Bernhard von Spanheim

Memorial to Bernhard von Spanheim; Klagenfurt

Duke Bernhard von Spanheim's equestrian seal

Bernhard von Spanheim (* 1176 or 1181; † January 4, 1256 in Völkermarkt ) came from the originally Rhineland-Franconian family of Spanheimers and was one of the most important dukes of Carinthia . His parents were Hermann II and Agnes of Austria .

Live and act

Bernhard von Spanheim (also Sponheim) became Duke of Carinthia in 1202 as the successor to his brother Ulrich II von Spanheim . Initially he was a follower of Philip of Swabia , then Otto IV , and from 1213 again of Staufer Friedrich II. Duke Bernhard referred to himself as "princeps terre" and formed the ducal city triangle St. Veit an der Glan - Klagenfurt - Völkermarkt . He is therefore often referred to as the city founder. For example, he relocated the city of Klagenfurt from the Glan to its current location around the Alte Platz . He built a strong service team and promoted trade and transport.

Bernhard brought important pass crossings to the south (including the Loiblpass ) under his control and strove to acquire Krain (founding of Mariabrunn ( Kostanjevica Monastery ) near Landstraß / Kostanjevica na Krki ), which he gave his son and successor Ulrich III. von Spanheim (1256–1269) was finally able to secure. Bernhard had close ties to the Bohemian royal family of the Přemyslids through his wife Judith, a daughter of King Ottokar I Přemysl . These connections eventually led to his childless successor Ulrich III. made his cousin Přemysl Ottokar II an heir in Carinthia in the Podiebrad legacy of December 4, 1268 . Bernhard von Spanheim is buried in St. Paul Abbey in Lavanttal , the family grave.

In the Slovenian language and literature is often to figure report from the service of women of Ulrich von Liechtenstein noted in this Slovenian words of Duke Bernard of Spanheim quoted. Bernhard had greeted him when he was passing through Carinthia in Thörl-Maglern / Vrata Megvarje on May 1st, 1227 in Slovenian with the following words: “The prince and the journeymen are welcome. / ir gruoz was against me alsus: / buge waz primi, gralva Venus! ”(The prince and his entourage welcomed me. Their greeting to me was like this:“ Greetings from God, royal Venus ”). Ulrich had been disguised as Venus.

progeny

There were four children from Bernhard's marriage to Judith:

• Ulrich III. von Spanheim († October 27, 1269 in Cividale del Friuli ), Duke of Carinthia from 1256 to 1269, Lord of Krain since 1251
• Philipp von Spanheim (* 1220, † July 22, 1279 in Krems ), elected Archbishop of Salzburg 1247–1256, Patriarch of Aquileia 1269–1272
• Margarethe († 1249)
• Bernhard († before 1249)

literature

• Heinrich Appelt :  Bernhard II. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 111 ( digitized version ).
• Friedrich Hausmann : The Counts of Ortenburg and their male ancestors, the Spanheimers in Carinthia, Saxony and Bavaria, as well as their branch lines. In: East Bavarian border marks. Passauer Jahrbuch für Geschichte, Kunst und Volkskunde. Vol. 36, 1994, ISSN  0078-6845 , pp. 9-62.
• Eberhard zu Ortenburg-Tambach: History of the imperial, ducal and counts' entire house of Ortenburg. Part 1: The ducal house in Carinthia. Rückert, Vilshofen 1931.
• Heinrich von Zeißberg :  Bernhard II., Duke of Carinthia . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 422.

Web links

Commons : Bernard of Sponheim  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Bernhard in the CERL Thesaurus

Individual evidence

1. ↑ See: Reginald Vospernik , Pavle Zablatnik , Erik Prunč, Florjan Lipuš : The Slovenian word in Carinthia. = Slovenska beseda na Koroškem. Literature and poetry from the beginning to the present. = Pismenstvo in slovstvo od začetkov do danes. ÖBV, Vienna 1985, ISBN 3-215-04304-1 , pp. 22-23.

predecessor	Office	successor
Ulrich II.	Duke of Carinthia 1202–1256	Ulrich III.