen there are several courtyards that have been preserved from the 17th and 18th centuries with rusticated entrance gates for the wine taverns. The inscription "Marcus Atilius" on the so-called Attilastein from the 1st century AD in front of the village well indicates the Roman culture in this area.

  • Aerial view

  • Eisenstadt (top right) around 1873 (recording sheet of the state survey )

  • Eisenstadt's only high-rise; was very controversial at the time of construction (1971)

Sports

  • EV Eisenstadt Raptors
  • SC Eisenstadt from 1907 to 2008.
  • UFC St. Georgen / Eisenstadt: The home ground is in the Eisenstadt cadastral community of St. Georgen am Leithagebirge . The UFC is currently champion in the II. Northern League and will be promoted to the Burgenland regional league for the 2013/14 season .
  • Eisenstadt FC: home ground in Müllendorf. (2007-2008)

Regular events

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Road connections

The Burgenland expressway S 31 connects Eisenstadt with the southeast autobahn A 3 (joins the south autobahn A 2 towards Vienna at Guntramsdorf ) and the Mattersburger Schnellstraße S 4 (leads through the Mattersburg district towards Wiener Neustadt and then also joins the south Motorway A 2). Eisenstadt can be reached via federal highways via Burgenland Straße B 50, Ruster Straße B 52 and Eisenstädter Straße B 59.

Public transport

Eisenstadt is connected to the Ostbahn via the Pannoniabahn and can be reached continuously from Vienna with Regional Express trains. In Wulkaprodersdorf there is either a connection to Deutschkreutz / Sopron or Vienna Meidling for every train coming from Eisenstadt .

The Domplatz in Eisenstadt is the hub for regional bus traffic. From here buses run to the neighboring villages as well as to the districts of Mattersburg , Neusiedl , Baden (Lower Austria) , Bruck an der Leitha (Lower Austria) and Wiener Neustadt Land (Lower Austria) as well as to Vienna . Domplatz and the train station are connected by regular buses.

The three city ​​bus routes Georg (Line 1), Vitus (Line 2) and Martin (Line 3) have been in Eisenstadt since December 2016 . In December 2018 the Fanny line (line 4) went into operation. Lines 1, 2 and 3 run every half hour, line 4 every hour. None of the lines run on Sunday. They connect the historical centers, the settlement areas on the Leithagebirgshang, the residential areas to the south as well as the shopping centers and industrial areas to the south with the two main transfer points at the train station and the bus station / Domplatz.

Established businesses

As of May 15, 2001, the 1,089 companies in Eisenstadt employed 13,581 people. Eight of these companies each employed over 200 people.
2006: Due to the expiry of EU subsidies, many companies relocate from Eisenstadt to Vienna or Hungary.

Public facilities

Eisenstadt is the capital of the federal state of Burgenland and, in addition to the seat of the state government, also houses the seat of the Burgenland state parliament , the highest administrative institutions of the state and courts of law.

The Burgenland State Police Department acts as the security authority for the city and is also responsible for the nearby free city of Rust . The Eisenstadt City Police Command is subordinate to her as the guard's station . The training center of the security executive for the federal state of Burgenland is also located in Eisenstadt .

The Caritas Burgenland operates the care center Haus St. Martin with 75 residential units and 18 nursing beds. The senior pension Eisenstadt with 54 single and 2 double rooms is run by the Burgenland relief organization.

education

Theresianum Eisenstadt

politics

Municipal council

Municipal council elections
 %
60
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
55.29%
(+ 5.10  % p )
22.06%
(-6.30  % p )
11.26%
(+ 3.76  % p )
9.04%
(-3.20  % p )
1.73%
( n.k. )
0.63%
(-1.07  % p )
 

The council comprises a total of 29 seats due to the number of inhabitants.

Results of the municipal council elections since 1997
Political party 2017 2012 2007 2002 1997
Sti. % M. Sti. % M. Sti. % M. Sti. % M. Sti. % M.
ÖVP 4,051 55.29 17th 3,534 50.19 15th 3,738 54.08 17th 4,274 63.01 19th 3,178 57.17 17th
SPÖ 1,616 22.06 7th 1.997 28.36 9 1.925 27.85 8th 1,633 24.07 7th 1,471 26.46 8th
FPÖ 825 11.26 3 528 7.50 2 454 6.57 2 403 5.94 1 636 11.44 3
Green 662 9.04 2 862 12.24 3 528 7.64 2 473 6.97 2 274 4.93 1
LBL 46 0.63 0 120 1.70 0 171 2.47 0 not running not running
NEOS 127 1.73 0 not running not running not running not running
LEFT not running 96 1.39 0 not running not running not running
Eligible voters 10,851 10,445 9,921 9,346 8,815
voter turnout 73.42% 72.71% 74.69% 77.59% 76.26%

mayor

Mayor has been Thomas Steiner (ÖVP), Member of the Burgenland Landtag , who succeeded Andrea Fraunschiel , since November 2011 . First Vice Mayor is Istvan Deli (ÖVP). The second Vice Mayor was Günter Kovacs (SPÖ), Member of the Burgenland State Parliament from 2009 to 2019 . In February 2019, Lisa Vogl succeeded him as Eisenstadt's Vice Mayor.

The following were appointed city district heads: Istvan Deli (Eisenstadt district), Heidi Hahnekamp (St. Georgen) and Josef Weidinger (Kleinhöflein).

The municipal director is Gerda Török.

City council

In addition to Mayor Thomas Steiner, Deputy Mayors Istvan Deli and Lisa Vogl, the city council also includes Michael Freismuth (ÖVP), Stefan Lichtscheidl (ÖVP), Birgit Tallian (ÖVP) and Renée Maria Wisak (SPÖ).

Chronicle of the mayor

Town twinning

We have partnerships with the following cities:

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the city of Eisenstadt.png Blazon : “The coat of arms of the free city of Eisenstadt shows a red shield, from the edge of which a silver, black-grooved square tower with three visible battlements rises on a laterally widening substructure. The tower has a square black window with a silver-colored grille and under this a black, open, semicircular gate, which is insured with a half-lowered silver-colored portcullis. On the crenellated crown of the tower is a black, red-tongued and gold-armored eagle with the gold initials F.III (Ferdinand III.) On the chest. A silver-colored wall crown with five visible battlements rests on the shield. "

Personalities

Joseph Haydn , oil painting (1791) by Thomas Hardy

One of the city's most famous personalities is the composer Joseph Haydn (1732–1809), who worked here as court conductor. The Esterházy family has had a relationship with the city for several centuries and has honorary citizenship status as a family . Several well-known politicians, artists, scientists and athletes were born in Eisenstadt, including the anatomist Josef Hyrtl (1810-1894), the Austrian Agriculture Minister Nikolaus Berlakovich (* 1961) and the football players Andreas Ivanschitz (* 1983) and Philipp Hosiner (* 1989) .

Eisenstadt was also the place of activity of historically important figures of religious, especially Jewish, life. For example, seemed Azriel Hildesheimer (1820-1899), the founders of modern Orthodoxy in Judaism, 18 years as a rabbi in Eisenstadt. The Israeli politician and Rabbi Moshe Se'ev Feldman was born in Eisenstadt.

Web links

Commons : Eisenstadt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Eisenstadt  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
Wikisource: Eysenstatt in the Topographia Austriacarum (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts
Wikivoyage: Eisenstadt  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lesson 6c - Part 1 (Being able to give location information). In: Tu vakeres novel? Do you speak romanes Adult Education Center of the Burgenland Roma, accessed on May 30, 2020 .
  2. ^ Günter Nikles: Eisenstadt. In: Best of Burgenland. Retrieved May 30, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
  4. ↑ [Statistics Austria: dissolutions or associations of municipalities from 1945 http://www.statistik.at/web_de/static/gemeindeaenderungen_ab_1945_vereinigungen_teilungen_namens-_u._statusaende_054994.pdf ]
  5. ↑ Climate data from Austria 1971-2000 . Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
  6. ↑ a b Eisenstadt became the capital 85 years ago on ORF Burgenland on October 19, 2010, accessed on October 19, 2010.
  7. ↑ Friedrich Heiss: The Saar book fate of a German landscape. Berlin 1934, pp. 183-184.
  8. ↑ http://www.landesarchiv-bw.de/plink/?f=5-851766-1
  9. ↑ Raiffeisen anniversary waiting room at ÖTK
  10. ↑ City bus Eisenstadt - City bus Eisenstadt - Get on! In: stadtbuseisenstadt.at. Magistrate of the state capital Freistadt Eisenstadt, accessed on January 21, 2017 .
  11. ↑ Landesauptstadt Eisenstadt, lives in Eisenstadt, seniors, Pflegheheime. Retrieved June 23, 2019 .
  12. ^ Caritas Burgenland, Help & Services, Care & Care, Senior Citizens & Care Centers, St. Martin House. Retrieved June 23, 2019 .
  13. ↑ Province of Burgenland: Eisenstadt election results 2017 (accessed on November 22, 2017)
  14. ^ Province of Burgenland: Eisenstadt election results 2012 (accessed on November 22, 2017)
  15. ^ Province of Burgenland: Eisenstadt 2007 election results (accessed on November 22, 2017)
  16. ↑ a b Province of Burgenland: Eisenstadt 2002 election results (accessed on November 22, 2017)
  17. ↑ a b Freistadt Eisenstadt: Official Gazette of Freistadt Eisenstadt, November 2017 edition, pages 5–6 (accessed on November 21, 2017)
  18. ↑ In a local council meeting: Lisa Vogl sworn in as Eisenstadt's vice mayor . Article dated February 6, 2019, accessed February 6, 2019.
  19. ↑ Freistadt Eisenstadt: Magistrate Directorate (accessed on November 21, 2017)
  20. ^ City Senate - Eisenstadt. Retrieved October 15, 2019 .