Philipp von Spanheim

Philipps von Spanheim's equestrian seal

Seal of Philip as Elect from Salzburg

Philipp von Spanheim (also: Philipp von Sponheim and Philipp von Kärnten ; † July 22, 1279 in Krems an der Donau ) was Elekt (elected archbishop ) of Salzburg (1247–1257), Patriarch of Aquileia (1269–1271), Count von Lebenau (1254–1279) and nominal Duke of Carinthia . With his death, the main branch of the Spanheimer noble family died out .

Live and act

Philip was the younger son of Duke Bernhard II of Carinthia († 1256) and his wife Judith, daughter of King Ottokar I Přemysl of Bohemia .

As early as 1240 he was provost of Vysehrad and chancellor of Bohemia to his uncle Wenceslaus I. In 1247 he was elected Archbishop of Salzburg ( electus ), but did not allow himself to be consecrated in order not to obstruct his successor in the Duchy of Carinthia . Militarily he was successful: In 1250 he occupied the Styrian Ennstal , the Lungau (1247/52), defeated Meinhard III together with his father at Greifenburg in 1252 . of Gorizia and Albert III. of Tyrol , and thus gained important bases in Upper Carinthia.

In 1254 Philipp secured the county rights in the Chiemgau and the county of Lebenau in the 1st contract to Erharting . These had been ruled by a Spanheim side branch until they died out in 1229, and the archbishop of that time had then bought the county from the Bavarian dukes. With the treaty of 1254, Philipp tried to reverse the loss for the Spanheim family.

In 1257 he was deposed and banned by the cathedral chapter, but asserted himself militarily with the help of his brother Ulrich III. against his successor Ulrich . In 1260 he supported his cousin Ottokar II at Kressenbrunn against the Hungarians .

In 1267 Philipp had to give up Salzburg for good. In 1269 he was elected Patriarch of Aquileia , but never received papal recognition. Ottokar von Böhmen, to whom Ulrich († 1269) had secretly bequeathed the successor to Carinthia in the Treaty of Podiebrad in 1268, now turned against Philipp , supported by the Güssing counts , and also drove him out in the battle for Carinthia in 1270/71 Friuli . In 1272 Philipp had to give up.

In order to secure at least his count's rights in the Bavarian-Salzburg area, he concluded the second contract of Erharting with the Bavarian dukes in 1275. In it the boundaries of the county of Lebenau were precisely defined. In the same year, Philip was appointed by King Rudolf I nominally as Duke of Carinthia , Carniola and the Mark , but in fact never came to power.

Diseases and death

Philipp von Spanheim died in Krems in 1279 . He is the first Archbishop of Salzburg whose fatal illness is stated, namely from the same illness as his father and grandfather: something unclear as Rufus has been handed down. This designation was interpreted as erysipelas (= Rotlauf), but also as leprosy .
In Krems an epitaph in the former Dominican church commemorates him. His possessions in Lebenau fell back to the diocese of Salzburg. This no longer had any effects on the Duchy of Carinthia or the other former Spanheim possessions.

literature

Heinz Dopsch : Philipp v. Spanheim. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-428-00201-6 , p. 380 f. ( Digitized version ).
Friedrich Hausmann : The Counts of Ortenburg and their male ancestors, the Spanheimers in Carinthia, Saxony and Bavaria, as well as their branch lines. In: Ostbairische Grenzmarken - Passauer Jahrbuch für Geschichte, Kunst und Volkskunde, No. 36, Passau 1994, pp. 9–62.
Winfried Stelzer : On the painted epitaph Duke Philip of Carinthia in Krems. In: Our home 44, 1973, pp. 44–55.
Eberhard Graf zu Ortenburg-Tambach: History of the imperial, ducal and counts' entire house of Ortenburg - Part 1: The ducal house in Carinthia. , Vilshofen 1931.
Franz von Krones: Philipp von Sponheim . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 26, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1888, pp. 43-47.

Web links

Philipp in the CERL Thesaurus
Story out of life

Individual evidence

↑ From November 29, 1268 to September 1, 1271 there was a sedis vacancy in Rome , and the new Pope Gregory X , elected on September 1, 1271, appointed Patriarch of Aquileia instead of his Raimondo della Torre on December 21, 1273.
^ Franz Theuer : Ritterburg Lockenhaus , Edition Roetzer, Eisenstadt 1981, p. 26 ISBN 3-85374-082-0
↑ Alois Proschko: The deadly diseases of the archbishops of Salzburg . In: Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Salzburger Landeskunde , No. 86/87, year 1946/47, p. 93f.

predecessor	Office	successor
Gregorio of Montelongo	Patriarch of Aquileia 1269–1273 (Elekt)	Raimondo della Torre
Burkhart from Ziegenhain	Archbishop of Salzburg 1247–1256 (Elekt)	Ulrich von Seckau
Bernhard I.	Count of Lebenau 1254–1279	to the Prince Diocese of Salzburg

personal data
SURNAME	Philipp von Spanheim
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Elekt von Salzburg (1247–1257), Patriarch of Aquileia (1269–1271), Count von Lebenau (1254–1279)
DATE OF BIRTH	12th century or 13th century
DATE OF DEATH	July 22, 1279
Place of death	Krems at the Donau

[1] From November 29, 1268 to September 1, 1271 there was a sedis vacancy in Rome , and the new Pope Gregory X , elected on September 1, 1271, appointed Patriarch of Aquileia instead of his Raimondo della Torre on December 21, 1273.

[2] Franz Theuer : Ritterburg Lockenhaus , Edition Roetzer, Eisenstadt 1981, p. 26 ISBN 3-85374-082-0

[3] Alois Proschko: The deadly diseases of the archbishops of Salzburg . In: Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Salzburger Landeskunde , No. 86/87, year 1946/47, p. 93f.